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2. Elements and Organization of
ART

4. Overview of our report..

5. Elements of ART
1. Line
A basic element of art, referring to a continuous
mark, made on a surface, by a moving point. It is
man’s own invention but does not exist in nature.
The artist uses lines to imitate or to represent
objects and figures on a flat surface.

6. Types of Lines
 Horizontal Line
 It creates an impression of peacefulness and perfect stability.
 Vertical Line
 It appears balance and stable.
 We generally feel that a straight tree is a strong one, or that
the person who stands tall is one who has confidence in
himself.
 Diagonal Line
 It implies action.
 A man who is running bends forward and thus assumes a
diagonal position.

8. Elements of ART
2. Shape
It is an enclosed space, the boundaries of which
are defined by other elements of art. They can be
used to simplify ideas.
Limited into two dimensions: length and width

10. Types of Shape
 Natural Shapes
 those we see in nature, such as shapes of men, animals, or
trees. Natural shapes may be interpreted realistically, or they
may be distorted.

11. Natural Shape

12.  Abstract Shapes
 formed after the artist has drawn out the essence of the
original object and made it the subject of his work.

14.  Non-Objective Shapes
 show geometric shapes which seldom have reference to
recognizable objects, but most often they show a similarity to
some organic forms.

16. Elements of ART
3. Form
It is a three-dimensional geometrical figure (i.e.:
sphere, cube, cylinder, cone, etc.), as opposed to
a shape, which is two-dimensional, or flat.
It allows us as viewers to mentally capture the
work and understand it.

18. Example of Form
 Viewing Leonardo's Mona Lisa, the formal elements
therein are:
color, dimension, lines, mass, shape, etc., while the
feelings of mystery and intrigue the piece evokes
are informal products of the viewer's imagination.
 A sculptor, by default, has to have
both form and space in a sculpture, because these
elements are three-dimensional. They can also be
made to appear in two-dimensional works through
the use of perspective and shading.

19. Elements of ART
4. Space
Refers to distances or areas around, between or
within components of a piece. It can be positive (white
or light) or negative (black or dark), open
or closed, shallow or deep and two-
dimensional or three-dimensional. Sometimes space
isn't actually within a piece, but the illusion of it is.

21. Elements of ART
5. Texture
Shows whether the surface is rough or smooth. A
piece of sculpture, a building and a painting may
have texture which we can describe in much the
same way.

23. Elements of ART
6. Value
Refers to the lightness or darkness of a color. Value
becomes critical in a work which has no colors other
than black, white, and a gray scale.
For a great example of value in action, think of a
black and white photograph. You can easily visualize
how the infinite variations of gray suggest planes and
textures.

26. Elements of ART
7. Color
Element of art that is produced when
light, striking an object, is reflected back to the eye.

29. 3 Properties to Color
 Hue
 Simply means the name we give to a color
(red, yellow, blue, etc.).
 Intensity
 Refers to the strength and vividness of the color. For
example, we may describe the color blue as "royal"
(bright, rich, vibrant) or "dull" (grayed).
 Value
 Meaning its lightness or darkness. The terms shade and tint
are in reference to value changes in colors.

30. Principles of Design
 Harmony
 Refers to the adaptation of the visual elements to each other, the agreement
between the parts of a composition which result in unity.
 Variety
 It may be achieved through repetition. However, too much repetition easily
results in monotony; hence, the principle of variety is needed to prevent this.
 Rhythm
 Is continuance, a flow or a feeling of movement achieved by the repetition of
regular visual units
 Proportion
 Deals with the ratio of one part to another and of the parts to the whole. It
implies a comparison between parts. It is expressed in size, number, and
position.
 Balance
 A feeling of equality in weight, attention, or attraction of the various elements. It
is inherent in nature. We see balance in the human body.