Enviromentalhealth hygiene

1. Environmental Health 1
By:Othman adil

2. 2Environmental Health
• Planet supplies us with: food, water, air, and everything
that sustains our life.
• Historically environmental health focused on preventing
infectious diseases spread by water, waste, food,
rodents, and insects.
• Expansion of the modern day definition.
• Encompassing all the interactions of humans with their
environment and the health consequences of these
interactions.

3. Water Pollution
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Causes:
• Rapid growth of human population
• Industrial outputs
Contaminants:
• toxic chemicals
• human and animal excrements
• heavy metals
• pesticides
• silt
• fertilizers
Sources of pollution:
• Point sources
• Non-point sources

4. Groundwater
• Groundwater resources are valuable:
– Purity
– Dependability
– Costs of Transportation
– Treatment costs
• Groundwater pollution:
– Waste storage, treatment or disposal facilities
– Septic systems
– Pipes, materials transport and transfer operation
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5. 5Water Contaminants
• 1. Biological
• Bacteria : Typhoid fever, Cholera, Shigella (dysentery), Salmonella and E. coli
• Viruses: Hepatitis A, poliomyelitis and Rotavirus.
– Resistant to disinfection by chlorination
• Protozoans: Giardia Lambia, Cryptosporidium, amoebic dysentery.
– Resistant to disinfection by chlorination
• 2. Chemical
• Industrial solvents, pesticides
• Lead
• Nitrates

6. 6Waste Disposal
• Humans generate large amounts of
waste.
• Sewage
• Septic system
• Heavy metal like lead, mercury etc
• Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
• Solid waste
• Garbage like newspapers, plastic bags etc.
• Sanitary landfill

7. Why does sewage need to be treated? 7
• To improve the quality of wastewater so it can be
discharged in waterways without seriously
disrupting the aquatic environment or causing
human health problems.

8. 8Recreational Waters
In the year 2000, there were 1,266 beach closings, in Southern
California, 92% due to elevated bacteria of undetermined causes.
The remaining 8% was due to rain advisories and known sewage
discharge.

9. 9Global Air Pollution Issues
• Major causes:
• Introduction of atmospheric pollutants in unusual amounts
• Changing the concentrations of natural atmospheric components
• Significant impacts:
1. Ozone depletion
2. Global warming

10. 10Air Pollution in Los Angeles
• We have some of the worst air in the nation, and
the highest number of emergency visits caused by
smog and air pollution
• Air pollution contributes to heart disease, lung
disease, asthma and lung cancer

11. Air Pollutants with Greatest Impact
on Health
Outdoor
• Ozone
• Carbon monoxide
• Airborne particles
• Nitrogen oxides
• Lead
• Sulfur oxides
• Diesel emissions
Indoor
• Smoking
• Mold
• Dust mites
• Radon gas
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12. Solid Wastes
Classification
• Municipal
• Hazardous
Disposal methods
• Unacceptable
• Acceptable
• Alternatives

13. 13Factors That Contribute to
Population Growth
• High fertility rates
• Lack of family planning resources
• Lower death rates
• Population

14. Any Questions !!
•Thank You
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