1. Oil Tankers
MADE BY: UNDER SUPERVISION OF:
• ABDULLAH ADEL SAWMAA 1110 CAPTAIN. AHMED GEITH
• ABDULRAHMAN ABDELHAMID 11104766
• AHMED REDA 11105603
• AMR ALAA GAD 11104820
• OMAR MAHMOUD EL-SAYED 11102234
• RASHAD OUDA 11105124

2. Table of contents
 Types of oil tankers
 History
 The supertanker ear
 Size categories

3. Types of oil tankers
 Is a merchant ship designed for the bulk transport of oil. There are two
basic types of oil tankers: the crude tanker and the product tanker.
 Crude tankers move large quantities of unrefined crude oil from its point of
extraction to refineries.
 Product tankers, generally much smaller, are designed to move refined
products from refineries to points near consuming markets

4. Longest ship ever built

5. History of Oil Tankers
 In the early 1850s, oil began to be exported from Upper Burma, then a British colony. The
oil was moved in earthenware vessels to the river bank where it was then poured into
boat holds for transportation to Britain
 In the 1860s, Pennsylvania oil fields became a major supplier of oil, and a center of
innovation, Break-bulk boats and barges were originally used to transport Pennsylvania oil
in 40-US-gallon (150 l) wooden barrels. But transport by barrel had several problems
because of its weight and cost, it reach to the half cost of oil production
 In 1863, two sail-driven tankers were built on England's River Tyne. These were followed in
1873 by the first oil-tank steamer, the Vaderland, which was built by Palmers Shipbuilding
and Iron Company for Belgian owners
 The modern oil tanker was developed in the period from 1877 to 1885. In 1876, Ludvig and
Robert Nobel, brothers of Alfred Nobel, founded Branobel (short for Brothers Nobel) in
Azerbaijan. It was one of the largest oil companies in the world

6. Zoroaster the world's first tanker for
Nobel brothers

7. The supertanker era
 Until 1956, tankers were designed to be able to navigate the Suez Canal
 the ultra-large crude carriers (ULCC) built in the 1970s were over 1,300 feet (400 m) long
and had a capacity of 500,000 DWT
 In 1955 the World's largest supertanker was 30,708 GRT[26] and 47,500 LT DWT
 In 1958 United States shipping magnate Daniel K. Ludwig broke the record of 100,000 long
tons of heavy displacement. His Universe Apollo displaced 104,500 long tons, a 23% increase
from the previous record-holder, Universe Leader which also belonged to Ludwig
 The world's largest supertanker was built in 1979 at the Oppama. This ship was built with a
capacity of 564,763 DWT, a length overall of 458.45 metres (1,504.1 ft) and a draft of 24.611
metres (80.74 ft). She had 46 tanks, 31,541 square metres (339,500 sq ft) of deck, and at her
full load draft, could not navigate the English Channel.
 As of 2011, the world's two largest working supertankers are the TI class supertankersTI
Europe and TI Oceania. These ships were built in 2002 and 2003

8. Size categories
AFRA Scale Flexible Market Scale
Class Size in DWT Class Size in DWT New Price Used Price
General Purpose
tanker
10,000–24,999 Product tanker 10,000–60,000
$43M $42.5M
Medium Range
tanker
25,000–44,999 Panamax 60,000–80,000
LR1 (Large Range 1) 45,000–79,999 Aframax 80,000–120,000
$60.7M $58M
LR2 (Large Range 2) 80,000–159,999 Suezmax 120,000–200,000
VLCC (Very Large
Crude Carrier)
160,000–319,999 VLCC 200,000–320,000
$120M $116M
ULCC (Ultra Large
Crude Carrier)
320,000–549,999
Ultra Large Crude
Carrier
320,000–550,000

9. PANAMAX AND HANDYSIZE
 These tankers are primarily used for both the transportation of crude oil and petroleum products.
 Panamax tankers have displacement between 50,000 and 80,000 dwt and trade in short haul.
 Handysize tankers have displacement between 50,000 and 10,000 dwt. They primarily carry finished
petroleum products as their smaller size makes them less economic for the transport of crude.
 General Maritime currently owns a fleet of 2 Panamax and 4 Handysize vessels.

10. AFRAMAX
 Aframax vessels are mid-size tankers with
displacement between 80,000 and 120,000
metric tons.
 Aframax vessels typically engage in medium
to short haul oil trades in nearly all operating
regions and can carry cargos of 80,000 to
120,000 dwt.
 Widely considered to be the work horses of
the fleet, their size makes them ideally suited
to operate in areas of lower crude production
or where draft and size restrictions prevent the
use of larger vessels.
 General Maritime currently owns and
operates a fleet of 12 Aframax tankers.

11. SUEZMAX
 Suezmax are midsized tankers with
displacement between 120,000 and 200,000
dwt.
 Suezmax tankers offer the relative economies
of scale that can be achieved with VLCCs;
however, their slightly smaller size offers
increased versatility and access to a majority
of the world’s ports.
 Suezmax tankers primarily operate in the
Atlantic Basin delivering cargoes from West
Africa, the North Sea, and the former FSU.
 General Maritime currently owns and operates
a fleet of 11 Suezmax vessels.

12. ULCCS (ULTRA LARGE CRUDE CARRIER) AND
VLCCS (VERY LARGE CRUDE CARRIER)
 These are the largest vessels in the world tanker fleet.
 They carry cargos of 200,000 dwt or greater and typically transport oil in
long-haul trades mainly from the Arabian Gulf to Western Europe and the
United States via the Cape of Good Hope and Asia.

13. Hellespont Alhambra
 (now TI Asia), a ULCC TI class supertanker, which are the largest ocean-going oil tankers in the world

14. Thank You