This document discusses Brunei culture and tourism. It defines culture and outlines the seven fundamental aspects of life that encompass culture, including social, economic, political, knowledge/techniques, arts, philosophy, and religion. Culture represents the way of life of a society and includes rules, diversity, norms and values, and rituals. Brunei culture is reflected through tangible aspects like buildings, cuisine, costumes, games, dances, accessories, and non-tangible aspects like weddings and celebrations. The document also discusses Brunei's Melayu Islam Beraja philosophy and how tourism is being promoted, highlighting natural attractions, heritage, and royal sites.

1. BRUNEI DARUSSALAM : CULTURAL
EXCHANGE AND TOURISM
RAIHANA ASYIQIN BINTI HAJI SUHAILI

2. The Concept of Culture
Culture can be defined as civilization,
the social and intellectual refinement that
governed a society, the way they think and
act which encompasses all aspects of life
which include:

3. Seven Fundamental Aspects of Life
 1. Social : relationship between human
and human
 2. Economy: relationship between human
and things
 3. Politics : relationship between human
and power

4.  4. Knowledge and Techniques : relationship
between human with the nature and
occupations
 5. Arts: relationship between human and
esthetic things.
 6. Philosophy : relationship between human
and the truth and values
 7. Religion : relationship between human
and the Creator

5. Changes in social culture will occur when
there is a contact between one culture with
another foreign culture.
And this will leads to the birth of a more
refine and developed society known as the
"High Culture” society

6. Culture or ‘the way of life’ includes the
following :
 1. Rules (system, path) of life
 2. Diversity of life
 3. Norms and Values in life
 4. Ritual practices in life

7. Melayu Islam Beraja (Malay Islamic
Monarchy)
 Officially proclaimed as the national philosophy of Brunei
on the day of its independence on January 1, 1984 by
Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu’izzadin Waddaulah.
 MIB is described as “a blend of Malay language, culture
and Malay customs, the teaching of Islamic laws and
values and the monarchy system which must be
esteemed and practiced by all”

8.  As Islam is the official and state religion of Brunei
Darussalam, MIB opposes the concept of secularism, thus
making Islam as a vital role of every Bruneian Muslim way
of life.
 This national custom is aimed at forging a stronger sense
of identity among Bruneians as well as to foster unity and
stability. With His Majesty the Sultan being the head of
the Adat Istiadat (customs and tradition), MIB has thus
been enshrined in the constitution.

9. What represents culture?
In Brunei Darussalam context, things which
represents our culture are well reflected from
what we saw around us. These can be divided into
2 types :
1. Tangible
2. Non- Tangible

10. Tangible Materials of Culture
Buildings

11. Tangible Materials of Culture
Cuisine and Delicacies
Sari Muka Pinyaram Kuih Jala
Ambuyat Kelupis

12. Tangible Materials of Culture
Costumes
Groom In Traditional Attire Bride In Traditional Attire

13. Tangible Materials of Culture
Games
Congkak Pasang

14. Tangible Materials of Culture
Dances

15. Tangible Materials of Culture
Accessories and Tools
Gelang Pengaluan, Gelang Gerocong, Sarbang, Puntu, Kancing .
Kuas, Panding, Kancing Keris

16. Non - Tangible Materials of Culture
Weddings

17. Non - Tangible Materials of Culture
Celebrations

18. Non - Tangible Materials of Culture
Rituals

19. Non - Tangible Materials of Culture
Occupations

20. TOURISM IN BRUNEI
“It is important to have a sense of pride of what we have in our
country, and if you have pride, you will protect it”

21.  Offers a wide variety of attractive places.
 Thegovernment is now actively promoting tourism as an
important part of its economic diversification.
 The Ministry of Industry and Primary Resources (MIPR),
has completed a Tourism Masterplan which identifies 69
projects to raise the tourism industry in Brunei
Darussalam.

22. What Makes Brunei So Unique?
 Nature
 Heritage culture and Islamic cluster
 Existing royal heritage

23. Eco-Tourism In Brunei
 Offer visitors a dazzling array of eco-tourism options. E.g.
mangrove-covered islands, white sand beaches and
accessible nature reserves.
 The shallow reefs around Brunei makes excellent dive
sites for enthusiast divers to explore the unexpected
marine treasure and hidden beauty that lies underneath
the Brunei waters.

24. Brunei Vision 2035
Part of the Brunei Vision 2035 is to make Brunei
Darussalam as the hub for eco tourism. This initiate the
government to embark on a long term project called ‘The
Heart of Borneo’ (HoB) by fostering transboundary
cooperation with international bodies to enable
collaborative and lasting conservation and sustainable
development for our future generation.

25. Statistics
Yearly Total Tourist Arrival
2007 to 2011
300000
240,000
250000
214,000
194,299
200000 178,540
157,464
150000
100000
5000
0
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

26. KAMPONG AYER

28. SULTAN OMAR ALI SAIFUDDIEN MOSQUE

29. JAME’ ASR HASSANIL BOLKIAH MOSQUE

30. ROYAL REGALIA

31. JERUDONG PARK