1. TISSUE CONDITIONERS

2. Index
Introduction
Composition
Uses of Tissue Conditioners
Adjuncts for Tissue Healing
Temporary Obturator
Stabilization of Baseplates & Surgical Splints or Stents
Adjunct to an impression or as a Final Impression
Material
Adjunct to Determine the Potential Benefits of a
Treatment Modality
Procedure for Applying Tissue Conditioners
oPreparation of dentures
oMixing and placement of the tissue conditioner
Care and Maintenance
Conclusion
References

3. Introduction
In 1967 Kydd and Mandley stated that tissue lining materials
permit wider dispersion of forces and hence, aid to decrease the
force per unit area transmitted to the supporting tissues.
For practical purposes, denture base materials are made of
rigid materials.
The dentist must recognize that the prolonged contact of these
bases with the underlying tissues is bound to elicit changes in the
tissues.
Mucosal health may be promoted by hygienic and therapeutic
measures and tissue-conditioning techniques may be applied
when appropriate.

4. Composition
Tissue conditioners are composed of polyethylmethacrylate and
a mixture of aromatic ester and ethyl alcohol.
Tissue conditioners are available as three component systems
Polymer(Powder)
Monomer(Liquid)
Liquid plasticizer(Flow control)
A gel is formed when these materials are mixed, with the ethyl
alcohol having a greater affinity for the polymer.

5. Uses of Tissue Conditioners
Tissue treatment
Temporary obturator
Baseplate stabilization
To diagnose the outcome outcome of resilient liners
Liners in surgical splints
Trial denture base
Functional impression material

6. Adjuncts for Tissue Healing
Advantage of using tissue conditioner is that they prepare the
selected oral structures to withstand all the stress from the
prosthesis.
Tissue conditioners are generally used to preserve the residual
ridge.
Also used to heal irritated hyperemic tissues prior to denture
fabrication.

7. Temporary Obturator
Tissue conditioners may be added as a temporary obturator
over existing complete or partial denture.
This may be done directly in mouth or indirectly after an
impression of the surgical area has been made.

8. Stabilization of Baseplates & Surgical Splints or Stents
When undercuts are present on an edentulous cast, an acrylic
temporary denture base cannot be used as it may get locked into
the undercut and break the cast during removal.
In such cases tissue conditioners of stiffer consistency may be
used to stabilize the record bases and prevent breakage of the
cast.

9. Adjuncts to an Impression or as a Final Impression Material
These materials are used when it is difficult to determine the
extent of the denture base due to presence of movable oral
structures.
These materials record the extension of the denture in a
dynamic form that will later help in preparing an impression tray
for the final impression.

10. Adjunct to determine the
Potential Benefits of a Treatment Modality
Sometimes patients with well constructed dentures develop
chronic soreness and find it difficult to wear the dentures
comfortably.
Tissue conditioners can be used to determine if this problem can
be resolved with the use of resilient liner.

11. Procedure for Applying Tissue Conditioners
The following steps must be considered while applying
tissue conditioners on a denture.
Preparation of the dentures
The tissue part of the denture base, which crosses an
undercut, should be reduced.
The tissue surface of the denture, which covers the
crest of the ridge, should be reduced by 1 mm.

12. It should be remembered that the dentures should allow
sufficient room for the placement of the tissue conditioner in order
to promote the recovery of displaced and traumatized tissues.
Mixing & placement of the tissue conditioner
Tissue conditioners are available as three component systems
Polymer(Powder)
Monomer(Liquid)
Liquid plasticizer(Flow control)
The mixing ratio can be changed according to consistency
required. A ratio of 1.25 parts of polymer, 1 part monomer and
0.5cc plasticizer is usually recommended. The plasticizer should
be added to the monomer.
The ingredients are mixed to form a gel, which is applied in
sufficient thickness to the tissue surface of the denture.
The denture is inserted and border movememts are carried out
to mould the setting material.

13. Care & maintenance
Tissue conditioners should not be cleaned by scrubbing with a
hard brush in order to prevent tearing of the material. The use of
soft brush under running water is recommended.
The greatest virtue of tissue conditioners is their versatility and
ease of use.
The biggest flaw is that they are also misused.
Their longevity against wear is very limited and they tend to
harden and roughen within 4 to 8 weeks due to the loss of
plasticizer. Hence, they require observation.

14. Conclusion
Although tissue conditioners can be easily used but the
prolonged contact of these bases may elicit changes in the
underlying tissues, they may traumatize the oral tissues.

15. References
Boucher’s Prosthodontic Treatment For Edentulous Patients –
George A. Zarb, Charles L. Bolender, Gunnar E. Carlsson
Essentials of Complete Denture Prosthodontics – Sheldon
Winkler
Prosthodontics for Elderly – Ejvind Budtz, Jorgensen, Dr. Odont