3. The Journey of man The journey of man began in South Africa with a population less than 10,000. When the Ice Age happened (50,000-70,000-year time scale), earth began to change and was separated into different continents. Ice caps expanded which made monumental changes in the climate. The ice sheets blocked much of the ice and leaved the African caves dry. The African tribes had no choice but to leave their caves and move to those continents where they can find shelter and food. Researcher and Anthropologist, Spencer Wells is on a journey himself to find the missing link of how a DNA of just one man created populations in 7 different continents.
4. the journey of man Spencer examines how the first wave of African tribes arrived in Australia with the ocean blocking their way. It is clear that it was impossible for them to travel through the ocean without having the proper transportation. Spencer goes to India to find a genetic link of a human that proves the African tribes passed through India to get through Australia. He samples a group of people in various cities of India; he sampled a village in which their group had the oldest generation in their history; he then finds a gene of man who’s grandfather traveled 50,000 years ago from Africa to India. This simply proved that the African tribes did pass through India to arrive in Australia. These so-called tribes in Australia were Australian Aborigines.
5. The journey of man Only 10% of our population comes from the African tribes that moved to Australia; about 90% of our population took a different path. These descendents are Asians, Europeans, and Native Americans. The second wave of African tribes moved to China; from China, they traveled to Central Asia and Europe. Paintings were found in a cave called Pech-merle in France. The paintings showed that the first Europeans were simply cavemen during the Ice Age period. Spencer goes to Kazakhstan, and meets a man who is known for a DNA that he carries from his grandfather 40,000 years ago; his grandfather is the ancestor of Europeans, Native Americans, and Indians.
6. The journey of man Spencer then visits the Arctic Circle which has an intense cold climate and meets a Chukchi reindeer herder. He comes to a conclusion that the blood of the reindeers connects to Native Americans. As the earth’s appearance began to change, it connected the continentals together and allowed the people of Central Asia to enter America. Spencer’s last stop comes to America; he meets the Navajo Indians from Canyon de Chelly and finds out the 50,000 years of journey ends up in the America.
8. Archaeologist and author, David Keys investigates the natural events that caused a catastrophe on earth. Keys along with Mike Baillie, examine the tree rings in various countries, and found out that the trees in the mid 16th century were showing an unusual growth. Baillie came up with an evidence that the tree rings were caused by frost damage; such growth simply marked the global environmental traumas over the past thousands of years that created a disaster . Catastrophe!
9. It has been said that the sun was dimmed for 18 months in the 16th century and it could be seen for only 4 hours per day. People also feared that it may not be fully recovered. Evidence showed that only three suspects could cause such disaster: a volcano, and asteroid, or a comet; however, there is no evidence that any of these natural events caused a disaster. AnakKrakatoa, a volcanic island in Indonesia, has been said that it becomes bigger each year. It has been known for its loud sound, and there is evidence that it once exploded in 535 A.D. and killed thousands of people. Catastrophe!
10. A plague hit Constantinople in ancient Rome and killed thousands of people. There are two sources that the plague could have come from Ethiopia and China which then reached the ancient Rome in 570 A.D. The second plague hit the Avars. It killed their horses which made the Avars powerless. They were then defeated by the Turks and were forced to move out of Asia. Shortly after 535 A.D. another plague hit Teotihuacan, Mexico in which the climate suddenly changed. The region become extremely dry; therefore, the people were unable to grow enough food. It attacked and killed many of their children, primarily the babies. Catastrophe!
11. A plague then hit the British Isles which caused a cold climate., and the British were unable to grow food which caused starvation. The Anglo- Saxons then decided to import food from other countries to better support their population. In David Keys final investigation comes the rise of Islam A storm hit the Marib dam and destroyed it even though it was highly advanced during that period, and it was never repaired. It caused to a downfall of Yemen, therefore, it was abandoned by the people. People then migrated to a new regional power base in Medina and Mecca in 535 A.D. where Muhammad brought the religion Islam. Catastrophe!
13. The Columbian Exchange Christopher Columbus sailed the water with his ship and went on his Third Voyage where he explored the New World, South America in 1498. Columbus arrived with his horses in the present country Mexico; horses never stepped foot in America for over 1000 years. Cattle ranching began in the Caribbean Islands with Columbus; the leather became an economic foundation of regions such as Papas of Argentina. Back in 1865, the Texas traders sold the cattles to the market because it was not very useful to them; the cattle ranching was an improving business the Americas. When the Indians were defeated by the Americans because their resources were exterminated; in 1870, the Americans slaughtered about 10 million cattles and sold their hides to make coats and rags.
14. The Columbian Exchange Wheat was also a major crop which was brought by Christopher Columbus. 40 years later, the Spanish arrived in the Indies; they grew many crops and vegetables. Potato became an important crop back in the 18th century, and people called it a life savior. It was shipped to many European countries by the Spanish fishermen. In 1845, a disaster happened in Ireland; a blight destroyed the entire crops and caused many deaths in the population. This also led to many farmers not being able to pay their rent; therefore, they were evicted by their government. Many of them moved the America (most of them moved to Boston which today has a population of 60% Irish).
15. The Columbian Exchange Sugar cane became a very important crop which was grown by African slaves in the America. The sugar cane production began in Mexico, Brazil, and other Caribbean countries. Lastly came corn production which became the most important plant; it was grown in many environmental areas, and it was highly adaptable and beneficial. All these crops and plants were basically was more valuable than gold that Columbus was trying to find. Black slavery in general, created a critical role in the America. Africans came in a very large number of groups, and their hard work and contribution strengthened the America(s).
