Authors: *Moises Mir Mauri *Josep Llach Pagès **Frederic Marimon Viadiu *Departament d‘Organització, Gestió Empresarial i Disseny de Producte. Escola Politècnica Superior, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, Av. Lluís Santaló s/n, 17071 Girona, Spain **Departament d’Economia i Organització d’Empreses, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain The purpose of this paper is to analyze the evolution of the diffusion of the UNE 166002 innovation management standard in Spain for first time. Using data provided by most of the accredited organizations, the evolution of the diffusion of the UNE 166002 standard from 2002 to 2011 is studied. The results show that the diffusion of UNE 166002 follows a logistic curve in S shape. The current stage of diffusion it is in the expansion stage (in terms of initial stage, expansion stage, and saturation stage). According the available data at the end of 2011, the market would not be saturated until 2021. The findings of the present study should be of interest to all institutions and organizations involved with this type of certification—including accreditation organizations, certifying bodies, and business consultants specializing in the implementation of the UNE 166002 standards

1. Pattern of diffusion of the UNE 166002
innovation management standard: an
exploratory analysis
Moisès Mir, Josep Llach, Frederic Marimón
Department of Business Administration and Product Design
University of Girona - Spain
6th International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Industrial Management.
XVI Congreso de Ingeniería de Organización. Vigo, July 18-20, 2012

2. Pattern of diffusion of the UNE 166002 innovation
management standard: an exploratory analysis
• The interest in innovation management best practices have
grown in a globalized world last decades:
• Innovation boost economic development (Shumpeter,
1934).
Introduction
• Innovation Is a key factor for competitiveness (porter,
Objective
1990).
Methodology
Results
Conclusions
•INNOVATION  €

3. Pattern of diffusion of the UNE 166002 innovation
management standard: an exploratory analysis
•Nowadays we enter in a new paradigm:
• The possibility to standardize innovation management
(Mir and Casadesus, 2008, 2011).
• The case of Spanish UNE 166002:2006 is studied, but
Introduction
there are other national innovation management
Objective
standards in other countries recently issued or being
Methodology
developed:
Results
Conclusions
•Portugal 2007
•Mexico 2008
•United Kingdom 2008.
•Denmark 2010
•Brazil 2011
•France 2013 forecasted

4. Pattern of diffusion of the UNE 166002 innovation
management standard: an exploratory analysis
Nowadays:
•There is no ISO standard but there is a CEN work group
at European level to standardize innovation management
forecasted for 2014.
Introduction
•There are many studies of the diffusion pattern of ISO
Objective
9001 and ISO 14001 for Quality Management and
Methodology
Environment Management (Llach et al., 2011) but no
Results
detected similar studies for Innovation management
Conclusions
standards.

5. Pattern of diffusion of the UNE 166002 innovation
management standard: an exploratory analysis
• Challenge:
•The study of the evolution of the number of certificates
UNE 166002 innovation management standard in Spain.
Introduction
•Never done before for innovation management
Objective
standards, no data available, research data from the
Methodology
most Certification bodies was needed.
Results
Conclusions
•Managers, consultants and the ISO need to know about
trends in this field.
•Analyze data to check if pattern diffusion of UNE
166002 fits a logistic curve in a “S” shape as the
previous ISO standards.

6. Pattern of diffusion of the UNE 166002 innovation
management standard: an exploratory analysis
• Literature review:
•Twofold literature:
•1-Regarding Innovation management and
Introduction
particularly the standard UNE 166002
Objective
Methodology
•2-Regarding Standard diffusion patterns.
Results
Conclusions

7. Pattern of diffusion of the UNE 166002 innovation
management standard: an exploratory analysis
Literature review:
•1-Innovation and UNE 166002:
A lot of literature on this field but few studies about the
concrete Spanish standard UNE 166002
•Rothwell (1994) identified five generations of
Introduction
innovation processes form 50‟s to 90‟s. i)Linear
Objective
Techonlogy push, ii)Linear Market pull, iii)Mixed
Methodology
interactive, iv)Integrated, v) System Integration and
Results
networking.
Conclusions
•Chesbrough (2003) Open Innovation.
•Mir and Casadesus (2011) in a case study of UNE
166002, speculate whether innovation management
is at the threshold of a new generation (6th Gen)
adding, to the Rothwell‟s 5th, a Standardized
Innovation Management Systems.
• European Committee CEN/TC 389 created in 2008
still working on standardization of innovation
management at European level. Etc.

8. Pattern of diffusion of the UNE 166002 innovation
management standard: an exploratory analysis
Literature review:
•2-Regarding Standard diffusion patterns:
•Rogers (1983) well-established theory of diffusion
of innovation.
Introduction
•Teece (1980), the dissemination of management
Objective
tools and systems is analogous to the dissemination
Methodology
of innovations in general.
Results
•Marimon et al. (2006, 2009, 2010) and Casadesus
Conclusions
et al. (2008) defined the dissemination curve as a
so-called “logistic curve” studying ISO 9001 and ISO
14001 (Llach et al., 2011) diffusion patterns.
•Corbett and Kirsch (2004) examined the question
from the geographical point of view.
•Stoneman‟s (1995) taxonomy diffusion state:
„initial‟, „expansion‟, and „saturation‟ levels.
•Etc.

9. Pattern of diffusion of the UNE 166002 innovation
management standard: an exploratory analysis
Main objective:
Analyse, for the first time, the way that UNE 166002
standard spreads in Spain:
Introduction
-Is this pattern similar of others previously done at
Objective
an international level? like ISO 9001 and ISO 14001?
Methodology
-Spanish standard have its own peculiarities?
Results
Conclusions
Contributions:
Companies and organizations need to know about the
decisions that other companies take on this topic.
Managers need to know about trends.
Interest of standards institutes and accreditation and
certification bodies.

10. Pattern of diffusion of the UNE 166002 innovation
management standard: an exploratory analysis
The data used for this study has been collected visiting
the websites and emailing the six accredited firms
(AENOR, AIDICO, IVAC, EQA, Bureau Veritas Certifi-
cation and SGS) by the National Spanish Accreditation
Agency (ENAC, 2012)
Introduction
Objective
AENOR represents almost 80% of the total of certificates
Methodology
Results 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Conclusions AENOR 1 3 6 8 35 17 40 82 90 69
Bureau Veritas 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 2 17 25
AIDICO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 4 5
IVAC 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
SGS 0 0 0 0 1 0 3 8 4 13
EQA * * * * * * * * * *
Total 1 3 6 8 38 17 45 98 115 112
Total (aggregated) 1 4 10 18 56 73 118 216 331 443
Source: Actualized from Mir and Casadesus (2011), compiled from AENOR, AIDICO, IVAC, SGS and
Bureau Veritas
*data not provided

11. Pattern of diffusion of the UNE 166002 innovation
management standard: an exploratory analysis
The number of firms certified with UNE 166002 has
grown steadily each year.
Figure 1 confirms this upward trend with the aggregated
number of certificates by year as well.
Introduction
Objective
Methodology
Results
Conclusions
Fig. 1 Evolution of the total number of UNE 166002 certificates during the period 2002-2011
Source: The Authors

12. Pattern of diffusion of the UNE 166002 innovation
management standard: an exploratory analysis
Introducing data in SPSS, with the variables defined.
N0 K
N
Introduction
K  N 0 e r0t  N 0
Objective
(Marimon et al. 2006, 2009, 2010)
Methodology
Results
N represents the number of certificates (a function of time);
Conclusions
N0 represents the number of certificates at the starting
point;
K is the maximum level that can be reached (the saturation
level); and the initial growth rate is determined by r0.

13. Pattern of diffusion of the UNE 166002 innovation
management standard: an exploratory analysis
Results: logistic model fits good for the data with a fit of
more than 99% for r squared in the curve. The number
of certificates is in expansion.
800
700
Introduction 600
Objective 500
Methodology 400
Results 300
Conclusions 200
100
0
2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024
UNE 166002 Forecast UNE 166002 LCL166002 95% UPL166002 95% 95% K
Value Ll Ul
N0 2,992 ,965 5,019
K 730,885 525,251 936,519
r0 ,660 ,544 ,775
R squared .998
Fig. 2 Logistic curve and forecast of UNE 166002 certifications
Source: The authors

14. Pattern of diffusion of the UNE 166002 innovation
management standard: an exploratory analysis
• Conclusions:
• At the end of 2011, the total number of certified firms
was already over 440.
Introduction
• Quick increase of the total number of innovation
Objective
management standard certificates issued in Spain.
Methodology
Results
• The UNE 166002 diffusion pattern fits logistic curve in a
Conclusions
“S” Shape, Marimon et al. (2006, 2009, 2010) Model is
Checked and can be considered scientifically correct.
• The diffusion of UNE 166002 is in expansion level and
saturation will not be until the year 2021.
• The curve should be adjusted every year when new
certifications are issued and, therefore, the saturation
level will be modified constantly.

15. Pattern of diffusion of the UNE 166002 innovation
management standard: an exploratory analysis
• Discussion and further research:
• A similar study could be extrapolated? By the logistic
curve in a European or International level? to forecast
the evolution before the next European or international
Introduction
standard is created.
Objective
• More research is needed to find a methodology to adjust
Methodology
the analysis in different geographical scopes perhaps
Results
relative to GDP, number of business firms, etc., other
Conclusions
studies can be done by sectorial activity.

16. Pattern of diffusion of the UNE 166002 innovation
management standard: an exploratory analysis
Thank you for your attention!
u1034468@correu.udg.edu
Moisès Mir
6th International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Industrial Management.
XVI Congreso de Ingeniería de Organización. Vigo, July 18-20, 2012