This document describes a patient monitoring system that measures heart rate and temperature in the ICU. Sensors are connected to a microcontroller that analyzes the vital signs and sends the data wirelessly to doctors using Zigbee. If abnormal readings are detected and the doctor does not respond in time, an alert SMS is sent to family members. The system allows for continuous remote monitoring of critical patients, reducing workload for doctors and improving health outcomes.
IRJET- Patient’s Health Parameters Monitoring through IoT
Projectppt
1. By:
N. Venkata Ramesh
N. Thirupathi Rayudu
Y. Siva Mahesh Kumar
T. Manoj Kumar
Y. Punna Rao
Guided by:
Dr N. Venkateswara Rao
Professor
Department of ECE
2. INTRODUCTION
The patients in the ICU need a constant monitoring of their
temperature and heart beat
This project incorporates sensors to measure important
parameters
Any abnormality felt by the patient is indicated by an alarm
signal
Works even when the patient is in unconscious state
The patient-staff ratio is very low, so these kind of advanced
equipment is necessary
3. Patient Section
8051
MICRO
CONTROLLER
ECG/TE
MPERAT
URE
Power supply
LCD
ADC
HEART
BEAT
SENSOR
M
A
X
2
3
2
GSM
5. AT89S52
Manufactured by ATMEL laboratories
Standard features like
1. 8 Kbytes of flash
2. 256 bytes of RAM
3. 32 I/O lines
4. 16-bit timer counter
5. Full duplex serial port
6. On-chip oscillator
6. CONTENTS
VCC: pin 40-power supply.
GND: pin 20- grounded.
Port 0,port 1,port 2,port 3 are 8-bit bi-directional I/O ports.
RST: pin 9 is reset pin. It is active high.
ALE: It is an output pin and is active high.
PSEN: Program store enable is the read strobe to external
program memory.
EA/VPP: Enables the device to fetch code from external
device.
XTAL1&XTAL2 are input and output of oscillator amplifier
7. Features of LM 35
LM35 is a precision IC temperature sensor with its
output proportional to the temperature.
You can measure temperature more accurately than a
using thermistors. The sensor circuitry is scaled and
not subject to oxidation etc.
Possesses a low self-heating capability.
The output voltage is converted to temperature by a
simple conversion factor.
The operating temperature range is from -55⁰C to
150⁰C
9. Features Of Heart Beat Sensor
The sensor consists of a super bright LED and light detector.
Heart beat indication by LED.
Instant output digital signal for directly connecting to
microcontroller to measure Beats per Minute (BPM)
Compact size
Working Voltage +5V DC
It works on the principle of light modulation by blood flow
through finger at each pulse
11. ZIGBEE
A very low cost, low power consumption two-way, wireless
communication standard for automation & PC peripherals
Low power consumption
Low cost compared to Bluetooth solutions
High density of nodes for network
-250 nodes for network, multiple co-located networks
Data rate requirements
-Few bits to 250kbps sufficient
Simple protocol, Global implementation 2.4 GHz
12. Cont’d
• Data rates of 250 kbps with 10-100 meter range.
•Two addressing modes:16-bit short and 64-bit IEEE
addressing.
•CSMA-CA channel access.
•Power management to ensure low power consumption.
•16 channels in the 204 GHz ISM band.
•Low duty cycle: Provides long battery life.
•Support for multiple network topologies: Static, dynamic, star
and mesh.
•Up to 65,000 on a network.
13. GSM Module
•The GSM network is used to provide communication
from one place to other.
•The GSM module using consist of a mobile station .
•The commands that are used to provide communication
are AT commands.
•The AT commands specifies the GSM technology and are
related to SMS service.
14. Description
• The heart rate can be measured by monitoring one's pulse using
specialized medical devices such as an electrocardiograph (ECG),
portable device which normally consisting of a chest strap with
electrodes.
• Despite of its accuracy, somehow it is costly, involve many clinical
settings and patient must be attended by medical experts for
continuous monitoring.
• For a patient whom already diagnosed with fatal heart disease,
their heart rate condition and temperature has to be
monitored continuously.
15. Cont’d
• We proposed an alert system that able to monitor the heart beat
rate and temperature condition of patient.
• These signals are processed using AT89S52 microcontroller to
determine the heart beat rate and temperature and those values are
forwarded to the doctor using ZIGBEE.
• If the doctor not responds for abnormal values with in
predefined time interval then, it sends message alert to the mobile
phone of patient’s family members, or their relatives via SMS.
• Thus, doctors can monitor and diagnose the patient’s condition
continuously and could suggest earlier precaution for the patients
themselves.
• This will also alert the family members to quickly attend the
patient.
16. Advantages
1. A place in the hospital where very ill patients are monitored
very closely.
2. The patients in the ICU need a constant monitoring of their
temperature and heart beat.
3. This project is a working model, which incorporates sensors
to measure important parameters namely the temperature,
respiratory temperature and heart beat.
4. The patient can be analyzed by doctors in any part of the
hospital wherever they are.
5. Even when the patient is in an unconscious condition, all the
parameters will be sensed And doctor will be cautioned, thus
it reduces doctor’s workload and also gives more accurate
results.
17. Applications
Hospitals it monitoring the heart beat and temperature
continually.
By using this system the patient can be analyzed by doctors
in any part of the hospital.
Used to transfer the information from the transmitter side
to the receiver side wirelessly.
18. Conclusion
As this project is based on micro-controller and
zig-bee technology is used to transmit data can be of
great use in the field of medicine and helps the doctors
to keep a keep a keen eye on the patients health.
