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26.2 A New Kind of War
The Great War was called World War I because
it was fought primarily in Europe but spread to
the colonies, Asia, and the Middle East.
LEQ: How and where was World War I
fought?
The goal was to create a quick victory in the west while
Russia was mobilizing and thus avoid a two-front war.
Russia mobilized on the Eastern Front more
quickly than Germany had expected.
German generals responded by shifting troops from the
Western Front to fight the Russians.
The British fought with French troops in the Marne,
making a quick German victory impossible.
Germany utilized their Schlieffen Plan to attack
France. The plan failed.
Both sides dug vast systems of deep trenches
for protection, creating a four-year-long deadly
stalemate on the Western Front.
• The area between opposing trenches became a
“no man’s land.”
• Each side would launch attacks and
counterattacks but very little territory would be
gained.
• stalemate – a deadlock in which neither side is able to defeat
the other
Millions of
soldiers ate,
slept, and
fought in the
trenches.
26.2 a new kind of war
Newly developed weapons made the fighting
much more deadly. In some battles, hundreds
of thousands were killed.
Weapon Results
Rapid-fire machine guns Waves of soldiers were
mowed down.
Long-range artillery guns Flying debris killed or
wounded many.
Poison gas Blinding and choking caused
many fatalities.
New technology changed the sites of battles,
from the ground to the air and under water.
Technology Results
Tanks Moved above and through trenches
Zeppelins Observed enemy movements
Airplanes Engaged in dramatic fights but did not
affect the outcome of the war
U-boats Sank ships carrying vital supplies; Allies
organized convoys to defend against them
• zeppelin – large gas-filled balloon
• U-boat –German submarine
• convoy – a group of merchant ships protected by warships
On the Eastern Front, the casualties were also
high and the outcome was just as indecisive.
• Russia suffered disastrous losses.
• Russia was not as industrialized as other
European nations. Soldiers were poorly equipped
but were sent out anyway, sometimes even
without rifles.
Fighting broke out in the Balkans and
southern Europe in 1915.
• Bulgaria sided with the Central Powers against
Serbia.
• Romania joined the Allies to fight against Hungary.
• Italian troops joined the Allies in 1915, but needed
help from British and French troops to protect their
positions.
The Ottoman empire sided with the Central
Powers in late October 1914. They soon cut
off a crucial Allied supply route to Russia.
• The Allies became trapped trying to open up the
Dardanelles connecting the Black Sea to the
Mediterranean.
• The Allies suffered defeat and withdrew after
sustaining more than 200,000 casualties.
• Dardanelles – a vital strait connecting the Black Sea and the
Mediterranean Sea
• The Ottoman empire also
faced an Arab uprising in the
Middle East.
• After fighting with British
troops led by T. E. Lawrence,
the Ottoman empire lost
territory to Arab nationalists.
Turkish Armenians, living in the Ottoman empire,
tried to help the Russians and as a result endured
massacres and deportations.
• T. E. Lawrence – British colonel sent to support the Arab revolt
• French West Africa
• India
• Australia
• New Zealand
• Canada
World War I spread to include many European
colonies throughout the world:
It was fought using new weapons, causing a large
number of casualties. The war was fought on the
Western Front, Eastern Front, in southern Europe,
Turkey, the Middle East, and in other parts of Asia
and Africa.
LEQ: How and where was World War I fought?

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26.2 a new kind of war

  • 1. 26.2 A New Kind of War
  • 2. The Great War was called World War I because it was fought primarily in Europe but spread to the colonies, Asia, and the Middle East. LEQ: How and where was World War I fought?
  • 3. The goal was to create a quick victory in the west while Russia was mobilizing and thus avoid a two-front war. Russia mobilized on the Eastern Front more quickly than Germany had expected. German generals responded by shifting troops from the Western Front to fight the Russians. The British fought with French troops in the Marne, making a quick German victory impossible. Germany utilized their Schlieffen Plan to attack France. The plan failed.
  • 4. Both sides dug vast systems of deep trenches for protection, creating a four-year-long deadly stalemate on the Western Front. • The area between opposing trenches became a “no man’s land.” • Each side would launch attacks and counterattacks but very little territory would be gained. • stalemate – a deadlock in which neither side is able to defeat the other
  • 5. Millions of soldiers ate, slept, and fought in the trenches.
  • 7. Newly developed weapons made the fighting much more deadly. In some battles, hundreds of thousands were killed. Weapon Results Rapid-fire machine guns Waves of soldiers were mowed down. Long-range artillery guns Flying debris killed or wounded many. Poison gas Blinding and choking caused many fatalities.
  • 8. New technology changed the sites of battles, from the ground to the air and under water. Technology Results Tanks Moved above and through trenches Zeppelins Observed enemy movements Airplanes Engaged in dramatic fights but did not affect the outcome of the war U-boats Sank ships carrying vital supplies; Allies organized convoys to defend against them • zeppelin – large gas-filled balloon • U-boat –German submarine • convoy – a group of merchant ships protected by warships
  • 9. On the Eastern Front, the casualties were also high and the outcome was just as indecisive. • Russia suffered disastrous losses. • Russia was not as industrialized as other European nations. Soldiers were poorly equipped but were sent out anyway, sometimes even without rifles.
  • 10. Fighting broke out in the Balkans and southern Europe in 1915. • Bulgaria sided with the Central Powers against Serbia. • Romania joined the Allies to fight against Hungary. • Italian troops joined the Allies in 1915, but needed help from British and French troops to protect their positions.
  • 11. The Ottoman empire sided with the Central Powers in late October 1914. They soon cut off a crucial Allied supply route to Russia. • The Allies became trapped trying to open up the Dardanelles connecting the Black Sea to the Mediterranean. • The Allies suffered defeat and withdrew after sustaining more than 200,000 casualties. • Dardanelles – a vital strait connecting the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea
  • 12. • The Ottoman empire also faced an Arab uprising in the Middle East. • After fighting with British troops led by T. E. Lawrence, the Ottoman empire lost territory to Arab nationalists. Turkish Armenians, living in the Ottoman empire, tried to help the Russians and as a result endured massacres and deportations. • T. E. Lawrence – British colonel sent to support the Arab revolt
  • 13. • French West Africa • India • Australia • New Zealand • Canada World War I spread to include many European colonies throughout the world:
  • 14. It was fought using new weapons, causing a large number of casualties. The war was fought on the Western Front, Eastern Front, in southern Europe, Turkey, the Middle East, and in other parts of Asia and Africa. LEQ: How and where was World War I fought?