6. The BBFC regulate how films and DVDs are
marketed and who is allowed to watch and buy
them. Their rating system is as follows:
Governing Body
Universal-Anyone can see it at any age
Parental Guidance-Anyone can see it but parents
are recommended to be present
12A/12-Anyone under the age of 12 must
see it with an adult in the cinema
15-Only people aged 15 and above
can see it
18-Only people over the age of 18
can see it or buy it
7. Warner Brothers
Name: Warner Brothers
Entertainment Inc.
Founded: April 4th 1923
Founders: Albert, Harry,
Sam and Jack Warner
HQ: Burbank, California
Chairman: Barry Meyer
CEO: Kevin Tsujihara
Warner Brothers was started and imaginatively
named by the four Warner brothers, Albert, Harry, Sam and Jack in
1923. Originally, Harry, Albert and Sam, who had a projector, went
to the mining towns of Ohio and Pennsylvania and showed The
Great Train Robbery, which they invested $150 into so that they
could show it. They first started to commission films when they
acquired the rights to a book called My Four Years in Germany and
it was syndicated across the country.
In the 1920s, Sam pushed the founders to include
sound as part of their films, since it was a new idea at the time.
They pioneered the use of soundtrack in films by hiring orchestras
to play live at the film showings.
In 1930, Warner Brothers began to create cartoon
characters that were shown in theatres before, after and around
films. They spawned the now legendary Looney Tunes characters,
some of the most recognisable cartoon characters in history. After
the war, which the cartoons provided great escape from, Warner
was a recognisable force in the film industry, creating stars out of
Doris Day, Lauren Bacall and Humphrey Bogart.
In the late 1940s, Harry Warner’s focus shifted to
the television, starting Warner Television. In the 1950s, Warner
Brothers Records followed. They were part of the production of a
large number of Frank Sinatra’s albums.
In the 60s, 70s and 80s they signed deals with
large names such as George Lucas (who would later create Star
Wars for 20th Century Fox) and the Newman-Redford team.
However, possibly their most critically acclaimed films from that
era came from Stanley Kubrick, who directed 2001, A Clockwork
Orange and Barry Lyndon.
Their acquirement of the rights to most DC
superheroes produced both acclaimed and panned films. Batman
and Robin has frequently been ranked as one of the worst films of
all time but, over 10 years later, The Dark Knight became one of the
most successful movies of all time, along with the phenomenon,
Harry Potter.
The company continues to prosper over 90
years later and 9 of their films have won the Academy
Award for Best Picture.
Target Audience: All Ages
Control Panel
8. {“I hate television. I hate it as much as
peanuts. But I can’t stop eating peanuts.”
Orson Welles
Television
11. Governing Body
In the UK, the company that regulates TV is
Ofcom, who inherited the role that was
originally held mainly by the Broadcasting
Standards Commission and 4 other
companies. They have a set list of rules
which all broadcasting companies
(including radio) must follow.
Click to return to
radio
12. HBO
Founded: 1972
Founded by: Charles Dolan
HQ: New York City, New York
Owned by: Time Warner (Warner Bros)
Originally started by Charles Dolan in the
1960s as Manhattan’s first underground cable television system.
It began broadcasting in 1972 as HBO with the Paul Newman
film Sometimes a Great Notion. Over time, HBO began showing
more and more films, as well as sports and stand-up comedy. It
also broadcast pornographic films in late night slots.
In the 1990s, they started showing original
programming which became popular quickly. The first popular
original HBO show was The Larry Sanders Show, starring Garry
Shandling. Later on in the decade, the channel began
broadcasting Sex and the City which was quite popular but the
big break came when Oz began showing and was seen as a
break from all the original programming so far. Since HBO was
a cable channel, it could broadcast what it wanted so Oz was full
of sex, violence and bad language. This was followed by The
Sopranos in 1999, which is now regarded by many to be one of
the finest TV shows of all time, along with The Wire which
followed in 2002.
Many major and acclaimed series made
their name on HBO, such as Curb Your Enthusiasm, Six Feet
Under, Deadwood, Flight of the Conchords and later, Game of
Thrones, Treme, Boardwalk Empire and True Blood.
It is widely regarded as the show which
paved the way for the current Golden Age of Television,
bringing about the rise of AMC (The Walking Dead, Mad Men,
Breaking Bad) and Showtime (Dexter, Weeds, Homeland).
Control Panel
13. {TV didn’t kill radio, it just added
something new to the mix.
Douglas Coupland
Radio
17. BBC Radio 6 Music
6 Music started as an idea along with Radio 1Xtra and BBC Radio 7
which were all proposed in 2000. They were originally called
Networks X, Y and Z. The station officially started at 7:00 on the
morning of Monday 11th March 2002, with a show that was
presented by comedian Phil Jupitus, with guests including Liz
Kershaw and Gideon Coe, who both went on to present shows on
the station.
The style of the music is more centred towards
rock and alternative music instead of pop (Radio 2), classical
(Radio 3) or spoken word (Radio 4).
They run various shows throughout the entire
day, the longest running of which is Craig Charles’ Funk and Soul
Show. Radcliffe and Maconie also grew in popularity after
moving to 6 Music from Radio 2.
In 2010, it was proposed that the station be closed
but there was an active campaign to stop this happening, which
included a Facebook page with 180,000 members, a Twitter
hashtag campaign and Jarvis Cocker of Pulp (who presented his
own show on 6 Music) publicly speaking out against closure. It
was eventually decided that it would not be closed because of the
reception it received at the time.
It also had a problem in leadership when Lesley
Douglas, then controller, said, in response to changed schedules in
daytime shows, that women had a more emotional connection to
music and that men listened to it more intellectually, leading to
people accusing her of sexist comments. She later resigned over the
Sachsgate row in 2008 from both her role as Radio 2 controller and
6 Music controller.
The station is currently the most listened to
digital-only radio station.
Name: BBC Radio 6 Music
Founded: 11th March 2002
Founders: BBC Radio
HQ: Salford, Manchester
Station Controller: Bob
Shennan
Head of Programmes: James
Stirling
Control Panel
18. {Frankly, despite my horror to the press, I’d love to rise
from the grave and every ten years or so and go buy a
few newspapers.
Luis Bunuel
Print
21. Governing Body
The PCC is the closest thing the print
industry has to a regulating sector. It is
independent and not government run.
People who have problems with something
in print in newspapers, magazines or other
publications complain to the PCC and they
then resolve it by contacting the publishers
and asking them to rectify the problem.
The company was set up because
in 1990 a report was published by David
Calcutt QC about the lack of basic ethics in
journalism in the 1980s so the PCC was set
up to regulate complaints about ethics and
morality in journalism.
They resolve numerous cases
daily against both local and national
publications.
22. News of the World
Name: The News of the World
Founded: 1st October, 1843
Founder: John Browne Bell
HQ: Wapping, London
Editor (at time of closure): Colin Myler
The newspaper was started in 1843 at three pence (around
£1.04 in modern currency) by John Browne Bell as a
broadsheet paper. However, this was changed both in 1981,
when a magazine was included and in 1984, when the overall
style changed as well.
It has had many problems with its
leadership, including when Rupert Murdoch was questioned
by David Frost over publishing parts of a memoir by
Christine Keeler, who had been a figure in a scandal earlier
that year called the Profumo scandal.
They have also had to defend themselves
against libel charges on numerous occasions, against such
people as the Beckhams and Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie.
During the 2000s, the paper used various
illegal techniques to get their information, such as phone-
tapping, which eventually brought about their downfall. Not
only were they investigated by fellow paper The Guardian,
they were eventually revealed to have been part of the
massive phone hacking scandal which struck hundreds of
people across the UK.
Their last ever issue, published in 2011,
simply had the front page “Thank You and Goodbye”
superimposed across a large number of the previous covers
which were popular.
23. {The internet is becoming the town square
for the global village of tomorrow.
Bill Gates
Online
25. Key Roles
Founders
Some of the most famous founders of companies have been
computer programming students who have started the
entire company on their own from small sites. A fair few of
the largest websites in the world have founders who are
under the age of 40, something rare in most other media
companies. Examples include Col Needham (iMDB) and
Reed Hastings (Netflix).
26. Governing Body
The Internet Society (iSoc),
while not the official governing body of
the internet (since it has none) usually put
forward ands support ideas for the
government to put in place to make the
internet safer. They will often support and
promote policies that parts of the
government plan to introduce.
They have started chapters
across the world for various people to
come and put forward ideas, opinions and
problems about the internet. These are
then used across the world for various
governments to put into action.
27. Facebook
Facebook was originally started as a site exclusive
to people in Cambridge Massachusetts by Mark Zuckerberg,
apparently drunk while hacking into the local colleges’ facebooks
(then a term for the list of photos and names of people in the
college). The site would give the user 2 girls and they would then
have to decide which was hotter. This site was called Facemash.
Twins Tyler and Cameron Winklevoss came to
Zuckerberg asking him to design a social networking site. He then
used this idea and made The Facebook, using his friend Eduardo
Saverin’s money. The Winklevoss twins then sued him, along with
Saverin for stealing their idea and diluting his share of the profits,
respectively.
Originally the site was for Harvard colleges. This
was then expanded to European colleges and later the world. It
caught the attention of Sean Parker, the inventor of Napster (a
music sharing website which was sued by Metallica and then shut
down) and he suggested the change from The Facebook to simply
Facebook.
The site is currently the most used social
networking site, with 1.2 billion members. Mark Zuckerberg, for a
time, was the youngest billionaire in the world.