2. In grammar, the form of a verb indicating the
relation between the participants (subject,
object) in a narrated event and the event itself.
English grammar distinguishes between the active
voice (“The hunter killed the bear”) and the
passive voice (“The bear was killed by the
hunter”). In the active voice, the emphasis is on
the subject of the active verb (the agent
performing the action named), whereas the
passive voice indicates that the subject receives
the action.

5. A verb is said to be in the Active voice when
its subject acts or when the emphasis is
on the doer or the subject. The active
voice is so called because the person
denoted by the subject acts.
Sachin Plays Cricket.

6. A verb is said to be in the Passive voice
when the subject is being acted upon or
when the emphasis is on the Object or the
work done.
Hockey is played by neha.

8. Personal Pronoun of the
Nominationative case
Personal Pronoun of the
Objective case
I Me
We Us
You You
He Him
She Her
It Its
They Them
Who Whom

9. Assertive Sentence
Active Voice
(V 1st form + s/es)
Passive voice
(Is/am/are + V 3rd form)
They help me. I am helped by them.
Negative Sentence
Active Voice
(Do/Does not + V 1st form )
Passive voice
(Is/am/are + V 3rd form
He does not respect his teacher His teacher are not respected by him
Interrogative Sentence
Active Voice
(Do/Does +Subject V 1st form)
Passive voice
(Is/am/are + Subject + V 3rd form
Does she teach you English? Is English taught to you by her?

10. Active Voice
(Is/am/are + V 1st form + ing)
Passive voice
(Is/am/are + Being + V 3rd form)
She is preparing tea. Tea is Being Prepared By her.
They are playing hockey Hockey is being played by them.

11. Active Voice
(Has/Have + V 3rd form)
Passive voice
(Has/Have + Been + V 3rd form)
The gardener has plucked the flowers. The flowers have been plucked by the
gardener.
The carpenter has made the table. The table has been made by carpenter.

12. Active Voice
(V 2nd form)
Passive voice
(Was/Were + V 3rd form)
They kept us waiting. We were kept waiting by them.
He ran a race A race was run by him.
Did she run a great risk? Was a great risk run by her?
You did not help me yesterday. I was not helped yesterday by you.

13. Active Voice
(Was/Were + V 1st form + ing)
Passive voice
(Was/Were + being + V 3rd form)
The boys were not learning their
lesson.
Their lesson was not being learnt by the
boys.
She was not wasting her time Her time was not being wasted by her.
Who was milking the cow? By whom Was the cow being milked?

14. Active Voice
(Had + V 3rd form )
Passive voice
(Had + been + V 3rd form)
Someone had invited me to the party. I had been invited to the party.
She had not learnt her lesson. Her lesson had not been learnt by her.
Who had abused her? By whom had she been abused?

15. Active Voice
(Shill/Will + V 1st form )
Passive voice
(Shill/Will + be + V 3rd form)
She will sing a song. A song will be sung by her.
Why will she write a letter? Why will a letter be written by her?
I shall help him. He will be helped by me.

16. Active Voice
(Shill/Will + Have + V 1st form)
Passive voice
(Shill/Will + Have been + V 3rd form)
Arun will have read many books. Many books will have been finished by
eight.
The gardener will not have planted trees. Trees will have been planted by the
gardener.
Will you have learnt your lesson by
then?
Will your lesson have been learnt by you
by then?

17. Can, could, may, might, would, should, ought to ,must etc.
Active Voice Passive voice
May god bless you. May you be blessed.
One must keep one’s promise. Promise must be kept.
You can Do this work. This work can be done by you.

18. Requested to/advised to/ordered to
Form: Let + new object + be + not be + V 3rd form.
Active Voice Passive voice
Do it. Let it be done.
Open the door. You are Ordered to open the door.
Come here, please. You are requested to come here.
Work hard. You are advised to work hard.

19. Known to, alarmed to, annoyed at, contained in, surprised at, lined up, etc.
Active Voice Passive voice
This news alarmed us. We were alarmed at this news.
I know him. He is known to me.
Social work interests me. I am insterested in the social work.

20. Active Voice Passive voice
The thief was arrested. (The police) arrested the theif.
His speech was cheered. (The audience) cheered his speech.
Duty must be done. (One) must do (one’s)duty.