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Open Access in Asia
David Swinbanks
Managing Director, ANZ, Macmillan Science & Education
Managing Director, Regional Markets/Science & Medical Communications, NPG
Nobuko Miyairi
Consultant/Analyst, Asia-Pacific, NPG
15th Fiesole Collection Development Retreat
August 13, 2013
2
OA mandate is still a long way to go
in Asia.
3
OA mandate status
0
50
100
150
200
250
Proposed Sub-Institutional Mandate
Proposed Institutional Mandate
Multi-Institutional Mandate
Proposed Multi-Institutional Mandate
Proposed Funder Mandate
Sub-Institutional Mandate
Funder Mandate
Thesis Mandate
Institutional Mandate
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
India
China
Japan
Indonesia
Asia
Sub-Institutional
Mandate
Proposed Funder
Mandate
Proposed Multi-
Institutional
Mandate
Thesis Mandate
Institutional
Mandate
Advanced Search ROARMAP: Registry of Open Access Repositories Mandatory Archiving Policies
http://roarmap.eprints.org/
4
Publishers in Asia are actively
publishing OA journals.
5
6
Laakso, M. & Björk, B.-C. Anatomy of open access publishing: a study of longitudinal development and internal structure. BMC
medicine 10, 124 (2012).
7
Laakso, M. & Björk, B.-C. Anatomy of open access publishing: a study of longitudinal development and internal structure. BMC
medicine 10, 124 (2012).
8
Open Access @ NPG
10
34
1 1 1 1 1 3
9
15
16
2 3 3
15
40
45
47
47
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
OA Hybrid
1111
14 48
108 90 131 125
216
18 69
116 137
183
267
491
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
# Papers
OA non-OA
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
2010 2011 2012 2013
Top 10 countries publishing in Nature
Communications, 2010-2013 July
USA
UK
Japan
Germany
China
France
Switzerland
Canada
Netherlands
Australia
Italy
1212
26
179
274
518
1030
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
# Papers
OA
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
2011 2012 2013
Top 10 countries publishing in Scientific
Reports, 2011-2013 July
USA
China
Japan
UK
Germany
Italy
France
Spain
Australia
Canada
13
China is more active than Japan in
OA publishing.
14
Article count (July 2013)
Japan China
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Nature
Nature
Communications
Scientific Reports
Nature Genetics
Nature Materials
Nature Physics
Nature Cell Biology
Nature Neuroscience
Nature Medicine
Nature Immunology
Nature Structural &
Molecular Biology
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Nature
Nature
Communications
Scientific Reports
Nature Genetics
Nature Materials
Nature Cell Biology
Nature Physics
Nature
Nanotechnology
Nature Medicine
Nature Neuroscience
Nature Structural &
Molecular Biology
15
Article count with CC>=0.5 (July 2013)
Japan China
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Nature
Nature
Communications
Scientific Reports
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Nature
Nature
Communications
Scientific Reports
16
Article count (2013 extrapolated)
Japan China
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Nature
Nature
Communications
Scientific Reports
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Nature
Nature
Communications
Scientific Reports
17
Authors in China and Japan are
more receptive to OA publishing.
18
Nature Publishing Group surveys
authors every year, and in
January 2013 asked questions
about OA activity and attitudes.
NPG received over 23,000
responses to this survey, and
respondents were comprised of a
mix of authors published in NPG-
journals and non-NPG journals
alike.
Some clear differences emerged
between authors based in China
and Japan and those based in
the US and Europe. Firstly, it was
suspected that authors in China
and Japan tended to have budget
allocated within their grant for
publication costs – this did indeed
to be more common than in the
US and Europe.
19
Those authors who had published under an OA model were asked why.
Authors from China and Japan were much more likely to give ‘publishing’
reasons for choosing OA – believing that an OA paper would receive
more citations, be read more widely and be published faster.
20
Those authors who had not published OA were asked why not. It is
apparent that awareness of OA is much greater in the US and
Europe, and that concerns about perceptions of quality seemed to be
highest in the US.
2121
• There is stronger support in the scientific community
and more funds available for OA in Asia despite lack
of government mandates.
• This translates to unusually high numbers of OA
papers in Nature Communications and Scientific
Reports from Japan and in particular China.
• Frustrations over lack of visibility of Asian research in
the West and a belief that OA will increase visibility
may be driving Asian (Japan and China) scientists to
publish OA with more determination than their
Western colleagues.
22
thanks

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20130813 Nobuko Miyairi @ the 15th Fiesole collection development retreat

  • 1. Open Access in Asia David Swinbanks Managing Director, ANZ, Macmillan Science & Education Managing Director, Regional Markets/Science & Medical Communications, NPG Nobuko Miyairi Consultant/Analyst, Asia-Pacific, NPG 15th Fiesole Collection Development Retreat August 13, 2013
  • 2. 2 OA mandate is still a long way to go in Asia.
  • 3. 3 OA mandate status 0 50 100 150 200 250 Proposed Sub-Institutional Mandate Proposed Institutional Mandate Multi-Institutional Mandate Proposed Multi-Institutional Mandate Proposed Funder Mandate Sub-Institutional Mandate Funder Mandate Thesis Mandate Institutional Mandate 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 India China Japan Indonesia Asia Sub-Institutional Mandate Proposed Funder Mandate Proposed Multi- Institutional Mandate Thesis Mandate Institutional Mandate Advanced Search ROARMAP: Registry of Open Access Repositories Mandatory Archiving Policies http://roarmap.eprints.org/
  • 4. 4 Publishers in Asia are actively publishing OA journals.
  • 5. 5
  • 6. 6 Laakso, M. & Björk, B.-C. Anatomy of open access publishing: a study of longitudinal development and internal structure. BMC medicine 10, 124 (2012).
  • 7. 7 Laakso, M. & Björk, B.-C. Anatomy of open access publishing: a study of longitudinal development and internal structure. BMC medicine 10, 124 (2012).
  • 9. 10 34 1 1 1 1 1 3 9 15 16 2 3 3 15 40 45 47 47 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 OA Hybrid
  • 10. 1111 14 48 108 90 131 125 216 18 69 116 137 183 267 491 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 # Papers OA non-OA 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 2010 2011 2012 2013 Top 10 countries publishing in Nature Communications, 2010-2013 July USA UK Japan Germany China France Switzerland Canada Netherlands Australia Italy
  • 11. 1212 26 179 274 518 1030 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 # Papers OA 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 2011 2012 2013 Top 10 countries publishing in Scientific Reports, 2011-2013 July USA China Japan UK Germany Italy France Spain Australia Canada
  • 12. 13 China is more active than Japan in OA publishing.
  • 13. 14 Article count (July 2013) Japan China 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Nature Nature Communications Scientific Reports Nature Genetics Nature Materials Nature Physics Nature Cell Biology Nature Neuroscience Nature Medicine Nature Immunology Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Nature Nature Communications Scientific Reports Nature Genetics Nature Materials Nature Cell Biology Nature Physics Nature Nanotechnology Nature Medicine Nature Neuroscience Nature Structural & Molecular Biology
  • 14. 15 Article count with CC>=0.5 (July 2013) Japan China 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Nature Nature Communications Scientific Reports 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Nature Nature Communications Scientific Reports
  • 15. 16 Article count (2013 extrapolated) Japan China 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Nature Nature Communications Scientific Reports 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Nature Nature Communications Scientific Reports
  • 16. 17 Authors in China and Japan are more receptive to OA publishing.
  • 17. 18 Nature Publishing Group surveys authors every year, and in January 2013 asked questions about OA activity and attitudes. NPG received over 23,000 responses to this survey, and respondents were comprised of a mix of authors published in NPG- journals and non-NPG journals alike. Some clear differences emerged between authors based in China and Japan and those based in the US and Europe. Firstly, it was suspected that authors in China and Japan tended to have budget allocated within their grant for publication costs – this did indeed to be more common than in the US and Europe.
  • 18. 19 Those authors who had published under an OA model were asked why. Authors from China and Japan were much more likely to give ‘publishing’ reasons for choosing OA – believing that an OA paper would receive more citations, be read more widely and be published faster.
  • 19. 20 Those authors who had not published OA were asked why not. It is apparent that awareness of OA is much greater in the US and Europe, and that concerns about perceptions of quality seemed to be highest in the US.
  • 20. 2121 • There is stronger support in the scientific community and more funds available for OA in Asia despite lack of government mandates. • This translates to unusually high numbers of OA papers in Nature Communications and Scientific Reports from Japan and in particular China. • Frustrations over lack of visibility of Asian research in the West and a belief that OA will increase visibility may be driving Asian (Japan and China) scientists to publish OA with more determination than their Western colleagues.