1. Hormones
The Final SL lesson EVER !!!

2. Where do they come from ?

3. What do they do ?
• Hormones are the body’s chemical
messengers. They regulate cell
death, stimulate and inhibit growth, suppress
the immune system, regulate metabolism.
They also control reproductive cycles.

4. Give me an example 
• Adrenalin or more properly epinepherine is
secreted by the adrenal glands. It is
responsible for the regulation of heart beat
and rate of release of glucose into the blood
stream.

5. And another
• Thyroxine is produced in the thyroid gland and
regulates body metabolism. If there is an
absence of this molecule, a lack being
hypothyroidism, and an excess
hyperthyroidism.

6. WOW ! ADH – antidiuretic hormone

7. Insulin

8. That’s crazy – what does insulin do ?
• Insulin functions to control blood glucose
concentration, When released it stimulates
cells in the liver and muscles to take up
glucose and store it as glycogen.
• Insulin is used in diabetic therapy.

9. Aldosterone
• This regulates the readsorption of NaCl in the
kidney and increases loss of potassium ions.
Aldosterone also controls swelling in the
uterus.

10. Sex Hormones
• Common backbone with the other steroids
such as cholesterol ……

11. Male Sex Hormone
• Testosterone is responsible male sexual
characteristics.

12. Female Sex Hormones

13. Mode of action oral contraceptives
• At beginning of menstrual cycle oestradoil is released.
• Egg is released and uterus wall thickens.
• Oestradiol production stops  progesterone is
produced.
• Egg transferred to uterus.
• If fertilisation occurs leads to increase in hormone
production.
• Otherwise mensturation begins because hormone
levels fall.
• Oral contraceptives have both hormones  no eggs
produced.

15. Steroids
• Use – bone marrow stimulation, growth
stimulation, stimulate appetite, induction or
delay of puberty
• Abuse – to give competitive edge, or assist in
recovery.
• Males ; Liver damage, shrinking of the testes,
baldness, breast development, and infertility.
• Females ; facial hair growth, menstrual changes,
baldness and deepened voice.