Lesson4 slideshow

Lesson 4: Shooting Fundamentals


Composition is the spatial arrangement
of visual elements in a work of art.


Composition is the
spatial arrangement of visual elements
in a work of art.


Composition

is the spatial arrangement of visual elements in a work of art.


Composition
Exercise:

Arrange a round object, a square object and two
long objects a create an interesting photographic
or video composition with them.


Composition
Exercise:


Composition
Exercise:

Find a curved object and do the same.


Composition
Exercise:

Find a curved object and do the same.

Now ﬁnd two lines that intersect and
create a composition with them.


Look at the horizon, and try different ways of dividing the space.


Framing
is the act of creating
a boundary between
what the ﬁlmmaker
chooses to show the
audience, and what
happens beyond the
view of the camera.

Paying close
attention to your
framing allows you
to create a more
pleasing image,
while keeping the
focus on the subject.


Framing can add depth to the image,
give context, and add information to
the picture.

Terry Henderson


Terry Henderson

Sometimes a natural frame can be
found within the environment you
are shooting, such as trees, clouds, a
tunnel or an archway.


Rule of Thirds

The rule of thirds is a compositional
guideline that states that an image
should be thought of as divided into nine
equal parts...


Rule of Thirds

...by two equally-spaced
horizontal lines and two
equally-spaced vertical lines.


Important compositional
elements, or the subject Rule of Thirds
of the image, should be
placed along these lines,
or at their intersections.


Camera
dddd perspective
can be thought of as the point from which
the photo or the ﬁlm is being shot in
relation to the subject that you are shooting.
Neutral Angle High Angle

Jennifer Serchia


Camera
dddd perspective
This is the place that you are choosing to view your
can be thought of as the point from which
subject from. This can also be referred to as camera
the photo or the ﬁlm is being shot in
angle; you can use a low angle, a high angle, or an
relation to the subject that you are shooting.
overhead angle to name a few.
Neutral Angle High Angle

Jennifer Serchia


a

shot is a continuous series of frames,
running for an uninterrupted period of time,
and coming from one camera.


a

shot is a continuous series of frames,
running for an uninterrupted period of time,
and coming from one camera.

TIP: When you ﬁnd a shot that you like, hold on it for 10 or more
seconds. This increases the the chance of capturing an interesting action
and will also give you more footage to work with, making editing easier.


a
master shows the full scene and places the
shot
subject in relationship to its surroundings. It is
the widest view of the scene.

Anto Motulz


a
medium
shot falls between a wide shot and a close-
up shot, andsubject in relationship to its surroundings. It is
can cover the full subject or part of the subject
in orderthe draw attentionthe scene.
to widest view of to a speciﬁc area or action.

Gina Nemirofsky


in a
close-up
shot the subject framed by the camera
ddddddddddddd generally ﬁlls theto its surroundings. It is
subject in relationship entire screen.
te widest view of the scene.

Richard Clark


an
extreme close-up
shot shows a fragment of a subject. It is a
way to signify the in relationship to its surroundings. It is
subject importance of an object, the movement
of a body widestor an actionscene. place in a scene.
the part, view of the taking

Tristan Bayer


What camera will I use?

You, or people you know, may have a camera
that you can use on 10.10.10.


It is important that you get to know how to
use this camera before 10.10.10. Please take
out your cameras and investigate them.


Here’s a list of questions that you
can answer about your camera to
help you better understand what it
can do and how best to use it:


1) Does your camera have the following?
On/Off button


On/Off button

Start/Stop button


On/Off button

Start/Stop button

Tape Dock or Card Dock


On/Off button

Start/Stop button


LCD screen or viewﬁnder


On/Off button

Start/Stop button



Record button


On/Off button

Start/Stop button



Record button

Menu Button


On/Off button

Start/Stop button



Record button

Menu Button

White Balance Button


On/Off button

Start/Stop button



Record button

Menu Button


Exposure Button


On/Off button

Start/Stop button



Record button

Menu Button


Exposure Button

Display Button


On/Off button Zoom Button or Knob
Start/Stop button



Record button

Menu Button


Exposure Button

Display Button



Start/Stop button Focus Button or Knob


Record button

Menu Button


Exposure Button

Display Button




Tape Dock or Card Dock Microphone Jack

Record button

Menu Button


Exposure Button

Display Button





Headphone Jack
Record button

Menu Button


Exposure Button

Display Button





Headphone Jack
Record button
Battery
Menu Button


Exposure Button

Display Button





Headphone Jack
Record button
Battery
Menu Button

White Balance Button AC adaptor/Power cord

Exposure Button

Display Button





Headphone Jack
Record button
Battery
Menu Button


Exposure Button
Lens Cap
Display Button


Journal: Make a list of anything you ﬁnd on the camera that’s
not on the list. Next to the name, write what you think it’s for.



Headphone Jack
Record button
Battery
Menu Button


Exposure Button
Lens Cap
Display Button


Experiment with your camera:
Zoom

Dave ShaLuck

Certain lenses are designed in such a way that their focal lengths can
be changed, making subjects appear closer (zoom in) or farther away
(zoom out).

Zoom

Dave ShaLuck

Generally this is a sliding button on a video camera, a button or
manual adjustment on your SLR camera.

Zoom

Dave ShaLuck

Exercise:
Turn your camera on and point it at a subject. Find your zoom
button or knob and push it, watch as your camera zooms in and
out.

Focus

Tristan Bayer


Focus

Tristan Bayer

Your lens can be adjusted to make an image distinct and clear by
shifting the distance of the lens from the subject.


Focus

Tristan Bayer

A subject that is in focus will have sharp, crisp edges. A subject that
is out of focus will be blurry.


AutoFocus
Auto focus allows the camera to automatically adjust the
focus for you.


ManualFocus
Manual focus allows the user to adjust focus. When
working with shifting light or off-center compositions,
manual focus is best.


Exercise:
Point your camera at a subject, zoom in
as close as you can, and then focus
manually by adjusting with your manual
focus button or knob. Zoom back out
and everything should look sharp and in
focus. This is called critical focus.


White Balance
To make sure that your footage best matches the
real life light and colors of your subject, you
must set the white balance on your camera.


White Balance
White Balance adjusts the sensor in your camera to
perceive light from different sources the way your eye
perceives those colors.


White Balance
Daylight:

Bernard M Lynch Jr: OrangeMercury.com

White Balance adjusts the the sensor in your camera
to perceive light from different sources the way your
eye perceives those colors...

White Balance
Fluorescent:

Noemi Preiswerk


White Balance
Tungsten:

Javier Pistani


Exposure
Exposure is a term that refers to the total amount of light that is allowed
to fall on the image sensor during the process of taking a photograph or
video.


Exposure
The purpose of adjusting exposure is to control the
brightness and the darkness of the image.


Exposure
Underexposed Properly Exposed Overexposed

Jennifer Serchia


Sound
Sound is an important element in your video. Most
video cameras have built in microphones. For be<er
sound, you can plug a external microphone into your
camera’s audio jack.


Sound

Exercise:
Find out what sound options your camera has. Does your
camera have levels? If it does, adjust for sound levels. Red is
the peak, and if it sounds distorted the levels are set too high.

Tripod
A tripod is a three-legged stand
used to provide the stability to hold
a camera.


Handheld
If you don’t have a tripod, then you
will be shooting handheld footage.


Handheld
Exercise:
Try holding the camera and moving around with it.
How can you best stabilize the camera so that the
image appears still? How can you give your shot a
smooth ﬂoating quality? Try to hold the camera still
and focused on one point for 10 seconds.


Panning and Tilting

Panning refers to the horizontal rotaOon of a camera that changes the ﬁeld of view
from side to side. This is usually done with the aid of a tripod.


Panning and Tilting

Tilt refers to the verOcal rotaOon of a staOonary camera that changes the ﬁeld of
view along a front to back access.


Journal:
What kind of coverage do you need for
your topic on 10.10.10? How many
cameras will you use? What type of shots
will you use to cover the topic?


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