1. QUESTION FORMS DIRECT QUESTIONS Yes/No questions (which posible answers can be yes or no) Most of the verbs needs to use the auxiliary do/does/did to make the questions. Did you go to the school yesterday? 2) Verbs withbe, can and have(g0t) don’tneed the auxiliary do/does/did. Isshewatching TV? Can you lend me the computer? Have you spendall the money? 3)Negative Yes/No questions expect a particular answer. Didn’t he do the homework? Aren’t you flying to USA? Hasn’t he sleepfor a while?
2. WH-QUESTIONS Questionwords (who, what, where, when, why, which, how) at the beginning of the question. Whendid you go to Australia? 2)Ifwho, what or which is the subjectwedon’tneeddo/does/did. Whoisyourfather? 3) Ifthereis a prepositionit comes at the end of the question. Whatisthatfor? ALTERNATIVE QUESTIONS Which expect the answer to be one of twooptions. Do you want a car or a motorbike?
3. PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE, TIME AND MOVEMENT. TIME at/in/on AT 10:30 am ON Monday PLACE at/in/on AT the school ON the internet MOVEMENT at/to/into/towards Wemet AT the bookstore The dogwasrunning TOWARDS me
4. PRESENT SIMPLE POSITIVE STATEMENTS I/you/we/theyrun a marathon He/she/itruns a marathon PRESENT CONTINUOS The presentform of be + the ingform of the verb I thinkhe’s training for the nextchampionship Are you makingbrowniesforall in the class?
5. MODIFIERS FAIRLY. Itdoesnotsuggest a highdegree. The computerisfairlyfastbutnotenoughfor me. QUITE. Suggest a higherdegreethanfairly. The computeris quite fastfor me, so it can be a posibility PRETTY. Isstrongerthan quite. The computerisprettyfast, so is the perfectchoicefor me. A BIT. Is use with the samemeanign as a little Thatcomputeris a bit more fastthan the otherone. REALLY. Is use to show emphasis I reallylikethat sexy girl. EXTREMELY. It’salsoused to show emphasis He wasextemely in lovewithher, but no more
6. TYPES OF COMPARISON TO A HIGHER DEGREE. (comparativeform + than) Culiacanisbetterthananyother place TO THE SAME DEGREE. (as…as) NY cityis as sprawling as Mexico City. TO A LOWER DEGREE.(withless + than and the least) Sheislessgood at the guitar as herfriend. (NOT) AS…AS. Is’t use to compare things which are different. Sheisnot as polite as sheused to be AS…AS.It’s use to compare thingswich are the same. Juan is as short as Melanie.
7. REFLEXIVES & OWN MYSELF/ITSELF/HIMSELF/HERSELF/YOURSELF/ THEMSELVES/OURSELVES I takemyself to the party cause my momdoesn’twant to gave me a ride. He studybyhimself. OWN. (ON MY OWN, ON HIS OWN, ON HER OWN, ETC.) I did the wholeworkon my own He round the whole country onhisown
8. NARRATIVE TENSES PAST SIMPLE. (verb + ~ed) I went to the movies yesterday PAST CONTINUOS. (was/were+ ~ing) I waswatching the movie PAST PERFECT SIMPLE. (had+ pastparticiple) I told you that i has gone to USA. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOS. (hadbeen + ~ing) I hadbeenworking at Domino’s Pizza for 4 months.
9. TIME CONJUNCTIONS AS. As i wasfixing my car, someonecalled at the door WHILE. While i wasfixing my car, someonewascalling at the door. WHEN When i wasfixing my car, someonecalled at the door. EVENTUALLY/FINALLY After 3 hours, finally the eventends AT FIRST/TO BEGIN WITH At first the school wasfunnybutnowisboring AS SOON AS As soon as i finishthisworki’mgoing to study.
10. AFTER/AFTERWARDS I’mgoing to take a rest and afterwardsi’mgoing to the party. AFTER THAT I waslookingfor a whitet~shirt, afterthat i went to the cinemma. BY THE TIME I wasarriving to the partyby the time you weretaking a shower.
11. MODALS CAN. (we use can to askforpermission) Can i go to the bathroom? COULD. (we use could to askforpermissionwhen you are notsurewhat the answerwill be) A:Could i go to the partymom? B: we’llsee MAY. (we use to askforpermissionon formal modes) May i take you a picturefor a webside? OUGHT TO/SHOULD. (we use it to talk about obligations and dutieson the future) Shouldwebringsomethingfor the party? MUST. (we use it to talk about strongobligations) You muststudyfortomorrow’sexam.
12. NEEDN’T/DON’T NEED/DON’T HAVE TO (we use it to talk about a lack of obligation in the future) You don’tneed to bringyourcoursebook, you won’tneedit.
13. USED TO AND WOULD USED TO POSITIVE STATEMENTS (USED TO + INFINITIVE) I used to play the guitar 2 hours per day, butnow i playitonly 30 minutes per day NEGATIVE STATEMENTS (DID/DIDN’T + USE TO + INFINITIVE) I dind’t use to play the guitar since i was 10 WOULD. (is use to talk about pasthabits and repeatedactionsbutnotabout paststates) When my brotherwas 6 i would go forhim to the school. When i was 8 i would go to elementary school
