The version of my Assembly presentation with notes - largely prepared by ESA and ESERO for the Principia Mission

1. 1

2. This
is
Tim,
Newton
and
Principia.
What’s
one
got
to
do
with
the
other??
The
photo
was
taken
at
the
Royal
Society,
at
an
event
held
to
celebrate
the
naming
of
Tim’s
mission.
ESA
gives
names
to
all
of
astronaut’s
missions.
ESA
asked
the
whole
of
Europe
to
suggest
names
for
Tim’s
mission,
and
there
were
more
than
4000
suggesGons.
Tim
chose
from
all
of
these
the
name
Principa,
which
was
suggested
20
Gmes,
to
honour
the
great
BriGsh
scienGst.
Newton
was
a
strong
choice,
there
were
many
other
suggesGons
relate
to
Newton
(Newton,
Isaac,
1687
,
Trinity
etc)
–
it
was
a
very
strong
theme,
because
of
the
clear
resonances.
The
Philosophiæ
Naturalis
Principia
MathemaGca
(MathemaGcal
Principles
of
Natural
Philosophy),
first
published
in
1687,
first
described
gravity,
which
is
of
course
the
physics
at
the
very
heart
of
space
flight.
Suggested
quesGons:
Do
you
know
who
Isaac
Newton
is?
What
is
gravity?
Do
you
know
how
Newton
came
up
with
his
theory?
Apple…
Why
is
gravity
an
issue
for
spaceflight?
2

3. This
presenta,on
provides
slides
and
informa,on
for
a
talk
about
Bri,sh
European
Space
Agency
Astronaut
Tim
Peake,
and
what
he
will
be
doing
on
his
6
month
mission.
This
presentaGon
may
be
adapted
as
required
by
the
presenter.
AddiGonal
slides
with
more
informaGon
on
the
science
program
and
educaGon
program
are
available
to
‘add
on’
to
this.
All
Images
are
from
NASA
/
ESA
unless
otherwise
stated.
IllustraGons
reproduced
from
The
Usborne
Official
Astronaut's
Handbook
©
2015
Usborne
Publishing
Ltd,
and
can
only
be
used
with
permission
Welcome
IntroducGon
to
yourself
Structure
of
presenta,on:
Who
is
Tim?
What’s
his
mission?
How
will
he
get
to
space?
Where
will
he
live?
Where
will
he
work?
What
will
he
be
doing
in
space?
Who
supports
him?
Some
general
notes:
-­‐ Tim
is
a
European
Space
Agency
Astronaut.
-­‐ Please
do
not
refer
to
him
as
‘Major
Tim
Peake’.
Tim
is
sGll
a
Major
in
the
Army
Reserves,
but
as
a
civilian
organisaGon,
ESA
prefer
not
to
highlight
this
aspect.
-­‐ Tim
is
not
the
first
Brit
in
space,
or
the
first
BriGsh
astronaut.
-­‐ Helen
Sharman
was
the
first
Briton
in
space
in
1991.
Her
mission
was
funded
parGally
by
a
private
UK
consorGum
as
Project
Juno
and
by
the
Soviet
Union.
-­‐ Other
Brits
have
been
into
space:
-­‐ 3
as
a
NASA
astronaut
with
US
or
dual
naGonality:
Michael
Foale,
Piers
Sellers
and
Nicolas
Patrick.
-­‐ 2
as
dual
naGonality
spaceflight
parGcipants
(space
tourists):
Richard
Garrioi.(US/BriGsh
dual
naGonal)
and
Mark
Shuileworth
Ques,ons
and
Answers
There
is
a
list
of
top
10Q&A
on
the
UK
Space
Agency
Blog.
But,
if
you
only
have
Gme
for
one
thing,
watching
this
8
minute
video
from
Suni
Williams,
where
she
explains
sleeping,
personal
hygiene,
going
to
the
toilet
and
the
kitchen.
You’ll
be
able
to
answer
all
the
most
common
quesGons
aner
you
see
this:
hEps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XkM_04Ch76E
3

4. 4

5. 5

6. From
The
Usborne
Official
Astronaut's
Handbook
©
2015
Usborne
Publishing
Ltd
6

7. Tim
is
part
of
Europe’s
team
of
space
plumbers/lab
techs/space
walkers/roboGc
operators
etc.
6
astronauts
were
selected
in
2009
to
join
the
exisGng
team
of
astronauts
(at
ESA,
NASA,
Roscosmos)
Tim
Peake
Andreas
Mogensen
(went
for
2
weeks:
IrISS
mission:
1
Sept
2015
–
11
Sept
2015)
Alexander
Gerst
(Blue
Dot
mission:
28
May
2014
–
10
Nov
2014)
Luca
Parmitano
(first
to
go:
Volare
mission:
28
May
2013
–
11
Nov
2013)
Samantha
Cristoforeq
(Furtura
mission:
23
Nov
2014
–
11
Jun
2015)
Thomas
Pesquet
(due
to
fly
30
Nov
2013
–
16
May
2017)
7

8. 8

9. This
is
the
Soyuz
rocket,
launching
from
Baikonour
in
Kazakhstan
It
is
a
Russian
rocket,
designed
in
the
1960s,
sGll
in
service
today.
The
same
design
was
also
used
to
transport
cosmonauts
to
Salyut,
Mir
and
now
the
ISS.
Soyuz
can
carry
up
to
three
crew
members
and
provide
life
support
for
about
30
days
Video
of
Soyuz
launch
sequence
explained
(ESA):
hips://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=AVvgpKt5uCA
Video
of
Soyuz
rendezvous
and
docking
(ESA):
hips://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=M2_NeFbFcSw
9

10. 10

11. The
Soyuz
will
dock
with
the
ISS
6
hours
aner
launch
Tim
will
be
living
and
working
here
for
6
months
from
15
December
2015
–
May
2016
What
is
the
ISS?
ISS
is
an
internaGonal
orbiGng
laboratory
in
low
earth
orbit
(about
400km
up).
ConGnuously
occupied
since
2000,
home
to
an
internaGonal
crew.
Video
of
ISS
orbiGng,
Gmelapse:
hip://www.esa.int/spaceinvideos/Videos/2014/12/
Alexander_Gerst_s_Earth_Gmelapses
Minute:
1:52
goes
past
the
UK
Suggested
QuesGons:
Do
you
know
how
far
away
the
ISS
is
from
Earth?
About
400km
up
How
fast
do
you
think
it’s
flying?
7kilometers
per
second
How
many
astronauts
do
you
think
live
here?
Normally
6,
when
a
new
crew
of
3
arrives,
there
are
9
astronauts
for
a
period
of
around
2
weeks
How
long
does
it
take
to
go
once
round
Earth?
Every
90
minutes,
15.5
orbits
per
day
How
does
the
ISS
stay
up
/
not
pulled
back
to
Earth
by
gravity?
Orbital
boosGng
can
be
performed
by
the
staGon's
two
main
engines
on
the
Zvezda
service
module
11

12. 12

13. Where
is
Columbus?
13

14. This
is
Columbus.
It’s
Europe’s
main
contribuGon
to
the
ISS.
It
was
aiached
to
the
ISS
on
11
February
2008
c.
7m
Long
C
4.5m
Diameter
(max)
(About
the
size
of
1
double
decker
bus,
spun
on
it’s
axis)
Weigh
c.
12
tonnes
(about
1
fully
laden
bus)
Other
interesGng
/
fun
facts
here
on
Columbus?
QuesGons
What
do
you
think
is
important
when
designing
the
lab?
ProtecGon
from
sun,
radiaGon,
debris
What
do
you
think
it
needs
to
run?
Power,
water,
life
support
14

15. As
you
can
see,
there
are
no
windows
(sadly,
a
design
flaw,
engineers
have
on
occasion
overlooked
the
importance
of
windows).
The
Cupola
came
close
to
being
shelved,
but
the
astronauts
demanded
it
be
flown.
They
love
the
views,
and
we
get
amazing
photographs
from
it).
Columbus
is
crammed
wall
to
wall
(and
ceiling)
with
Experiment
racks.
The
systems
equipment
(computers,
air
condiGoning,
water
cooling
loops
etc)
are
hidden
in
the
floor
(deck
racks)
and
in
the
corners.
15

16. EducaGon
Science
Staying
fit
EaGng
Sleeping
16

17. This is the EML – electromagnetic Levitator – it heats metal to very high
temperatures (2000+°C!) so that it melts, and can be cooled again very
quickly.
It is on the European Columbus module of the ISS.
The magnets holds the metal in place and stop it floating away.
In the absence of gravity, very precise measurements on properties of the
metal can be made – especially as there is no container to hold the metal.
The information gained through looking at metals this way leads to new alloys
with useful characteristics, e.g.
Lightweight
Stronger
Conductive
Pliable
UK
scienGsts
are
contribuGng
to
2
internaGonal
experiments
using
this
laboratory.
Previous experiments have led to breakthroughs, like 40-50% reduction in the
weight of important parts for turbines – this saves energy and materials; which
is good from a financial and an environmentaal point of view.
17

18. Two experiments, BOSS and BIOMEX, are mounted on the outside of the ISS.
This exposes microorganisms to the harsh conditions of space
Microgravity
Radiation
Vacuum
Ultra-drying
Will help scientists understand where and how life might survive in the
universe - and how life began in our Solar System
ScienGsts
from
University
of
Edinburgh,
Open
University
and
Bradford
University
are
contribuGng
to
this
work.
18

19. Photo:
Marchbanks’
intracranial
pressure
monitoring
device.
This
indicates
the
brain
pressure
–
important
to
keep
track
of
for
astronauts’
health.
NASA experiment Fluid Shifts looks at how fluid shifts in the body during
spaceflight
Weightlessness increases pressure in upper body and head
Unique British hardware, developed by SME from Southampton, Marchbanks
Measurement Systems, is being tested to measure the changes in brain
pressure
Normally done by drilling into the skull or lumbar puncture!
New
device
is
non-­‐invasive
–
can
indicate
brain
pressure
just
by
placing
in
the
ear
CriGcal
for
astronaut
health
–
especially
on
longer
duraGon
missions
ApplicaGon
on
earth
–
quickly
assessing
criGcal
signs
in
emergency
trauma
situaGons
19

20. No,
not
tesGng
a
new
rollercoaster
ride
-­‐
research
into
muscle
atrophy
and
how
this
may
help
paGent
rehabilitaGon
on
Earth
www.esa.int/Our_AcGviGes/Human_Spaceflight/Columbus/Mus...
20

21. Photo:
from
a
field
trial
with
BRIDGET
–
one
of
the
Airbus
rovers
used
to
test
systems
for
ExoMars.
BRIDGET
will
be
adapted
so
that
Tim
can
control
her
from
space.
Looks
at
technologies
needed
for
human-­‐roboGc
partnerships
in
planetary
exploraGon
A
new
experiment
called
SUPVIS-­‐M
will
see
Tim
Peake
control
a
rover
on
Earth
from
orbit
the
ISS
The
rover
will
be
in
a
‘Mars
yard’
in
Stevenage
(at
Airbus
Defence
and
Space)
–
a
mock-­‐up
of
the
MarGan
environment
on
Earth
–
in
a
simulaGon
of
how
we
may
explore
Mars
in
future
Makes
the
most
of
UK
experGse
in
roboGcs
and
telecommunicaGons
21

22. 22

23. Science
–
Ground
Operated
Experiments
As
well
as
the
Human
Physiology
experiments,
there
are
many
more
experiments
that
are
being
run
remotely
by
teams
of
scienGsts
on
the
ground.
This
is
ESA’s
Fluid
Science
Laboratory
(FSL),
running
the
GEOFLOW
experiment
(hip://
www.esa.int/Our_AcGviGes/Human_Spaceflight/Columbus/
Geoflow_experiment_starts_the_flow_of_data_from_the_Fluid_Science_Laboratory)
Miniature
Earth
The
core
of
the
Geoflow
experiment
can
be
seen
as
a
representaGon
of
Earth
(or
other
planet)
in
miniature.
A
viscous
incompressible
fluid
(silicone
oil)
is
held
between
two
concentric
spheres,
which
rotate
about
a
common
axis.
A
high
voltage
difference
between
the
spheres
creates
a
force
field
that
plays
the
role
of
gravity
and
holding
the
inner
sphere
at
a
higher
temperature
to
the
outside
sphere
creates
a
temperature
gradient
from
inside
to
outside
as,
for
example,
on
Earth.
Understanding
the
flow
of
the
silicone
oil
under
different
condiGons
will
be
of
importance
in
such
areas
as
flow
in
the
atmosphere,
the
oceans,
and
the
movement
of
Earth's
mantle
on
a
global
scale,
as
well
as
other
astrophysical
and
geophysical
problems.
Results
from
Geoflow
will
also
be
useful
for
making
improvements
in
a
variety
of
engineering
applicaGons,
such
as
spherical
gyroscopes
and
bearings,
centrifugal
pumps
and
high-­‐performance
heat
exchangers.
23

24. Maintenance
As
well
as
running
all
the
science
experiments,
the
crew
have
to
maintain
the
ISS
itself.
There
are
no
plumber
or
electricians
or
so
on
in
space,
and
so
the
crew
have
to
do
all
of
this
work
too.
If
the
toilet
breaks,
fixing
it
becomes
the
most
important
job
for
the
day.
This
is
Italian
ESA
astronaut
Luca
Parmitano
replacing
one
of
the
Water
Pump
Assemblies
(WPAs)
in
Columbus.
The
WPA
pumps
the
water
around
the
shell
of
Columbus,
providing
cooling
to
the
powered
equipment
and
air
condiGoning
of
the
air.
24

25. There
is
a
list
of
top
10Q&A
on
the
UK
Space
Agency
Blog.
But,
if
you
only
have
Gme
for
one
thing,
watching
this
8
minute
video
from
Suni
Williams,
where
she
explains
sleeping,
personal
hygiene,
going
to
the
toilet
and
the
kitchen.
You’ll
be
able
to
answer
all
the
most
common
quesGons
aner
you
see
this:
hEps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XkM_04Ch76E
How
do
astronauts
sleep
in
space?
Astronauts
cannot
lie
‘down’
in
a
bed
because
of
the
weightlessness.
They
zip
themselves
into
special
sleeping
bags
that
have
holes
for
the
arms,
which
are
aiached
to
the
wall
inside
their
crew
quarters.
(Which
are
the
size
of
a
broom
cupboard).
They
end
up
in
a
‘Zombie’
pose.
What
do
astronauts
eat
in
space?
Most
food
is
long
lasGng
(over
2
years),
but
some
fresh
fruit
and
vegetables
are
included
with
each
cargo
delivery.
Imagine
going
hiking
and
camping
for
6
months
without
going
near
a
supermarket,
and
you
get
an
idea
of
the
food.
A
lot
of
food
is
flown
in
a
dehydrated
state,
and
the
astronauts
add
warm
or
cold
water
to
it
before
eaGng
it.
Some
food
is
Gnned
or
thermostabilied
in
pouches,
and
others
just
flown
in
natural
form
(like
nuts,
dried
fruit
etc.)
How
do
astronauts
go
to
the
toilet
in
space?
A
seat
belt
and
foot
restraints
hold
the
astronaut
on
the
seat,
while
high-­‐speed
air
currents
pull
the
waste
into
the
respecGve
receptacles.
There
is
a
small
poiy
like
receptacle
for
solid
waste,
and
a
hose
for
liquid
waste.
Solid
waste
is
collected
and
put
into
one
of
the
cargo
ships
for
disposal
and
destrucGon
during
re-­‐entry.
Liquid
waste
is
recycled
into
drinking
water.
What
do
they
do
in
their
free
,me?
At
the
weekends
they
have
to
do
the
cleaning
and
vacuuming.
Evenings
and
weekends
are
their
free
Gme
to
relax,
call
and
email
friends
and
family,
watch
TV,
play
instruments
and
enjoy
the
view!
25

26. Food
and
Drink
Just
like
us,
the
crew
have
to
eat
and
drink
on
board
ISS.
Their
working
days
are
very
similar
to
ours,
-­‐
they
someGme
eat
lunch
together,
they
someGmes
just
grab
a
‘sandwich’.
The
crew
will
onen
try
to
eat
together
at
evenings
and
weekend,
-­‐
food
serves
exactly
the
same
purposes
on
ISS
as
it
does
here
on
Earth,
it
is
just
different
to
eat
and
drink
in
space.
26

27. Food
Food
is
all
pre-­‐prepared,
-­‐
there
are
no
ovens
to
cook
things
on
ISS.
Dehydrated
food
is
rehydrated
using
hot
and
cold
water,
other
food
comes
in
its
natural
from
(crackers,
nuts
etc).
Some
food
(mostly
meat
and
fish)
is
thermostablised
(canned
or
bagged)
and
heated
in
a
food
warmer.
(EssenGally
a
small
suitcase
with
two
hot
plates).
Note
the
scissor
–
very
important!
Heston
Blumenthal
compeGGon
for
Tim’s
dinners…:
What
would
you
choose
to
take
with
you?
27

28. Exercise
In
order
to
help
slow
the
rate
of
muscle
and
bone
deterioraGon,
the
crew
must
exercise
for
2
hours
every
day.
(1
hour
cardio,
1
hour
weights).
This
is
Tim
Peak
running
the
London
marathon
28

29. ARED
Chris
Cassidy
works
out
using
the
Advanced
ResisGve
Exercise
Device
(ARED)
hip://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/staGon/research/experiments/1001.html
29

30. The
crew
also
get
a
chance
to
visit
the
Cupola
(another
European
contribuGon)
to
take
stunning
photographs
of
the
Earth
Here
is
Samantha
Cristoforeq,
an
Italian
astronaut
selected
in
2009
at
the
same
Gme
as
Tim,
in
the
Cupola.
The
astronauts
can
take
amazing
photos
from
here
30

31. Tim
Peake’s
photo
of
London
from
the
Cupola
31

32. The
Aurora
on
earth
32

33. More
detail
in
the
‘careers’
presentaGon
–
on
all
the
support
team,
engineers,
scienGsts
etc
33

34. NASA
support
the
overall
running
of
the
ISS
But
for
the
Columbus
module
we
have
our
Columbus
Flight
Control
Team,
who
monitors
the
Columbus
module
24/7,
365
days
a
year.
This
is
Libby
Jackson
–
she
was
a
Columbus
Flight
Director
(COL-­‐Flight),
in
charge
of
the
Columbus
Flight
Control
team,
based
in
Oberpfaffenhofen
(Munich,
Germany).
That’s
quite
hard
to
say
so
our
call
sign
is
Munich.
‘Munich,
we’ve
got
a
problem…’
She
has
an
overview
of
everything,
and
is
supported
by
the
rest
of
the
Flight
Control
Team
34

35. There
is
a
team
of
4
people
all
the
Gme,
looking
aner
the
systems
and
payloads,
with
the
Flight
Director
in
charge.
COL
FLIGHT:
In
charge
of
Columbus
operaGons,
reports
to
the
Houston
Flight
Director
(in
NASA’s
Johnson
Space
Centre)
COMET:
:
Looks
aner
all
the
planning
in
the
flight
control
room.
STRATOS:
Monitors
and
remotely
operates
all
of
the
Columbus
systems
(Electrical
systems,
Cooling,
Computers,
Fire
detecGon
etc.)
During
the
day
this
increases
to
include:
Eurocom:
crew
interface
COSMO:
stowage
and
mechanics,
-­‐
basically
in
charge
of
knowing
how
to
fix
everything
and
where
everything
is
kept
Plus
engineers
in
back
rooms
and
all
the
payload
specialists
in
USOC
(User
Support
OperaGons
Centres)
35

36. Video
link
of
Soyuz
undocking,
re-­‐entry
and
landing:
hips://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=-­‐l7MM9yoxII
36

37. Tim
has
been
preparing
all
this
week
for
re-­‐entry
to
earth
–
here
he
is
checking
his
flight
suit
for
leaks.
37

38. Here
is
in
the
Soyuz
going
through
all
of
the
checklists,
38

39. 39

40. Home
Time
Aner
about
6
months
in
orbit,
it
is
Gme
to
come
back
to
Earth.
The
crew
will
spend
part
of
their
Gme
in
the
last
couple
of
weeks
refreshing
their
training,
packing,
checking
the
Soyuz
for
leaks
and
generally
readying
themselves
for
the
journey
home.
40

41. 41

42. Return
To
Earth
hip://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/staGon/structure/elements/soyuz/
landing_Gmeline.html
hips://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/staGon/structure/elements/soyuz/
landing.html
It
takes
about
3
and
a
half
hours
from
leaving
the
space
staGon
to
landing
back
on
Earth,
though
the
hatches
are
closed
a
couple
of
hours
before
the
crew
leave,
to
allow
for
final
leak
checks
and
preparaGons.
42

43. Landing
The
crew
land
back
on
the
Kazakhstan
Steppe.
Parachutes
slow
the
capsule
a
descent
rate
of
about
7
metres
per
second,
but
this
is
sGll
too
fast
for
a
comfortable
landing.
One
second
before
touchdown,
two
sets
of
three
small
engines
on
the
boiom
of
the
vehicle
fire,
slowing
the
vehicle
to
sonen
the
landing.
Crew
report
that
the
feelings
is
‘like
being
in
a
controlled
car
crash’
43

44. 44

45. 45

46. Home!
You’ve
survived
re-­‐entry,
your
capsule
has
hit
the
ground.
Your
body
is
feeling
the
effect
of
gravity
aner
6
months
in
a
weightless
environment.
You
may
well
be
feeling
queasy,
baiered,
some
crew
even
pass
out.
But
you
have
to
put
a
smile
on
your
face
and
face
the
media.
You’ll
sGll
be
very
happy
to
be
home
and
smell
fresh
air
though!
46

47. ESA
astronaut
Timothy
Peake
during
a
water
survival
training
session
near
Star
City,
Russia,
on
2
July
2014.
Survival
training
is
an
important
part
of
all
Soyuz
mission
training.
When
a
Soyuz
spacecran
returns
to
Earth
there
is
always
the
possibility
that
it
could
land
in
water.
Tim
is
currently
training
for
his
long-­‐duraGon
mission
to
the
InternaGonal
Space
StaGon,
to
be
launched
at
the
end
of
November
2015.
He
will
be
the
first
BriGsh
ESA
astronaut
to
visit
the
Space
StaGon.
UnGl
his
assignment
was
announced
in
2013,
Tim
was
Lead
Eurocom
for
Luca
Parmitano’s
six-­‐month
Volare
mission
that
started
in
May
of
that
year.
47

48. Tim
flew
on
15
December
2015,
first
union
jack
in
orbit
for
over
20
years,
and
on
June
18th,
2016
he
flies
back
to
earth
again.
48