Social Studies for GCE 'O' Level Examination.

1. SOCIAL STUDIES - SEC 4
CHAPTER 2: SUSTAINING ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Key Driving Forces of Globalisation
Factor Explanation
Developments in 1. Transport systems are the means by which people, materials, and
Transportation and products are transferred from one place to another.
Communications
2. Communications are the means by which information is transmitted
from place to place in the form of ideas, instructions and images.
Transportation Communications
3. Improvements in this field has 6. Improvements in technology has
‘shrunk’ the world considerably. made communications among
people around the world faster
4. Less time is required to travel
and more convenient.
from place to place.
7. People can communicate via
5. It has also greatly simplified the
telephone, electronic mail, fax
transfer of goods from one
and video conferencing.
mode of transportation to
another. 8. Satellite technology has also
enabled messages to be sent to
different parts of the world
simultaneously.
9. Internet has enabled consumers
to access information easily, as
well as purchase items online.
10.TNCs can also coordinate and
control their worldwide activities
easily.
Transnational 11. TNCs are large global firms that operate in a number of countries
Corporations (TNCs) and have production or service facilities outside the country of their
origin.
12. Examples are Microsoft Corporation and Toyota Motor Corporation.
13. They set up their operations in different parts of the world.
14. Some reasons are to source for new markets and lower cost of
production.
15. These are coordinated by headquarters which are located in their
country of origin.
16. They also source for components from around the world before
assembling their final product in another country.
17. As such, economies around the world would have become more
integrated.
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