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Master of Research Presentation
                     by
       Mithileysh Sathiyanarayanan
                  611702
     Supervisor : Dr. Kyeong Soo Kim
College of Engineering, Swansea University
              October 2012
   The main aim of the research is to propose a new
    multi-channel scheduling algorithm with tunable
    transmitters and fixed receivers which provide
    fairness and QoS guarantee in hybrid TDM/WDM
    Optical Networks (Next-Generation Networks).
   To extend the Fair Queuing (FQ) frame work to
    the case of multiple channels with tunable
    transmitters and fixed receivers.
   To design a multi-channel scheduler using
    tunable transmitters and fixed receivers.
   To avoid packet delay and improve throughput of
    the system.
   To design and evaluate the performance of the
    scheduler for hybrid TDM/WDM PON’s providing
    fairness and QoS guarantee.
   To implement detailed simulation model for the
    designed multi-channel scheduler.
   Scheduling is a method of harmonizing the access to
    system resources among competing data flows.
   The scheduling plays an important role in achieving
    high performance of the networking systems.
   Well-designed scheduling algorithms could provide
    higher throughput, lower latency, and better fairness
    with lower complexity in serving the packets.
   The scheduling has been extensively studied mainly in
    the context of single-channel communication.
   The advent of wavelength division multiplexing
    (WDM) technology, however, demands the extension of
    this packet scheduling problem to the case of multi-
    channel communication, especially with the tunable
    transmitters for hybrid time division multiplexing
    (TDM)/ wavelength division multiplexing (WDM)
    systems.
   The major focus of existing work is mostly on the
    throughput and delay performance of the scheduling
    algorithm like in SUCCESS-HPON [1], but there is
    hardly any support for fairness and QoS guarantee.
   The other focus is on the well-known DRR scheduling
    algorithm [2] for single-channel case which has
    advantages such as --it is simple and easy to implement,
    cost-effective, provides fairness and has a complexity of
    O(1).
   The research is mainly based on the tunable
    transmitters and fixed receivers in the multi-channel
    system which requires investigation in the performance
    of a multi-channel deficit round-robin (MCDRR)
    scheduling algorithm, which can provide fairness (in
    terms of throughput) for flows with different size
    packets with O(1) processing per packet.
Fig 1 : Block diagram of a hybrid TDM/WDM link based on tunable
transmitters and fixed receivers.
   The MCDRR is an extension of the DRR which takes into
    account the availability of channels and tunable transmitters and
    overlaps ‘rounds’ in scheduling to efficiently utilize channels
    and tunable transmitters.
   The MCDRR allows multiple rounds to overlap and run in
    parallel, the scheduling and the transmission of packets are not
    necessarily sequential unlike the DRR.
Start of Round 1
End of Round 1
Start of Round 2
End of Round 2
Start of Round 3
End of Round 3
End of Round1 showing in Tunable Transmitter




 End of Round2 showing in Tunable Transmitter
End of Round3 showing in Tunable Transmitter




Overlapping of all the three rounds in MCDRR Scheduling
Multi-Channel Scheduling (MCDRR)
Multi-Channel Scheduling (MCDRR)
   In Figure (2), the interframe times are exponentially
    distributed with the averages of 16 mus and 48
    mus for the first flow and the rest of the flows
    respectively, while the frame sizes are uniformly
    distributed between 64 and 1518 bytes for all the
    flows.
   In Figure (3), the interframe times are exponentially
    distributed with the averages of 16 mus and 32
    mus for the first flow and the rest of the flows,
    while the frame sizes are fixed to 1000 bytes for
    the first flow and 500 bytes for the rest of the
    flows.
   From the simulation results, we found that
    the proposed MCDRR scheduling algorithm
    provides nearly perfect fairness even with ill-
    behaved flows for different sets of conditions
    for interframe times and frame sizes.
   We have proposed and investigated the performance of
    the MCDRR scheduling algorithm for a multichannel link
    with tunable transmitters and fixed receivers, which is
    based on the DRR.
   In extending the DRR to the case of multi-channel
    scheduling, we try to efficiently utilize the network
    resources (i.e., channels and tunable transmitters) by
    overlapping rounds, while maintaining its low
    complexity (i.e.,O(1)). The nearly perfect fairness
    provided by the MCDRR has been demonstrated
    through simulation experiments.
   A detailed study must be carried out about the
    end-to-end performance of a network of MCDRR.
   We can try to achieve 100% throughput by
    providing tight bounds.
   Establishing mathematical bounds for the
    fairness and latency of the MCDRR is an
    important future work and also the comparison
    with other multi-channel scheduling algorithms
    can be carried out.
   We can extend the present research to upstream
    scheduling and using tunable receivers.
   [1] K. S. Kim, D. Gutierrez, F.-T. An, and L. G.
    Kazovsky, “Design and performance analysis
    of scheduling algorithms for WDM-PON under
    SUCCESS-HPON architecture,” J. Lightw.
    Technol., vol. 23, no. 11, pp.3716–3731,
    Nov. 2005.
   [2] M. Shreedhar and G. Varghese, “Efficient
    fair queueing using deficit round robin,”
    SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev., vol. 25,
    no. 4, pp.231–242, 1995.
   Multi-Channel Deficit Round-Robin Scheduling
    for Hybrid TDM/WDM Optical Networks
   Presented at FOAN-2012 Russia
   http://iathnrl.swan.ac.uk/~kks/publications/m
    cdrr_foan2012.pdf
THANK YOU FOR
   Listening !!!

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Multi-Channel Scheduling (MCDRR)

  • 1. Master of Research Presentation by Mithileysh Sathiyanarayanan 611702 Supervisor : Dr. Kyeong Soo Kim College of Engineering, Swansea University October 2012
  • 2. The main aim of the research is to propose a new multi-channel scheduling algorithm with tunable transmitters and fixed receivers which provide fairness and QoS guarantee in hybrid TDM/WDM Optical Networks (Next-Generation Networks).
  • 3. To extend the Fair Queuing (FQ) frame work to the case of multiple channels with tunable transmitters and fixed receivers.  To design a multi-channel scheduler using tunable transmitters and fixed receivers.  To avoid packet delay and improve throughput of the system.  To design and evaluate the performance of the scheduler for hybrid TDM/WDM PON’s providing fairness and QoS guarantee.  To implement detailed simulation model for the designed multi-channel scheduler.
  • 4. Scheduling is a method of harmonizing the access to system resources among competing data flows.  The scheduling plays an important role in achieving high performance of the networking systems.  Well-designed scheduling algorithms could provide higher throughput, lower latency, and better fairness with lower complexity in serving the packets.
  • 5. The scheduling has been extensively studied mainly in the context of single-channel communication.  The advent of wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technology, however, demands the extension of this packet scheduling problem to the case of multi- channel communication, especially with the tunable transmitters for hybrid time division multiplexing (TDM)/ wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems.
  • 6. The major focus of existing work is mostly on the throughput and delay performance of the scheduling algorithm like in SUCCESS-HPON [1], but there is hardly any support for fairness and QoS guarantee.  The other focus is on the well-known DRR scheduling algorithm [2] for single-channel case which has advantages such as --it is simple and easy to implement, cost-effective, provides fairness and has a complexity of O(1).
  • 7. The research is mainly based on the tunable transmitters and fixed receivers in the multi-channel system which requires investigation in the performance of a multi-channel deficit round-robin (MCDRR) scheduling algorithm, which can provide fairness (in terms of throughput) for flows with different size packets with O(1) processing per packet.
  • 8. Fig 1 : Block diagram of a hybrid TDM/WDM link based on tunable transmitters and fixed receivers.
  • 9. The MCDRR is an extension of the DRR which takes into account the availability of channels and tunable transmitters and overlaps ‘rounds’ in scheduling to efficiently utilize channels and tunable transmitters.  The MCDRR allows multiple rounds to overlap and run in parallel, the scheduling and the transmission of packets are not necessarily sequential unlike the DRR.
  • 16. End of Round1 showing in Tunable Transmitter End of Round2 showing in Tunable Transmitter
  • 17. End of Round3 showing in Tunable Transmitter Overlapping of all the three rounds in MCDRR Scheduling
  • 20. In Figure (2), the interframe times are exponentially distributed with the averages of 16 mus and 48 mus for the first flow and the rest of the flows respectively, while the frame sizes are uniformly distributed between 64 and 1518 bytes for all the flows.  In Figure (3), the interframe times are exponentially distributed with the averages of 16 mus and 32 mus for the first flow and the rest of the flows, while the frame sizes are fixed to 1000 bytes for the first flow and 500 bytes for the rest of the flows.
  • 21. From the simulation results, we found that the proposed MCDRR scheduling algorithm provides nearly perfect fairness even with ill- behaved flows for different sets of conditions for interframe times and frame sizes.
  • 22. We have proposed and investigated the performance of the MCDRR scheduling algorithm for a multichannel link with tunable transmitters and fixed receivers, which is based on the DRR.  In extending the DRR to the case of multi-channel scheduling, we try to efficiently utilize the network resources (i.e., channels and tunable transmitters) by overlapping rounds, while maintaining its low complexity (i.e.,O(1)). The nearly perfect fairness provided by the MCDRR has been demonstrated through simulation experiments.
  • 23. A detailed study must be carried out about the end-to-end performance of a network of MCDRR.  We can try to achieve 100% throughput by providing tight bounds.  Establishing mathematical bounds for the fairness and latency of the MCDRR is an important future work and also the comparison with other multi-channel scheduling algorithms can be carried out.  We can extend the present research to upstream scheduling and using tunable receivers.
  • 24. [1] K. S. Kim, D. Gutierrez, F.-T. An, and L. G. Kazovsky, “Design and performance analysis of scheduling algorithms for WDM-PON under SUCCESS-HPON architecture,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 23, no. 11, pp.3716–3731, Nov. 2005.  [2] M. Shreedhar and G. Varghese, “Efficient fair queueing using deficit round robin,” SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev., vol. 25, no. 4, pp.231–242, 1995.
  • 25. Multi-Channel Deficit Round-Robin Scheduling for Hybrid TDM/WDM Optical Networks  Presented at FOAN-2012 Russia  http://iathnrl.swan.ac.uk/~kks/publications/m cdrr_foan2012.pdf
  • 26. THANK YOU FOR Listening !!!