1. CRUSOE
PROCESSOR

2. Contents
 Introduction
 Crusoe processor VLIW hardware
 Code morphing software
 Long run power management
 Crusoe processor architecture
 Conclusion

3. Features
 Mobile computing devices like laptops ,
webslates &notebook PCs are becoming
common
 Heart of every PC is MICROPROCESSOR.
 The mobile computing market has never had a
microprocessor specially designed for it

4. Drawbacks
 Consumes lots of power
 They get very hot
 Needs a cooling fan
 When you are on go, a power hungry
processor
-- run out of power before you’ve
finished
--run more slowly and lose application
performance

5. This makes the resultant mobile
computer:
 Bigger
 Clunker
 Noisier

6. Crusoe processor
 Designed specially for the mobile computing
market.
 Developed by small silicon valley startup
company called Transmeta Corp
 Easily understood from simple sketch of the
processor architecture called AMOEBA

7. Crusoe processor
 Hybrid processor
 It has a software part and a hardware part with
the software part layer surrounding the
hardware unit
 128 – bit microprocessor
 Fabricated on CMOS process
 Based on technique called VLIW

8. Crusoe processor
It uses Transmeta’s two patent
technologies
 Code morphing software
 Long run power management

9. CRUSOE - AMOEBA

10. Crusoe processor VLIW
hardware
 Very Long Instruction Word
 Combines multiple standard instructions into
one long instruction word
 Explicit parallelism
 Trace scheduling
 Dynamic scheduling

11. 128 bit Molecule

12. X86 INSTRUCTIONS

13. Code morphing software
 Dynamic translation system
 Program that compiles instruction set
architecture( X86 target ISA) into instructions
for another ISA (the VLIW host ISA)
 Resides in ROM
 First program to start executing when the
processor boots

14. Decoding and Scheduling
 Code morphing can translate an entire group
of x86 instructions at once
 Transmeta’s software translates instructions
once, saving the resulting translation in a
translation cache
 The next time the x86 code is executed the
system skips the translation step and directly
executes the existing optimized translation

15. Decoding and Scheduling
 The code morphing approach can amortize the
cost of translation over many
executions, allowing it to use much more
sophisticated translation and scheduling
algorithms
 Speeds up execution while at the same time
reducing power

16. Caching
 Resides in a separate memory space that is
inaccessible to x86 code
 Size of memory space can be set at boot time
 The crusoe processor’s approach of caching
translations delivers excellent performance in
real – life situations

17. Filtering
 The code morphing software includes in its
arsenal a wide choice of execution modes
 A sophisticated set of heuristics helps choose
among these execution modes based on
dynamic feedback information gathered during
actual execution of the code.

18. Prediction and Path Selection
 The micro-op translation adds at least one
pipeline stage and requires the decoder to call
a microcode routine to translate some of the
most complex x86 instructions
 Implementing the equivalent of that fronted
translation in software saves Transmeta a
great deal of control logic and simplifies the
design of chips
 It also allows to patch some bugs in software

19. LONG RUN POWER
MANAGEMENT
 The TM5600 can adjust its power consumption
without turning itself off
 It can adjust its clock frequency on the fly
 It does so quick and without requiring an
operating system reboot or having to go
through a slow sequence of suspending to and
restarting from RAM

20. CRUSOE PROCESSOR
ARCHITECHTURE
 PROCESSOR CORE
 INTEGRATED DDR SDRAM MEMORY
CONTROLLER
 INTEGRATED SDR SDRAM MEMORY
CONTROLLER
 INTEGRATED PCI CONTROLLER
 SERIAL ROM INTERFACE

21. CRUSOE PROCESSOR
ARCHITECHTURE

22. CONCLUSION
 Highly integrated
 Ultra-low power
 High performance platform solution for the x86
mobile market

23. REFERENCE
JOURNALS
 IEEE SPECTRUM, MAY 2000, “Transmeta’s
Magic Show”
 CHIP, JUNE 2000
 Pc Magazine , November 2000, “The Mobile
Edge”

24. THANK
YOU…..

25. QUERIES ???????