1. SC Standard 6-5.1
Forms of
Energy
Crossroads Middle School

2. Energy
SC Standard 6-5.1
Energy is the ability to cause change in an object.
• The change can involve either the motion or the
position of an object or its particles.
• Energy can exist in many different forms.
forms
•We will focus on five types of energy this year.
Heat Solar Chemical Electrical Mechanical
Can you guess what kind of energy each picture represents?

3. Thermal Energy
SC Standard 6-5.1
- All matter is made up of particles too small to be seen.
These particles are always moving.
- Thermal energy is the energy of the motion of these
particles. Since all matter has particles that move, all
matter has thermal energy.

4. Heat Energy
SC Standard 6-5.1
- Heat energy is the transfer of thermal energy
When they touch The yellow box
thermal energy Heat
has more thermal
transfers from42°C 32°C
33°C
34°C
35°C
36°C
37°C
38°C
39°C
40°C
41°C
42°C 32°C
31°C
30°C
29°C
28°C
27°C
26°C
25°C
24°C
23°C
22°C energy than the
Heat
yellow to blue blue box

5. Heat Energy
SC Standard 6-5.1
Heat Energy (continued)
- As heat is added to a substance, the particles move
faster and the temperature goes up.
- The faster the particles move, the higher the
temperature.
water ice steam
- Sources of heat energy: the Sun, electricity, or any
Sun electricity
material that is burning (wood, candle wax, coal).

6. Thermal Energy and Heat SC Standard 6-5.1
Thermal Energy and Heat
a. All matter is made up of particles too small to be seen.
These particles are always moving.
b. Thermal energy is the energy of the motion of these
particles. All matter has thermal energy because all
matter is made of particles that move.
c. Heat energy is the transfer of thermal energy.
d. As heat is added to a substance, the particles move Heat
faster and the temperature goes up.
e. The faster the particles move, the higher the temperature.
f. Sources of heat energy: the Sun, electricity, or any material
that is burning (wood, candle wax, coal).
Click the boxes below to select the statements that are true.
The particles in ice do not move, The particles in ice do not move, The particles in ice move quickly,
since ice is very cold. since ice is a solid. since ice is very cold.
The particles in ice move slowly, Particles in the Sun move quickly Particles in the Sun move slowly
since ice is very cold. because the Sun is very hot. because the Sun is in space.
Done

7. Solar Energy
SC Standard 6-5.1
- Solar Energy is energy from the Sun, which
provides heat and light energy for Earth.
- Solar cells can be used to convert solar energy
into electrical energy.

8. Solar Energy
SC Standard 6-5.1
- Green plants use solar energy during photosynthesis
to produce sugar, which contains stored chemical
energy.
- Most of the energy we use on Earth originally came
from the Sun.
Sun

9. Solar Energy
SC Standard 6-5.1
What do you feel when you Sun Plants Food You
rub your hands together?
You get energy from eating
Can you trace this thermal food that got energy from
energy back to the Sun? the Sun.

10. Solar Energy
SC Standard 6-5.1
Solar Energy
a. Solar energy energy from the Sun, which provides
heat and light energy for Earth.
b. Solar cells an be used to convert solar energy to
electrical energy.
c. Green plants use solar energy during photosynthesis to
produce sugar, which contains stored chemical energy.
d. Most of the energy we use on Earth originally came Solar
from the Sun.
Which of the following use photosynthesis to turn solar energy into
chemical energy?
trees bears solar cells grass cactus people
Done

11. SC Standard 6-5.1
2. Solar Energy
a. Solar energy is energy from the Sun, which provides
heat and light energy for Earth.
b. Solar cells an be used to convert solar energy to
electrical energy.
c. Green plants use solar energy during photosynthesis to
produce sugar, which contains stored chemical energy.
d. Most of the energy we use on Earth originally came Solar
from the Sun.
Click the boxes below to select the statements that are true.
Solar cells convert solar energy into The Sun provides heat energy and
Sugar contains chemical energy
heat. light energy for the Earth.
Most of the Sun's energy is used on The energy you get from eating food Green animals use photosynthesis
Earth. came from the Sun. to make sugar.
Done

12. Chemical Energy
SC Standard 6-5.1
- Chemical energy is energy stored in particles of
matter.
- Chemical energy can be released when these particles
react to form new substances.
- Sources of chemical energy: batteries, food, or fuel.
batteries
We do not usually see the effects of chemical energy until it is
released and transforms. What forms of energy does chemical
energy transform into below?
Electrical Heat, Light Chemical Energy in
and Sound your muscles (or fat)

13. Electrical Energy
SC Standard 6-5.1
- Electrical energy is the energy flowing in an
electric circuit.
circuit
- Sources of electrical energy include:
i. Stored chemical energy in batteries
ii. Solar energy in solar cells
iii.Fuel or hydroelectric energy in generators.
These are pictures of different ways we can produce
electricity. They all require magnets except one.
Hydroelectric Solar Fossil Fuels Nuclear Wind

14. Chemical and Electric Energy SC Standard 6-5.1
Chemical Energy
a. Chemical energy is energy stored in particles of matter.
b. Chemical energy can be released, for example in batteries or
food, when these particles react to form new substances. Chemical
Electrical Energy
a. Electrical energy is the energy flowing in an electric
circuit.
b. Sources of electrical energy include:
i. Stored chemical energy in batteries Electrical
ii. Solar energy in solar cells
iii. Fuel or hydroelectric energy in generators.
Click the boxes below to select the statements that are true.
Solar Cells and hydroelectric Chemical energy is energy that Electrical energy is energy that
generators produce electricity. flows in a circuit. flows in a circuit.
When chemical energy is released, Chemical energy is stored in
Electrical energy is stored energy.
new substances are formed. particles of matter.
Done

15. Mechanical Energy
SC Standard 6-5.1
- Mechanical energy comes in two forms.
o the motion of an object (kinetic energy)
o the position of an object (potential energy)

16. Mechanical Kinetic Energy
SC Standard 6-5.1
- Mechanical kinetic energy is the
energy an object has due to its motion.
motion
- A moving car has kinetic energy.
- If a car moves faster, it has more kinetic
faster
energy.

17. Mechanical Potential Energy
SC Standard 6-5.1
- Mechanical potential energy is stored
energy related to the position of an object.
- A stretched rubber band has potential energy
because it will move when let go.
- Water behind a dam has potential energy
because it can fall down the dam.

18. Mechanical Energy
SC Standard 6-5.1
Mechanical energy can be kinetic or potential.
a. Mechanical potential energy is stored energy related to
the position of an object. A stretched rubber band has
potential energy because it will move when let go.
Water behind a dam has potential energy because it
can fall down the dam.
b. Mechanical kinetic energy is the energy an object has
due to its motion. Kinetic energy increases as an object Mechanical
moves faster. A moving car has kinetic energy. If a car
moves faster, it has more kinetic energy.
Which ball has the most kinetic energy?
RED BLUE YELLOW BLACK
Done

19. Mechanical Energy
SC Standard 6-5.1
Mechanical energy can be kinetic or potential.
a. Mechanical potential energy is stored energy related to
the position of an object. A stretched rubber band has
potential energy because it will move when let go.
Water behind a dam has potential energy because it
can fall down the dam.
b. Mechanical kinetic energy is the energy an object has
due to its motion. Kinetic energy increases as an object Mechanical
moves faster. A moving car has kinetic energy. If a car
moves faster, it has more kinetic energy.
Which ball has the least kinetic energy?
RED BLUE YELLOW BLACK
Done

20. Mechanical Energy
SC Standard 6-5.1
Mechanical energy can be kinetic or potential.
a. Mechanical potential energy is stored energy related to
the position of an object. A stretched rubber band has
potential energy because it will move when let go.
Water behind a dam has potential energy because it
can fall down the dam.
b. Mechanical kinetic energy is the energy an object has
due to its motion. Kinetic energy increases as an object Mechanical
moves faster. A moving car has kinetic energy. If a car
moves faster, it has more kinetic energy.
Which ball has the least amount of mechanical energy?
RED BLUE YELLOW BLACK
Done

21. Mechanical Energy SC Standard 6-5.1
Mechanical energy can be kinetic or potential.
a. Mechanical potential energy is stored energy related to
the position of an object. A stretched rubber band has
potential energy because it will move when let go.
Water behind a dam has potential energy because it
can fall down the dam.
b. Mechanical kinetic energy is the energy an object has
due to its motion. Kinetic energy increases as an object Mechanical
moves faster. A moving car has kinetic energy. If a car
moves faster, it has more kinetic energy.
Why doesn’t the black ball have mechanical energy?
It is moving It is not moving It is off of the ground It is on the ground
Done

22. Mechanical Energy
SC Standard 6-5.1
Mechanical energy can be kinetic or potential.
a. Mechanical potential energy is stored energy related to
the position of an object. A stretched rubber band has
potential energy because it will move when let go.
Water behind a dam has potential energy because it
can fall down the dam.
b. Mechanical kinetic energy is the energy an object has
due to its motion. Kinetic energy increases as an object Mechanical
moves faster. A moving car has kinetic energy. If a car
moves faster, it has more kinetic energy.
Which balls below have kinetic energy?
RED BLUE YELLOW BLACK
Done

23. Mechanical Energy SC Standard 6-5.1
Mechanical energy can be kinetic or potential.
a. Mechanical potential energy is stored energy related to
the position of an object. A stretched rubber band has
potential energy because it will move when let go.
Water behind a dam has potential energy because it
can fall down the dam.
b. Mechanical kinetic energy is the energy an object has
due to its motion. Kinetic energy increases as an object Mechanical
moves faster. A moving car has kinetic energy. If a car
moves faster, it has more kinetic energy.
Why do the blue and yellow balls have kinetic energy?
They are moving They are not moving They are off of the ground They are on the ground
Done

24. Mechanical Energy
SC Standard 6-5.1
Mechanical energy can be kinetic or potential.
a. Mechanical potential energy is stored energy related to
the position of an object. A stretched rubber band has
potential energy because it will move when let go.
Water behind a dam has potential energy because it
can fall down the dam.
b. Mechanical kinetic energy is the energy an object has
due to its motion. Kinetic energy increases as an object Mechanical
moves faster. A moving car has kinetic energy. If a car
moves faster, it has more kinetic energy.
Which balls below have potential energy?
RED BLUE YELLOW BLACK
Done

25. Mechanical Energy SC Standard 6-5.1
Mechanical energy can be kinetic or potential.
a. Mechanical potential energy is stored energy related to
the position of an object. A stretched rubber band has
potential energy because it will move when let go.
Water behind a dam has potential energy because it
can fall down the dam.
b. Mechanical kinetic energy is the energy an object has
due to its motion. Kinetic energy increases as an object Mechanical
moves faster. A moving car has kinetic energy. If a car
moves faster, it has more kinetic energy.
Why do the red and yellow balls have potential energy?
They are moving They are not moving They are off of the ground They are on the ground
Done