Why, What and How of OER. Educational trends and how Open Education can help address these. Copyright and Open Licensing. Getting Started with an OER project.

1. Open Education:
Building the future of education
Mary Lou Forward
Executive Director
Open Education Consortium
www.oeconsortium.org
mlforward@oeconsortium.org
Unless otherwise indicated, this presentation is licensed CC-BY 4.0

2. What, why & how of Open Education
• Changing needs & trends in Higher Education
• Importance of open education in addressing these needs
• Copyright and Creative Commons licenses
• Impact of Open Education
• Using OER
• Getting started with OER projects
• Strategies for success

3. Why Open Education?

4. Education Is Sharing
The basics

5. Teachers Share With Students
knowledge and skills
feedback
motivation

6. Students Share With Teachers
questions
assignments & assessments
discussions

7. If There Is No Sharing
there is no education
Slides 2-5 adapted from David Wiley www.opencontent.org

8. Education is a renewable resource
It can enrich both those who receive it and those who give it
It can be shared multiple times without being depleted
New generations can build on it and increase its value

9. Trends & Realities
in Global Higher Education

10. Technology
&
The Information Age

11. By OER Africa (CCBY)
By thelampnyc (CCBY-NC-ND)
By Ed Yourdon (CCBY-SA)
The Internet is a powerful tool for sharing
The Internet is a powerful tool for education

12. When these people were teaching, information was scarce
By Luther College Photos http://www.flickr.com/photos/luthercollegearchives/1485877774/ CC-BY-NC-ND

13. Now information is at your fingertips

14. By Matt from London (CCBY)
Role of teachers changing from someone who provides information
to someone who helps make sense of information

15. Globalization

16. evikdpriagung.wordpress.com cc-by-nc-sa

17. By Nathan Matias //www.flickr.com/photos/natematias/7182242996 CC-BY-SA 2.0

18. Increasing Costs
for Learners

20. Source http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-13-368
Figure 1: Estimated Increases in New College Textbook Prices, College Tuition and
Fees, and Overall Consumer Price Inflation, 2002 to 2012
prices grew by 28 percent.

21. $1,207
Average student budget for books and
supplies 2013-2014 academic year
Source http://trends.collegeboard.org/college-pricing/figures-tables/average-estimated-undergraduate-
budgets-2013-14

22. Macroeconomics (5th Edition) by Stephen D. Williamson

23. Source http://www.ucsbstuff.com

24. Source http://www.coursesmart.com/macroeconomics-fifth-edition/stephen-d-williamson/dp/9780132992787

25. Image © from http://www.cnn.com/2013/06/28/showbiz/heat-director-buddy-cop/

26. 2 in 3
Students say they didn’t buy the
textbook because the cost is too high
Source http://www.uspirg.org/reports/usp/fixing-broken-textbook-market

27. 1 in 2
Students say they have taken fewer
courses due to the cost of textbooks
Source http://www.openaccesstextbooks.org/pdf/2012_Florida_Student_Textbook_Survey.pdf

28. Students can’t learn from
materials
they can’t afford
Slides 20-29 adapted from Nicole Allen, SPARC

29. Preparing for the future

30. Source: http://www.tomorrowtoday.co.za copyright unknown

31. Coyright unkown

32. Source: https://kent.ac.uk copyright unknown

33. By USAID_IMAGES (CCBY-NC)
Interconnectedness, changing economies, rapid development =
Education is a necessity, not a luxury

34. Demand & Access

35. 18.1
20.0
22.5
24.0
25.9 27.1
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009
GrossEnrolmentRate.Tertiary(ISCED5&6).Total(%)
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics in EdStats, July 2011
Note: SAS 2009 is 2008 data.
EAP ECA LAC MNA SAS SSA WLD
World Bank, The State of Education, 2011

36. Percentage of population <15

37. http://library.umassmed.edu/omha/american_archives2009/more_photos.html
Q. How many large universities can we build
in the next 5-10 years?

38. Worldwide Participation in Higher Education is
Expected to Grow ~60% by 2025…
2011 2025
Worldwide Participants in Tertiary
Education, 2011 and 2025 Projected
Source: http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/features/a-different-world/2001128.article; OECD indicators Education
at a Glance 2012 and Trends in Global Higher Education: Tracking an Academic Revolution, UNESCO 2009
165M
263M

39. http://library.umassmed.edu/omha/american_archives2009/more_photos.html
Q. How many large universities can we build
in the next 5-10 years?

40. http://library.umassmed.edu/omha/american_archives2009/more_photos.html
Q. How many large universities can we build
in the next 5-10 years?
A. Not enough

41. The time is right for new approaches

42. What is Open Education?
Open Education encompasses resources, tools and
practices that employ a framework of open sharing to
improve educational access and effectiveness worldwide.
Open Education combines the traditions of knowledge
sharing and creation with 21st century technology to
create a vast pool of openly shared educational resources
while harnessing today’s collaborative spirit to develop
educational approaches that are more responsive to
learner’s needs.

43. Open Education Allows
Higher Education
to reconsider approaches
to teaching and learning

44. OER are teaching, learning, and
research materials that permit
their free use and re-purposing by
others
Open Educational Resources (OER)

45. Free
no cost
Open
No cost +
permission to modify
By Adam Bartlett http://www.flickr.com/photos/atbartlett/2432704579/
By Sean MacEntee http://www.flickr.com/photos/smemon/4518528819/

46. Internet
Enables
OER
Allows
sharing and educating at
unprecedented scale

47. Open Licensing & copyright

50. Conditions CC licenses
Attribution
ShareAlike
NonCommercial
NoDerivatives

51. most free
Most restrictive
Slides 50-53 by Creative Commons, CC-BY 3.0

52. What does OER look like?

54. http://ocw.metu.edu.tr/

58. http://phet.colorado.edu/

59. http://sccmath.wordpress.com/mat12x-fall-2014/

60. MOOCs
MOOCs offer fully online courses to anyone without cost to the learner.
These courses are generally large scale, up to thousands of students.
They offer interactivity through frequent, built in assessments and
sometimes peer discussion and guidance from teaching assistants.
Users tend to be already highly educated (surveys indicate +/- 70% already
have at least one post-secondary degree)
Data gathered from users allow interesting research into online learning
habits and preferences.
Content is almost always fully copyrighted.

61. Most MOOCs offer free access, but do not grant permission to modify,
translate, broadcast or re-distribute; they are free, but not open.

62. Example, Coursera terms of service
You may access the course for personal use only, you may not modify or reuse without
permission. Anything you contribute to the course can be used, modified, distributed
by Coursera without notification or further permission from you.
This may be fine if what you want is to follow a free course. However, if you
want to make any modification, use it in a classroom, show content to a
group, etc. you need to get permission as you would with any fully
copyrighted work.

65. Some impacts of OER

70. Source: Boyoung Chae and Mark Jenkins, A Qualitative Investigation of Faculty OER
Usage in the Washington Community and Technical College System, State Board for
Community and Technical Colleges, January 2015 http://goo.gl/dERBtX

72. Goal: Save students $5 Million in 5 Years
https://www2.maricopa.edu/welcome-to-the-maricopa-millions-oer-project

74. Promoting OER with Students

75. Getting Started

76. Remote Marathon, Marines, CC-BY-NC 2.0

77. Berlin Marathon, akiwitz, CC-BY 2.0

78. Shared Values
Express the goals as shared values
• Increase international reputation
• Promote faculty collaboration
• Support faculty creativity and flexibility
• Increase student access

79. Identify Stakeholders
• Chairs and Deans
• Curriculum Committee
• Librarians
• Technologists
• Bookstore
• Students

80. Understand Stakeholders
How do faculty and students
• Create content?
• Find content?
• Share content?
• Interact with content?
• Interact with each other?

81. Create Community
• Start with Stakeholders and shared values
• Work with those who will be champions
• Find their motivations:
“My decision to redesign my course using OER was what I would call an educational
emergency. I was teaching a summer communication class and discovered that only
three students in the course had the textbook. In Tacoma, 70% of the people in the
area are living in extreme poverty. I had to find alternatives for my students to carry
this class”
“OER to me is freedom, freedom from this push towards the norm. I am not a big fan
of having things in locked steps. As the quarter goes on, I am feeling my class, how it
is going and I change on the fly. I always felt constrained by the textbook. I also felt
constrained by certain pedagogy based on the traditional view of what mathematics
classroom is. This freedom from OER gives me new energy, like what can't I do?”
Source: Boyoung Chae and Mark Jenkins, A Qualitative Investigation of Faculty OER Usage
in the Washington Community and Technical College System, January 2015

82. Save Technology Discussions for Later
focus on people & goals
http://www.flickr.com/photos/dou_ble_you/3907358672/

83. Plan for Results
Define and plan to measure your results
• Lower cost for students?
• Greater academic freedom for faculty?
• Increased recognition of the institution?
• Improved learning?
• More collaboration between institutions?

84. Develop Processes
• Include open practices
in professional
development
• Promote open practices
in your department
• Get student input
• Higher administration
support
• Share results
Steep Steps, elycefeliz, CC-BY-NC-ND 2.0

85. Be the Change You Wish to See in the World
Do you:
• Share ideas with your colleagues?
• Openly license your teaching
materials?
• Publish your research in open
access journals?
• Reuse materials created by others?
• Encourage students to gain digital
literacy?
Luis Fernando Reis, CC-BY
https://www.flickr.com/photos/7477245@
5/5112393040

86. CC-BY Relay Race by Akademgorodok
Slides 75-84 Adapted from James Glapa-Grossklag, College of the Canyons

87. Who We Are
The Open Education Consortium is a
worldwide community of hundreds of
higher education institutions and
associated organizations committed to
advancing open education and its impact
on global education.

88. What We Do

91. By Opensourceway http://www.flickr.com/photos/opensourceway/4812651268

92. Thank you!