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2011 CLIENT SUMMIT
Building Organizations with Strategic Sustainability




 Aligning Performance Levers
      For Breakthrough Sales Results
               Mike Kunkle
  September 16, 2011
Performance Levers
The Plan

Agenda
 Overview:
   – Background, Definition, Six-Project Approach, Why It’s Worth the Effort
 Walk-through of the Six Projects
 Case Example
 Appendix: Helpful Resources




            “Everybody's got plans... until they get hit.” Mike Tyson          2
Performance Levers
Overview | Definition

A sad but true tale
          “Karen, we need sales training!”


           Karen reviews sales training.




                                             3
Performance Levers
Overview | Definition

A sad but true tale
           Karen selects sales training.




                            Note: Miller Heiman is a fine company. This is an example. It is not meant
                                  as an endorsement nor a condemnation.

                                                                                                     4
Performance Levers
Overview | Definition

A sad but true tale
           Karen delivers sales training.
                                        Training Expenses




                                                            5
Performance Levers
Overview | Definition

A sad but true tale
          “Karen, what happened!?”




                                     6
Performance Levers
   Overview | Definition

   A sad but true tale                                                                              A Xerox
According to a Sales Performance International study, most sales professionals forget at least       study
                         “Karen, what happened!?”
50% of what they learned in training programs in less than five weeks. For over 44% of 6,000
                                                                                                    showed
 sales professionals surveyed, they forget in less than one month. Further, salespeople only
         remember 16% of content from sales training workshops after only 90 days.               that 87% of
                                                                                                       the
                                                                                                 knowledge
           According to ES Research Group, 85% of                                                 learned in
            sales training results in no long-term                                                    sales
                                                                                                   training is
                   impact in performance.                                                         lost within
                                                                                                   12 weeks.

  A study at Columbia University found that
    up to 95% of what is taught in training
   programs is wasted through a failure to                               Something has to change!
      transfer learning to the workplace.
                                                                                                                 7
Performance Levers
Overview | Definition
                                                          Performance
An alternative                                          Lever Alignment

                    Performer                              Organization
                     Analysis

                                                            Function
Performance                      Sales & Sales
    Lever                          Manager
 Alignment                         Selection                 Position
                   The Six
                 Performance
                Lever Projects                                  Task

Sales & Sales                    Performance
  Manager                            Lever
  Training                       Identification

                                                  Real Sales
                      Best
                    Practices                     Performance
                    Capture
                                                  Improvement
                                                                          8
Performance Levers
Overview | Definition

Performance Levers
 Critical competencies, knowledge, skills, behaviors and conditions which
  must be present for ethical, sustained high-performance to occur.
 Conditions include other organizational elements such as compensation,
  processes, policies, systems, technology, tools, culture, and more.

Examples: Appointment Setting
Competencies                Knowledge                  Skill/Behaviors                     Conditions
   Assertiveness      How products work            Tracking lead results      Compensation
   Attitude           How to organize leads        Setting appointments       Processes, Policies & Procedures
   Energy Level       How to set appointments      Opening a sales call       Systems, Technology & Tools
   Verbal Skill       How to use collateral        Probing for needs          Performance Management
   Sociability        Sales process stages         Presenting solutions       Reporting
   Independence       How to get answers           Negotiating                And more…




                                                                                                                     9
Performance Levers
Overview | Definition

 Imagine an 8-cylinder engine, firing on all 8 cylinders.

                               1
                        8               2

                    7                       3

                        6               4
                               5

                                                             10
Performance Levers
Overview | Definition

 What happens if it’s only firing on 4 cylinders?

                               1
                       8               2

                   7                       3

                       6               4
                               5

                                                     11
Performance Levers
Overview | Definition

 What if more than one system isn’t working well?


       System 1
       • Engine




       System 2
       • Drive Train


                                                     12
Performance Levers
Overview | Definition

 How is this different in organizations?
   System 1
   Hiring                      System 2
                               Learning & Development
          System 3
          Compensation                      System 4
                                            Sales Process
     System 5
     Coaching | Management
                                     System #...
                                     And more…

                                                            13
Performance Levers
Overview | Definition

 How is this different in organizations?




                    It’s Not!

                                            14
Performance Levers
       Overview | Definition

     Types of Levers                                                          It’s “Systems Thinking”
      Organization (Company)
                                                                                                     Organization

      Function (Department)
                                                                                                        Function
      Position (Role / Job)
         • Task (subset)                                                                                 Position



                                                                                                            Task
Competencies                Knowledge                 Skill/Behaviors                      Conditions
   Assertiveness      How products work            Tracking lead results       Compensation
   Attitude           How to organize leads        Setting appointments        Processes, Policies & Procedures
   Energy Level       How to set appointments      Opening a sales call        Systems, Technology & Tools
   Verbal Skill       How to use collateral        Probing for needs           Performance Management
   Sociability        Sales process stages         Presenting solutions        Reporting
   Independence       How to get answers           Negotiating                 And more..

                                                                              http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_Thinking   15
Performance Levers                                                                                                O
                                                                                                                  F
Overview | Definition                                                                                             P
                                                                                                                  T


Sales Training + Levers = Sales Effectiveness
 Sales Training                                               Sales Effectiveness *
    Is an important part of “sales effectiveness”  Includes much more than training
    Preceded by a training needs analysis                       Preceded by a performance gap analysis
    Based on learning objectives                                Based on performance objectives
                                                                 Improves workplace behaviors and
    Improves knowledge, skills, or attitudes
                                                                  outcomes
    Requires instructional design and/or
                                                                 Also requires performance consulting skills
     training delivery skills
    Output includes courses, curricula, training                Output includes learning systems,
     events (e-learning, self-directed,                           processes, policies, technology, systems,
     classroom/instructor-led, field training)                    best practices and more
    Tactical: Focused on who, what, why, how,                   Strategic: Focused on organizational
     when & where                                                 alignment to support high performance

             * Also referred to as Sales Force Effectiveness, Sales Enablement or Sales Performance Development
                                                                                                                      16
Performance Levers                                        O
                                                          F
Overview | Definition                                     P
                                                          T



Where to Start? I used to consider…
 What can you control (or most strongly influence)?
 Within that span:
   – What is the easiest win? (low-hanging fruit)
   – Where is the biggest gain? (most mileage)
   – What is the biggest pain? (biggest problem solved)

All logical… but these days, to get started…



                                                              17
Performance Levers                                                                     O
                                                                                       F
Overview | Definition                                                                  P
                                                                                       T


…I Suggest This:
            Get sourcing, selection, and promoting right:
               Identify the right competencies by role (sales/mgt)
Selection      Upgrade processes for sourcing and hiring employees
               Upgrade processes for developing and promoting employees
            Do a Position-level Performance Lever analysis:
               Put strong focus here - on the Position levers
 Position      Identify Levers, capture Best Practices and upgrade learning systems
               Get this right for frontline Sales & Sales Management Roles
  Levers       Align as many supporting organizational levers as you can
               Show results
               Then start “tying strings” (aligning) to other levers and functions
            Pure training task analysis: Identify Levers, capture Best Practices and:
  Task         Conduct a great task analysis
                                                     Importance      Difficulty     Frequency
 Levers        Write the tasks into training
               Gather importance, difficulty and frequency to make good training decisions


                                                                                                18
Performance Levers                                                                                             O
                                                                                                               F
Overview | Definition                                                                                          P
                                                                                                               T



Selection + Sales & Management Levers + Supporting Org Levers
                                                        Train the Sales
                 Select for the                         Position Levers
                 Competencies
                                                                                                 Train the Sales
                                                                                               Management Levers


                                                         Territory        Consultative          What & How to Train
                        Competencies   Sales Planning
    Align                                               Management          Selling

 Compensation                                                                                 How to Diagnose Levers
                          Account       Technology &      Pipeline        Account
                          Selection       Tool Use      Management      Development
                                                                                                   How to Coach

      Remove Policy &                                                                             How to Manage
       SOP Barriers                                                                                Performance

                                  Improve Internal                Track Success
                                      Service                        Metrics


                                                Note: These are just examples and may not be right for your organization
                                                                                                                           19
Performance Levers                                                                      O
                                                                                        F
Overview | Definition                                                                   P
                                                                                        T



What are They in Your World? Start Thinking Now….
Varies by Role But                What Should You Add / Subtract For Your Company?
Will Include…                        Document and discuss ideas with top producers & leaders
   Competencies                     Agree on a hypothesis
   Sourcing| Selection              Perform the analysis | Conduct the research
   Compensation                           Survey(s)
   Reporting                              Interviews | Focus Groups
And May Include…                           Observation
   Product Knowledge
   Setting Goals & Objectives    Your Performance Lever Mix
   Lead Management
   Technology | Tools
   Account Selection
   Consultative Selling Skills
   Pipeline Management
   Account Management
   Account Development
   Follow-up | Follow-through
   Training | Coaching
   Action Planning
   …and more…
                                                                                                20
Performance Levers
Overview | Definition

High-Level Overview: DIY “How To”
 Performer Analysis (Who To Study)
 Sales & Sales Manager Selection (How to Select, Promote & Develop)
    – Assessments, competencies, sourcing, interviewing, selection, tracking, validation
 Performance Lever Identification (What Really Drives Performance)
    – Interviews to create hypotheses for Performance Levers (sales reps & sales managers)
    – Surveys to confirm / hone Performance Levers
 Best Practices Capture (Details of Each Position/Task Lever)
    – Interviews / focus groups / observation to gather Best Practices
 (Re)Design Training for Sales & Sales Managers (Share the Knowledge)
    – Learning systems: pre-work, training, post-work, reinforcement, measurement,
      reporting
 Align Other Levers (Support the Levers Every Way Possible)
    – Measure, report, feedback, adjust, repeat

                                                        Which becomes….
                                                                                             21
Performance Levers                                                        .
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                                                                                   .




 Overview | Definition – The Six Projects                                  .



                                                                               .
                                                                                   .




                                             The Six Performance Lever Projects
                Performer
                 Analysis
                                                Performer Analysis
                                                Sales & Sales Manager Selection
Performance
    Lever
                            Sales & Sales
                              Manager
                                                Performance Lever Identification
 Alignment                    Selection
                                                Best Practices Capture
                                                Sales & Sales Manager Training
                                                Performance Lever Alignment

Sales & Sales               Performance
  Manager                       Lever
  Training                  Identification


                  Best
                Practices
                Capture




                                                                                       22
Performance Levers
Overview – Why Go Through All This?

Just a few of the many reasons…
   Better hiring | shorter-ramp up for new hires and promotions
   Geometric growth for incumbents (vs. incremental)
   Greater customer satisfaction & loyalty
   Break out of “80/20 prison”
   Improve “average” performance levels across the organization
   Rewards and incentives that drive the right behavior
   Systemic alignment fosters clarity and focus – people “feel better”
    (reduced frustration and cognitive dissonance)

But most importantly, we do it for the bottom-line results…


                                                                          23
Performance Levers
Overview – Why Go Through All This?

The Outcome | Bottom-line Results (Real Examples):
 A $398MM sales revenue increase, a $9.96MM net profit increase and a
  400% return on investment
 Increased sales per rep by 47% through changes in territory management
  and sales coaching
 Increased sales results 600% over previous year while decreasing net
  operating expenses by 21%
 Improved average profitability per rep by 11% in 4 months
 Improved processing efficiency (order pull-through) by 16% in 6 months.
 Newly-hired and trained 4-month employees outperformed a control
  group of untrained 5-year employees
 Increased loans closed per FTE in the 3-month period after training by 2.3
  per month (average revenue increase of $183K per class or $36.6MM in 12
  months)

                                                                               24
Thanks for Reading!




           Next up: “DIY | How To” with The Six Projects


                          Mike Kunkle
http://www.linkedin.com/in/mikekunkle   http://bit.ly/InviteMike-LinkedIn
mike_kunkle@mindspring.com
Performance Levers                                                        .
                                                                               .



                                                                                   .




 DIY | How To - The Six Projects                                           .



                                                                               .
                                                                                   .




                                             The Six Performance Lever Projects
                Performer
                 Analysis
                                                Performer Analysis
                                                Sales & Sales Manager Selection
Performance
    Lever
                            Sales & Sales
                              Manager
                                                Performance Lever Identification
 Alignment                    Selection
                                                Best Practices Capture
                                                Sales & Sales Manager Training
                                                Performance Lever Alignment

Sales & Sales               Performance
  Manager                       Lever
  Training                  Identification


                  Best
                Practices
                Capture




                                                                                       26
Performance Levers                                                        .
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                                                                                   .




 DIY | How To - Performer Analysis                                         .



                                                                               .
                                                                                   .




                                             The Six Performance Lever Projects
                Performer
                 Analysis
                                                Performer Analysis
                                                Sales & Sales Manager Selection
Performance
    Lever
                            Sales & Sales
                              Manager
                                                Performance Lever Identification
 Alignment                    Selection
                                                Best Practices Capture
                                                Sales & Sales Manager Training
                                                Performance Lever Alignment

Sales & Sales               Performance
  Manager                       Lever
  Training                  Identification


                  Best
                Practices
                Capture




                                                                                       27
Performance Levers                                                               .
                                                                                      .



                                                                                          .




 DIY | How To - Performer Analysis                                                .



                                                                                      .
                                                                                          .




                                             Performer Analysis
                Performer                       WHAT:
                 Analysis
                                                 Identify top, average & low producing sales
                                                 reps.
Performance                 Sales & Sales        Identify top, average & low producing sales
    Lever                     Manager
 Alignment                    Selection          managers.

                                                HOW:
                                                 Analyze a year of sales data & create a
                                                 weighted scoring system across multiple
                                                 metrics/products.
Sales & Sales               Performance          Some discussion & surveys with managers.
  Manager                       Lever
  Training                  Identification
                                                WHY:
                                                 Provides a mix of performers to study in various
                  Best
                Practices                        ways, to determine true differentiating factors.
                Capture




                                                                                               28
Performance Levers                                                                   .
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                                                                                                 .




  DIY | How To - Performer Analysis                                                    .



                                                                                             .
                                                                                                 .




  Example of Performer Categories                                                                    n=
                    New = >30 days, <271 days
  Top New Reps                                                 Often “top” includes tiers:           39
                    Top = In the Top Quartile of all metrics
                                                                4% | 10% | 15% | 25%
                    Seasoned = >365 days (many 5+ years)
Top Seasoned Reps                                                                                    307
                    Top = In the Top Quartile of all metrics
  Average Reps      Selected randomly, between mean and median production                            298
Low Producer Reps   Selected randomly from the bottom 20%                                            348
Top SM Producers    Top = In the Top Quartile of all metrics, personal production                    15
  Top SM Team
                    Top = Top Quartile all metrics, w/o SM results + survey of their Mgr             52
    Managers
                    Top = In Top Producer group personally + Top Quartile all metrics w/o SM
   Top SM Both                                                                                       5
                    results + survey of their Mgr
Average SM (Team) Selected randomly, between mean and median production                              79
Low Performing SM
                  Selected randomly from the bottom 20%                                              32
     (Team)

                                                                                                          29
Performance Levers                                                                             .
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DIY | How To - Performer Analysis                                                              .



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Example of Sales Metrics
                      Metrics                            Quarterly Weighting *
                         Create a weighted scoring system…
                    # of Sales                                  Med-High (2-3)
                    $ Volume                                      Low (1)
           Pull-Through Rate                                        Med (1-2)
          Avg # Sales/Day/Rep                                       High (3-4)
            Avg $ Vol/Day/Rep                                   Med-High (2-3)
            Cross-Sell Percent                                   Med (1-2)

  * Review the last 12 months & the last quarter. Weight the quarter more heavily. Blend the scores.
                                                                                                           30
Performance Levers                              .
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                                                        .




DIY | How To - Performer Analysis               .



                                                    .
                                                        .




Example of Analysis – Sales Reps
        Low
        High
        4th Quartile
        Mean Avg.      Sort Descending
        Median         Highlight 4th Quartile
                       Apply Weighting
                       Repeat & Total




                                                            31
Performance Levers                              .
                                                    .



                                                        .




DIY | How To - Performer Analysis               .



                                                    .
                                                        .




Example of Analysis – Sales Reps
        Low
        High
        4th Quartile
        Mean Avg.      Sort Descending
        Median         Highlight 4th Quartile
                       Apply Weighting
                       Repeat & Total




                                                            32
Performance Levers                     .
                                           .



                                               .




DIY | How To - Performer Analysis      .



                                           .
                                               .




Example of Analysis – Sales Managers
Consider things like:
 Avg Productivity
  – Avg # and $/rep /time
 Engagement: % of team
  producing and/or goal %/rep
 Total Team Sales: $ and #
 Avg Time to 1st Sale (new reps)
 Pipeline Stats & Pull-through %
 Cross-sell Ratios or Penetration
 Trend Indicators (actual # last
  month, avg/month over 13
  weeks, avg/month past year)
 Survey Their Managers
  – Remove the “luck” factor
  – Remove “inherited territory”
  – Remove “one great rep”



                                                   33
Performance Levers                                                                             .
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                                                                                                       .




DIY | How To - Performer Analysis                                                              .



                                                                                                   .
                                                                                                       .




                                  Partner with Smart People with SAS, SPSS, or Minitab *
                                          to Crunch Data for Validity, as Needed




 * Of course, learning research methodology and statistics is a viable option for the brave…
                                                                                                           34
Performance Levers                                                       .
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                                                                                  .




 DIY | How To - Sales & Manager Selection                                 .



                                                                              .
                                                                                  .




                                             The Six Performance Lever Projects
                Performer
                 Analysis
                                                Performer Analysis
                                                Sales & Sales Manager Selection
Performance
    Lever
                            Sales & Sales
                              Manager
                                                Performance Lever Identification
 Alignment                    Selection
                                                Best Practices Capture
                                                Sales & Sales Manager Training
                                                Performance Lever Alignment

Sales & Sales               Performance
  Manager                       Lever
  Training                  Identification


                  Best
                Practices
                Capture




                                                                                      35
Performance Levers                                                                 .
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                                                                                            .




 DIY | How To - Sales & Manager Selection                                           .



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                                                                                            .




                                             Sales & Sales Manager Selection
                Performer
                                                WHAT:
                 Analysis                        Psychometric assessments that measure
                                                 thinking styles, behavioral traits and interest.
Performance                 Sales & Sales
    Lever                     Manager           HOW:
 Alignment                    Selection          Online, using the PXT or PSA.

                                                WHY:
                                                 The assessments will help you identify hiring
                                                 competencies.
                                                 You can identify statistically validated
Sales & Sales               Performance
  Manager                       Lever            performance models that predict success,
  Training                  Identification       based on your top performers.
                                                 You can use the results to further develop &
                  Best                           coach your current leaders.
                Practices
                Capture                          You can better identify future leaders, who are
                                                 like your very best today.

                                                                                                    36
Performance Levers                                                                                                                        .
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DIY | How To - Sales & Manager Selection                                                                                                  .



                                                                                                                                                .
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Methods
    Competency Identification
    Interview Methods
    Other Checks
    Psychometric Assessments
    Job Matching
    Blended Models

                      My Favorite?
         Blended w/ Psychometric + Job Matching
Sources:
 Professor Mike Smith, University of Manchester, August 1994
 John E. Hunter and Ronda F. Hunter, Validity and Utility of Alternative Predictors of Job Performance, Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 96, No.1, 1984, p. 90
 Robert P. Tett, Douglas N. Jackson, and Mitchell Rothstein, Personality Measures as Predictors of Job Performance: A Meta-Analytical Review,
   Personnel Psychology, Winter 1991, p.703. Michigan State University’s School of Business.                                                                  37
Performance Levers                                                       .
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DIY | How To - Sales & Manager Selection                                 .



                                                                             .
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Psychometric Assessments
 Thinking | Cognitive Factors
                                             One-third of the
 Behavioral Traits
                                              Hiring Decision
 Occupational Interests
Get it right:
 Normative vs. Ipsative                      Exactly what PI
 Focus on Predictive Validity                 Recommends
 Use the same Performer Categories from your other Analysis
    – Compare top | middle | bottom - look for differentiating factors
 Hire, develop and promote based on those factors, as well as performance
  data (whenever possible)



                                                                                     38
Performance Levers                                                      .
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 DIY | How To - Performance Lever Identification                         .



                                                                             .
                                                                                 .




                                             The Six Performance Lever Projects
                Performer
                 Analysis
                                                Performer Analysis
                                                Sales & Sales Manager Selection
Performance
    Lever
                            Sales & Sales
                              Manager
                                                Performance Lever Identification
 Alignment                    Selection
                                                Best Practices Capture
                                                Sales & Sales Manager Training
                                                Other Performance Lever Alignment

Sales & Sales               Performance
  Manager                       Lever
  Training                  Identification


                  Best
                Practices
                Capture




                                                                                     39
Performance Levers                                                                .
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 DIY | How To - Performance Lever Identification                                   .



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                                             Performance Lever Identification
                Performer                       WHAT:
                 Analysis
                                                 Identify the knowledge, skills, behaviors or
                                                 conditions that must exist for ethical, sustained,
Performance                 Sales & Sales        high performance to occur.
    Lever                     Manager
 Alignment                    Selection          Formulate hypotheses about what the levers
                                                 are for frontline sales and sales management
                                                 roles.
                                                 Confirm and validate the levers through
                                                 research.

Sales & Sales               Performance         HOW:
  Manager                       Lever            Through discussion, surveys, interviews, focus
  Training                  Identification
                                                 groups, and observation of frontline sales reps
                                                 and their managers.
                  Best
                Practices
                Capture                         WHY:
                                                 This will confirm where to focus your efforts
                                                 capturing Best Practices, which provides
                                                 training content.                             40
Performance Levers                                .
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                                                          .




DIY | How To - Performance Lever Identification   .



                                                      .
                                                          .




Formulating the Hypotheses
 Start with some known practices
 Talk with:
   –   Executives
   –   Other leaders
   –   Frontline sales reps
   –   Frontline sales managers
   –   Sales operations and support staff
   –   And possibly, customers
 Label the big buckets and detail the tasks
 Don’t get married – you’re just dating
 Build the surveys to confirm the hypotheses

                                                              41
Performance Levers                                                   .
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DIY | How To - Performance Lever Identification                      .



                                                                         .
                                                                             .




                                            Identify the high-level
Survey Design                          Performance Levers (hypotheses)




    Document the potential tasks for
        the Performance Lever




                                       Ask what you’ve missed



                                                                                 42
Performance Levers                                                .
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DIY | How To - Performance Lever Identification                   .



                                                                      .
                                                                          .




Survey Design
                            Clearly define Performance Lever




                                                               Define the role




     Add instructions for
    completing the survey


                                                                              43
Performance Levers                                                                         .
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DIY | How To - Performance Lever Identification                                            .



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Survey Design
   Rate the statement provided.
                                      Using empathy statements to acknowledge a prospect’s situation/feelings
   How much do you agree it’s a
    Performance Lever?
   If rated 1-2, next question.
   If rated 3-5:
        Importance & Difficulty
   And in some cases:
        Frequency: Actual & Should




 In addition, you should ask what you missed, by Lever, and a handful of other
  questions – such as normal demographics & Continue | Start | Stop.                                      44
Performance Levers                                                                                   .
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DIY | How To - Performance Lever Identification                                                      .



                                                                                                         .
                                                                                                             .




                                  Partner with Smart People with SAS, SPSS, or Minitab *
                                          to Crunch Data for Validity, as Needed

                                                        Look Familiar?




 * Of course, learning research methodology and statistics is STILL a viable option for the brave…
                                                                                                                 45
Performance Levers                                                        .
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                                                                                   .




 DIY | How To - Best Practices Capture                                     .



                                                                               .
                                                                                   .




                                             The Six Performance Lever Projects
                Performer
                 Analysis
                                                Performer Analysis
                                                Sales & Sales Manager Selection
Performance
    Lever
                            Sales & Sales
                              Manager
                                                Performance Lever Identification
 Alignment                    Selection
                                                Best Practices Capture
                                                Sales & Sales Manager Training
                                                Performance Lever Alignment

Sales & Sales               Performance
  Manager                       Lever
  Training                  Identification


                  Best
                Practices
                Capture




                                                                                       46
Performance Levers                                                               .
                                                                                      .



                                                                                          .




 DIY | How To - Best Practices Capture                                            .



                                                                                      .
                                                                                          .




                                             Best Practices Capture
                Performer                       WHAT:
                 Analysis
                                                 Document the best practices and differentiating
                                                 behaviors of top performers, which can be
Performance                 Sales & Sales        replicated and trained.
    Lever                     Manager
 Alignment                    Selection
                                                HOW:
                                                 Through discussion, interviews, focus groups
                                                 and observation of the frontline sales reps and
                                                 managers identified during Performer Analysis.

Sales & Sales               Performance         WHY:
  Manager                       Lever            To share best practices broadly and (re)design
  Training                  Identification
                                                 training around them.
                  Best
                Practices
                Capture




                                                                                                  47
Performance Levers                                                     .
                                                                           .



                                                                               .




DIY | How To - Best Practices Capture                                  .



                                                                           .
                                                                               .




Data Collection Methods
 Interviews
   – In-person, phone, webinar
 Focus Groups                            Getting the Straight Scoop
   – In-person, webinar                    What really happens “out there”
                                           Account for the Hawthorne effect
 Field Observation                        Trust and strict confidentiality
   –   5-10 top performers                 Autonomy, mastery and purpose *
   –   3 average
   –   2 in ninth decile
   –   + More: pending time, resources & budget



                       * Thank you, Daniel Pink (author of Drive)                  48
Performance Levers                                                        .
                                                                               .



                                                                                   .




 DIY | How To - Sales & Sales Manager Training                             .



                                                                               .
                                                                                   .




                                             The Six Performance Lever Projects
                Performer
                 Analysis
                                                Performer Analysis
                                                Sales & Sales Manager Selection
Performance
    Lever
                            Sales & Sales
                              Manager
                                                Performance Lever Identification
 Alignment                    Selection
                                                Best Practices Capture
                                                Sales & Sales Manager Training
                                                Performance Lever Alignment

Sales & Sales               Performance
  Manager                       Lever
  Training                  Identification


                  Best
                Practices
                Capture




                                                                                       49
Performance Levers                                                              .
                                                                                     .



                                                                                         .




 DIY | How To - Sales & Sales Manager Training                                   .



                                                                                     .
                                                                                         .




                                             Sales & Sales Manager Training
                Performer                       WHAT:
                 Analysis
                                                 (Re)design sales and sales management training
                                                 (learning systems) around your best practices.
Performance                 Sales & Sales        Ensure that your training includes the right
    Lever                     Manager
 Alignment                    Selection          content and produces ethical, sustainable, high
                                                 performance in the real world.

                                                HOW:
                                                 Develop courses and implement learning and
                                                 transfer systems, incorporating what you’ve
Sales & Sales               Performance          learned in this research.
  Manager                       Lever
  Training                  Identification
                                                WHY:
                                                 To improve training, further share best
                  Best
                Practices                        practices, and improve work performance of
                Capture                          frontline sales reps and sales managers.


                                                                                               50
Performance Levers                                           .
                                                                 .



                                                                     .




DIY | How To - Sales & Sales Manager Training                .



                                                                 .
                                                                     .




Sales Training is the Easy Part
    Teach Position Performance Levers and Tasks!
Teach sales reps:
   If new, yes, do onboarding and orientations, but then…
   Focus on the major Performance Levers
   Teach the Performance Lever Tasks
   Create and share Performance Support
   Share Knowledge but Focus on Behaviors & Skills
   Build-in extensive Transfer Plans

Teach the Replicable Best Practices of Top Performers

                                                                         51
Performance Levers                                                  .
                                                                        .



                                                                            .




DIY | How To - Sales & Sales Manager Training                       .



                                                                        .
                                                                            .




As You Develop Sales Manager Training, Remember…
   Frontline Sales Management is the Pivotal Role!
Teach managers:
   What you teach reps (in advance) and how to train them
   How to diagnose and identify issues with Performance Levers
   How to coach to improve levers (behavioral coaching)
   How to develop motivational action plans (management science)
   How to reinforce, reward, and manage performance
   NOTE: It’s another lever, but reward managers for the above
        Teach Them To Get Results Through Others

                                                                                52
Performance Levers                                                        .
                                                                               .



                                                                                   .




 DIY | How To - Performance Lever Alignment                                .



                                                                               .
                                                                                   .




                                             The Six Performance Lever Projects
                Performer
                 Analysis
                                                Performer Analysis
                                                Sales & Sales Manager Selection
Performance
    Lever
                            Sales & Sales
                              Manager
                                                Performance Lever Identification
 Alignment                    Selection
                                                Best Practices Capture
                                                Sales & Sales Manager Training
                                                Performance Lever Alignment

Sales & Sales               Performance
  Manager                       Lever
  Training                  Identification


                  Best
                Practices
                Capture




                                                                                       53
Performance Levers                                                              .
                                                                                     .



                                                                                         .




 DIY | How To - Performance Lever Alignment                                      .



                                                                                     .
                                                                                         .




                                             Performance Lever Alignment
                Performer                       WHAT:
                 Analysis
                                                 Review policies, practices, processes,
                                                 procedures, systems, compensations, and other
Performance                 Sales & Sales        organization factors.
    Lever                     Manager
 Alignment                    Selection
                                                HOW:
                                                 By sharing study results with other
                                                 organizational leaders and discussing how you
                                                 can best support the Performance Levers and
                                                 Best Practices.
Sales & Sales               Performance          If you have an OD team, get them involved.
  Manager                       Lever
  Training                  Identification
                                                WHY:
                                                 To align as many other organizational elements
                  Best
                Practices
                                                 as possible to support the performance levers
                Capture                          and best practices – to create an environment
                                                 which supports sales success as much as
                                                 possible.
                                                                                                 54
Performance Levers                                                       .
                                                                             .



                                                                                 .




DIY | How To - Performance Lever Alignment                               .



                                                                             .
                                                                                 .




Recommended Initial Focus for Lever Alignment
 Get sales compensation right – rely on experts, if needed
 Get out of the “Sales Prevention Business”
   – Ask frontline reps and managers, you’ll hear plenty to fix
 Eliminate restrictive policies designed for situations that occur
  once a quarter
 Conduct a Force Field Analysis* with top sales performers and
  sales managers – remove restraining forces first




                     * Thank you, Kurt Lewin, for Force Field Analysis               55
Thanks for Reading!




                Next up: Case Example & Suggestions


                          Mike Kunkle
http://www.linkedin.com/in/mikekunkle   http://bit.ly/InviteMike-LinkedIn
mike_kunkle@mindspring.com
Case Example
B2B Financial Services Company

Sales Performance Levers Applied to:
 B2B Financial Services
 Wholesale Mortgage Origination Channel
 Low Base | High Commission
Case Example
B2B Financial Services Company

The Business Situation and Problems
 Good growth rate – Wall Street darling
 Original team was doing very well (top 20% delivering 80% of production)
 New Hires struggling – annualized NH turnover was growing fast
 Sales training was one week in a classroom, all lecture
 There was no reinforcement, planned transfer or evaluation
 Reporting was fragmented, hard to interpret, not actionable
 The best of the new sales people were promoted into management, but…
 No management training and managers each managed their own way
 Coaching was rare
 Performance management was, “You did X last month. You need to do Y next
  month or you’ll be fired”
 If you had industry sales experience, wanted the job, and could fog a mirror, the
  job was yours
 Few understood the complex compensation system.


                                                                                      58
Case Example
B2B Financial Services Company

Challenge from the President
 The President told our Performance Development team:

  “I believe in this group and what you were hired to do. But I
  want to be clear. If you can’t deliver on your promises about
  improving performance, you won’t be sitting at this table
  this time next year.”




                                                                  59
Case Example
B2B Financial Services Company

Performance Projects
 Analysis of past and past results | current state | current results. (Point A)
 Discussion with senior management on strategic direction, goals and performance
  objectives. (Point B)
 Analysis of traits, habits, skills and practices of carefully selected Top, Middle and
  Low Performers…
 Individual Interviews | Multiple Surveys | Focus Groups | Observations
 “Hiring Right” project – what’s the “right stuff” for our roles? How do we hire,
  develop and promote people effectively?
 Process analysis and documentation review for possible Lean projects
 Review of compensation and incentive programs and practices for sales
 Review of sales management practices
 Customer Interviews, Surveys, and Focus Groups
 So, basically, we ran The Six Projects (and included customer feedback).



                                                                                           60
Case Example
B2B Financial Services Company

We Created a Performance-Enhancing System
 Vetted the analysis, identified the levers and communicated everywhere
 Created 3-week sales training curriculum for new hires (2 weeks remote + 1 week
  in class) – taught all levers, changed behaviors in class & certified
 All new managers went through the program and were certified
 Taught incumbent managers separately and certified
 Developed a coaching program for managers (and yes, certified)
 Aligned comp, performance management and reporting/metrics
 Started work on the supporting levers
 Constant communication | monitoring with dashboard reports
 Quick feedback loops, performance hotline, adjusted course as needed
 Transitioned leaders to take ownership and accountability
 Top-down, C-level support was critical.




                                                                                    61
Case Example
B2B Financial Services Company

Some Results
 Reduced average ramp-up time to minimum acceptable performance for newly-
  hired/trained reps from 6 months to 3
 Increased average purchase from $156K to $167K
 Reduced turnover from 44% to 28% (new hire one-year from 78% to 24%)
 Increased size of “top producer” performers from 9% to 14%
 Increased New Customer “Stick Rate” (stat not available)
 Decreased “order” processing time by 16%
 Improved order pull-through from 47% to 54%

But most importantly…
 $398MM Increase in Revenue  $9.9MM Increase in Net Profit  400% Training ROI




                                                                                  62
Case Example
B2B Financial Services Company

Real-World Tips & “Gotchas” From This Case
 Analysis of traits, habits, skills and practices of carefully selected Top, Middle and
  Low Performers
   – Validate performer status closely: Especially rule out “inherited a great territory” and
     other factors that mask “earned” top-producer status
 Methods: Individual Interviews | Multiple Surveys | Focus Groups | Observations
  – You must see what they’re doing!
 Insert the Voice of the Customer – whenever possible: talk to them and listen!
 Be ruthless on process reviews. Streamline!
 Forget “sales experience.” Assess & Hire | Train & Develop
 Listen most closely to the real top producers, those moving up steadily, and
  superstar new hires who leap out of the gate
 Agree on what success looks like, with executives, upfront, and how it will be
  measured.



                                                                                                63
Thanks for Reading!




                     Next up: Helpful Resources


                          Mike Kunkle
http://www.linkedin.com/in/mikekunkle   http://bit.ly/InviteMike-LinkedIn
mike_kunkle@mindspring.com
Appendix
    Helpful Resources      




              .




         .         .




Aligning Performance Levers For
   Breakthrough Sales Results
         .         .




              .
Performance Levers                                              .
                                                                    .



                                                                        .




Helpful Resources                                               .



                                                                    .
                                                                        .




Analysis
   http://amzn.to/AnalyzingPerformanceProblems
   http://amzn.to/AnalysisImprovingPerformance
   http://bit.ly/FirstThingsFast
   http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/analysis/analysis.html
   http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_performance_technology
   http://www.pignc-ispi.com/articles/Vol42_05_08.pdf
   http://www.ue295.com/xtranet/html/timeline/harless.html




                                                                            66
Performance Levers                                                                  .
                                                                                        .



                                                                                            .




Helpful Resources                                                                   .



                                                                                        .
                                                                                            .




Selection | Psychometric Assessments
For those interested in further exploring assessments, you’re at the right
place. Here are some non-partisan, educational resources:
 http://www.uniformguidelines.com/index.html
 http://wdr.doleta.gov/opr/FULLTEXT/99-testassess.pdf
 http://www.shrm.org/about/foundation/research/Documents/assessmen
   t_methods.pdf
 http://rocket-hire.com
And the assessment company I obviously recommend:
 http://www.profilesinternational.com
   A Fun, True Story: I started in Feb 2011 at my current company. They didn’t just want me to
   just “pick” Profiles, based on my past experience, without additional due diligence. So we
   reviewed 8 vendors, ruled 5 out after an interview and review of methodology. We did 3
   RFPs, 3 presentations, and a second presentation with the final 2 vendors. Our 5-person
   committee unanimously selected Profiles International.
                                                                                                 67
Performance Levers                                     .
                                                           .



                                                               .




Helpful Resources                                      .



                                                           .
                                                               .




Performance Improvement
   http://bit.ly/Wallace6Pack
   http://bit.ly/BusinessProcessChange
   http://bit.ly/PerformanceConsultantsFieldbook
   http://amzn.to/HandbookImprovingPerformance
   http://amzn.to/HumanCompetence
   http://amzn.to/WhiteSpaceRevisited
   http://amzn.to/CompensatingTheSalesForce
   http://amzn.to/MgtPerformanceImprovementPlans
   http://amzn.to/TrainingAintPerformance
   http://amzn.to/FundamentalsPerformanceTechnology
   http://amzn.to/HandbookHPT
   http://amzn.to/HandbookHPT2
   http://amzn.to/SeriousPerformanceConsulting
   http://amzn.to/PerformanceArchitecture


                                                                   68
Performance Levers                                                .
                                                                      .



                                                                          .




Helpful Resources                                                 .



                                                                      .
                                                                          .




Best Practices
   http://amzn.to/MakingTheNumber ~ http://www.makingthenumber.com
   http://bit.ly/BestPracticeKnowledgeManagement
   http://bit.ly/IdentifyingOrgBestPractices
   http://www.csoinsights.com/sales-research-data
   http://www.csoinsights.com/Topics/Sales-Process-Best-Practices
   http://slidesha.re/BestPracticesWorldClassSales

Sales Best Practices Research
 http://www.achieveglobal.com/resources/?cat=1
 http://www.millerheiman.com/research_center/sales_best_practices_study/i
   ndex.html
 http://www.huthwaite.com/en/Resource%20Center/Whitepapers.aspx
 https://sec.executiveboard.com/Public/Default.aspx
 http://www.salesbenchmarkindex.com
 http://salesmanagement.org
                                                                              69
Performance Levers                                               .
                                                                     .



                                                                         .




Helpful Resources                                                .



                                                                     .
                                                                         .




Sales & Sales Management Training
   http://www.scribd.com/doc/46526471/Basic-Instructional-Design-Principles
   http://www.esresearch.com
   http://bit.ly/MagerSixPack
   http://bit.ly/EvidencedBasedTraining
   http://bit.ly/JobAidsPerformanceSupport
   http://amzn.to/BeyondTransfer
   http://amzn.to/TheFourLevels
   http://amzn.to/MeasureTrainingResults
   http://www.ecsellinstitute.com/6-pillars-philosophy




                                                                             70
2011 CLIENT SUMMIT
   Building Organizations with Strategic Sustainability


                Thanks for Reading!
   Let’s get connected and share ideas.
                          Mike Kunkle
http://www.linkedin.com/in/mikekunkle      http://bit.ly/InviteMike-LinkedIn
                       http://about.me/mike_kunkle

mike_kunkle@mindspring.com                                 214.494.9950
mike.kunkle@inspherehq.com                                 817.255.3213

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Aligning Sales Performance Levers - Profiles Intl Version 091611

  • 1. 2011 CLIENT SUMMIT Building Organizations with Strategic Sustainability Aligning Performance Levers For Breakthrough Sales Results Mike Kunkle September 16, 2011
  • 2. Performance Levers The Plan Agenda  Overview: – Background, Definition, Six-Project Approach, Why It’s Worth the Effort  Walk-through of the Six Projects  Case Example  Appendix: Helpful Resources “Everybody's got plans... until they get hit.” Mike Tyson 2
  • 3. Performance Levers Overview | Definition A sad but true tale “Karen, we need sales training!” Karen reviews sales training. 3
  • 4. Performance Levers Overview | Definition A sad but true tale Karen selects sales training. Note: Miller Heiman is a fine company. This is an example. It is not meant as an endorsement nor a condemnation. 4
  • 5. Performance Levers Overview | Definition A sad but true tale Karen delivers sales training. Training Expenses 5
  • 6. Performance Levers Overview | Definition A sad but true tale “Karen, what happened!?” 6
  • 7. Performance Levers Overview | Definition A sad but true tale A Xerox According to a Sales Performance International study, most sales professionals forget at least study “Karen, what happened!?” 50% of what they learned in training programs in less than five weeks. For over 44% of 6,000 showed sales professionals surveyed, they forget in less than one month. Further, salespeople only remember 16% of content from sales training workshops after only 90 days. that 87% of the knowledge According to ES Research Group, 85% of learned in sales training results in no long-term sales training is impact in performance. lost within 12 weeks. A study at Columbia University found that up to 95% of what is taught in training programs is wasted through a failure to Something has to change! transfer learning to the workplace. 7
  • 8. Performance Levers Overview | Definition Performance An alternative Lever Alignment Performer Organization Analysis Function Performance Sales & Sales Lever Manager Alignment Selection Position The Six Performance Lever Projects Task Sales & Sales Performance Manager Lever Training Identification Real Sales Best Practices Performance Capture Improvement 8
  • 9. Performance Levers Overview | Definition Performance Levers  Critical competencies, knowledge, skills, behaviors and conditions which must be present for ethical, sustained high-performance to occur.  Conditions include other organizational elements such as compensation, processes, policies, systems, technology, tools, culture, and more. Examples: Appointment Setting Competencies Knowledge Skill/Behaviors Conditions  Assertiveness  How products work  Tracking lead results  Compensation  Attitude  How to organize leads  Setting appointments  Processes, Policies & Procedures  Energy Level  How to set appointments  Opening a sales call  Systems, Technology & Tools  Verbal Skill  How to use collateral  Probing for needs  Performance Management  Sociability  Sales process stages  Presenting solutions  Reporting  Independence  How to get answers  Negotiating  And more… 9
  • 10. Performance Levers Overview | Definition  Imagine an 8-cylinder engine, firing on all 8 cylinders. 1 8 2 7 3 6 4 5 10
  • 11. Performance Levers Overview | Definition  What happens if it’s only firing on 4 cylinders? 1 8 2 7 3 6 4 5 11
  • 12. Performance Levers Overview | Definition  What if more than one system isn’t working well? System 1 • Engine System 2 • Drive Train 12
  • 13. Performance Levers Overview | Definition  How is this different in organizations? System 1 Hiring System 2 Learning & Development System 3 Compensation System 4 Sales Process System 5 Coaching | Management System #... And more… 13
  • 14. Performance Levers Overview | Definition  How is this different in organizations? It’s Not! 14
  • 15. Performance Levers Overview | Definition Types of Levers It’s “Systems Thinking”  Organization (Company) Organization  Function (Department) Function  Position (Role / Job) • Task (subset) Position Task Competencies Knowledge Skill/Behaviors Conditions  Assertiveness  How products work  Tracking lead results  Compensation  Attitude  How to organize leads  Setting appointments  Processes, Policies & Procedures  Energy Level  How to set appointments  Opening a sales call  Systems, Technology & Tools  Verbal Skill  How to use collateral  Probing for needs  Performance Management  Sociability  Sales process stages  Presenting solutions  Reporting  Independence  How to get answers  Negotiating  And more.. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_Thinking 15
  • 16. Performance Levers O F Overview | Definition P T Sales Training + Levers = Sales Effectiveness Sales Training Sales Effectiveness *  Is an important part of “sales effectiveness”  Includes much more than training  Preceded by a training needs analysis  Preceded by a performance gap analysis  Based on learning objectives  Based on performance objectives  Improves workplace behaviors and  Improves knowledge, skills, or attitudes outcomes  Requires instructional design and/or  Also requires performance consulting skills training delivery skills  Output includes courses, curricula, training  Output includes learning systems, events (e-learning, self-directed, processes, policies, technology, systems, classroom/instructor-led, field training) best practices and more  Tactical: Focused on who, what, why, how,  Strategic: Focused on organizational when & where alignment to support high performance * Also referred to as Sales Force Effectiveness, Sales Enablement or Sales Performance Development 16
  • 17. Performance Levers O F Overview | Definition P T Where to Start? I used to consider…  What can you control (or most strongly influence)?  Within that span: – What is the easiest win? (low-hanging fruit) – Where is the biggest gain? (most mileage) – What is the biggest pain? (biggest problem solved) All logical… but these days, to get started… 17
  • 18. Performance Levers O F Overview | Definition P T …I Suggest This: Get sourcing, selection, and promoting right:  Identify the right competencies by role (sales/mgt) Selection  Upgrade processes for sourcing and hiring employees  Upgrade processes for developing and promoting employees Do a Position-level Performance Lever analysis:  Put strong focus here - on the Position levers Position  Identify Levers, capture Best Practices and upgrade learning systems  Get this right for frontline Sales & Sales Management Roles Levers  Align as many supporting organizational levers as you can  Show results  Then start “tying strings” (aligning) to other levers and functions Pure training task analysis: Identify Levers, capture Best Practices and: Task  Conduct a great task analysis Importance Difficulty Frequency Levers  Write the tasks into training  Gather importance, difficulty and frequency to make good training decisions 18
  • 19. Performance Levers O F Overview | Definition P T Selection + Sales & Management Levers + Supporting Org Levers Train the Sales Select for the Position Levers Competencies Train the Sales Management Levers Territory Consultative What & How to Train Competencies Sales Planning Align Management Selling Compensation How to Diagnose Levers Account Technology & Pipeline Account Selection Tool Use Management Development How to Coach Remove Policy & How to Manage SOP Barriers Performance Improve Internal Track Success Service Metrics Note: These are just examples and may not be right for your organization 19
  • 20. Performance Levers O F Overview | Definition P T What are They in Your World? Start Thinking Now…. Varies by Role But What Should You Add / Subtract For Your Company? Will Include…  Document and discuss ideas with top producers & leaders  Competencies  Agree on a hypothesis  Sourcing| Selection  Perform the analysis | Conduct the research  Compensation  Survey(s)  Reporting  Interviews | Focus Groups And May Include…  Observation  Product Knowledge  Setting Goals & Objectives Your Performance Lever Mix  Lead Management  Technology | Tools  Account Selection  Consultative Selling Skills  Pipeline Management  Account Management  Account Development  Follow-up | Follow-through  Training | Coaching  Action Planning  …and more… 20
  • 21. Performance Levers Overview | Definition High-Level Overview: DIY “How To”  Performer Analysis (Who To Study)  Sales & Sales Manager Selection (How to Select, Promote & Develop) – Assessments, competencies, sourcing, interviewing, selection, tracking, validation  Performance Lever Identification (What Really Drives Performance) – Interviews to create hypotheses for Performance Levers (sales reps & sales managers) – Surveys to confirm / hone Performance Levers  Best Practices Capture (Details of Each Position/Task Lever) – Interviews / focus groups / observation to gather Best Practices  (Re)Design Training for Sales & Sales Managers (Share the Knowledge) – Learning systems: pre-work, training, post-work, reinforcement, measurement, reporting  Align Other Levers (Support the Levers Every Way Possible) – Measure, report, feedback, adjust, repeat Which becomes…. 21
  • 22. Performance Levers . . . Overview | Definition – The Six Projects . . . The Six Performance Lever Projects Performer Analysis  Performer Analysis  Sales & Sales Manager Selection Performance Lever Sales & Sales Manager  Performance Lever Identification Alignment Selection  Best Practices Capture  Sales & Sales Manager Training  Performance Lever Alignment Sales & Sales Performance Manager Lever Training Identification Best Practices Capture 22
  • 23. Performance Levers Overview – Why Go Through All This? Just a few of the many reasons…  Better hiring | shorter-ramp up for new hires and promotions  Geometric growth for incumbents (vs. incremental)  Greater customer satisfaction & loyalty  Break out of “80/20 prison”  Improve “average” performance levels across the organization  Rewards and incentives that drive the right behavior  Systemic alignment fosters clarity and focus – people “feel better” (reduced frustration and cognitive dissonance) But most importantly, we do it for the bottom-line results… 23
  • 24. Performance Levers Overview – Why Go Through All This? The Outcome | Bottom-line Results (Real Examples):  A $398MM sales revenue increase, a $9.96MM net profit increase and a 400% return on investment  Increased sales per rep by 47% through changes in territory management and sales coaching  Increased sales results 600% over previous year while decreasing net operating expenses by 21%  Improved average profitability per rep by 11% in 4 months  Improved processing efficiency (order pull-through) by 16% in 6 months.  Newly-hired and trained 4-month employees outperformed a control group of untrained 5-year employees  Increased loans closed per FTE in the 3-month period after training by 2.3 per month (average revenue increase of $183K per class or $36.6MM in 12 months) 24
  • 25. Thanks for Reading! Next up: “DIY | How To” with The Six Projects Mike Kunkle http://www.linkedin.com/in/mikekunkle http://bit.ly/InviteMike-LinkedIn mike_kunkle@mindspring.com
  • 26. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - The Six Projects . . . The Six Performance Lever Projects Performer Analysis  Performer Analysis  Sales & Sales Manager Selection Performance Lever Sales & Sales Manager  Performance Lever Identification Alignment Selection  Best Practices Capture  Sales & Sales Manager Training  Performance Lever Alignment Sales & Sales Performance Manager Lever Training Identification Best Practices Capture 26
  • 27. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - Performer Analysis . . . The Six Performance Lever Projects Performer Analysis  Performer Analysis  Sales & Sales Manager Selection Performance Lever Sales & Sales Manager  Performance Lever Identification Alignment Selection  Best Practices Capture  Sales & Sales Manager Training  Performance Lever Alignment Sales & Sales Performance Manager Lever Training Identification Best Practices Capture 27
  • 28. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - Performer Analysis . . . Performer Analysis Performer  WHAT: Analysis Identify top, average & low producing sales reps. Performance Sales & Sales Identify top, average & low producing sales Lever Manager Alignment Selection managers.  HOW: Analyze a year of sales data & create a weighted scoring system across multiple metrics/products. Sales & Sales Performance Some discussion & surveys with managers. Manager Lever Training Identification  WHY: Provides a mix of performers to study in various Best Practices ways, to determine true differentiating factors. Capture 28
  • 29. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - Performer Analysis . . . Example of Performer Categories n= New = >30 days, <271 days Top New Reps Often “top” includes tiers: 39 Top = In the Top Quartile of all metrics  4% | 10% | 15% | 25% Seasoned = >365 days (many 5+ years) Top Seasoned Reps 307 Top = In the Top Quartile of all metrics Average Reps Selected randomly, between mean and median production 298 Low Producer Reps Selected randomly from the bottom 20% 348 Top SM Producers Top = In the Top Quartile of all metrics, personal production 15 Top SM Team Top = Top Quartile all metrics, w/o SM results + survey of their Mgr 52 Managers Top = In Top Producer group personally + Top Quartile all metrics w/o SM Top SM Both 5 results + survey of their Mgr Average SM (Team) Selected randomly, between mean and median production 79 Low Performing SM Selected randomly from the bottom 20% 32 (Team) 29
  • 30. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - Performer Analysis . . . Example of Sales Metrics Metrics Quarterly Weighting * Create a weighted scoring system… # of Sales Med-High (2-3) $ Volume Low (1) Pull-Through Rate Med (1-2) Avg # Sales/Day/Rep High (3-4) Avg $ Vol/Day/Rep Med-High (2-3) Cross-Sell Percent Med (1-2) * Review the last 12 months & the last quarter. Weight the quarter more heavily. Blend the scores. 30
  • 31. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - Performer Analysis . . . Example of Analysis – Sales Reps Low High 4th Quartile Mean Avg. Sort Descending Median Highlight 4th Quartile Apply Weighting Repeat & Total 31
  • 32. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - Performer Analysis . . . Example of Analysis – Sales Reps Low High 4th Quartile Mean Avg. Sort Descending Median Highlight 4th Quartile Apply Weighting Repeat & Total 32
  • 33. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - Performer Analysis . . . Example of Analysis – Sales Managers Consider things like:  Avg Productivity – Avg # and $/rep /time  Engagement: % of team producing and/or goal %/rep  Total Team Sales: $ and #  Avg Time to 1st Sale (new reps)  Pipeline Stats & Pull-through %  Cross-sell Ratios or Penetration  Trend Indicators (actual # last month, avg/month over 13 weeks, avg/month past year)  Survey Their Managers – Remove the “luck” factor – Remove “inherited territory” – Remove “one great rep” 33
  • 34. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - Performer Analysis . . . Partner with Smart People with SAS, SPSS, or Minitab * to Crunch Data for Validity, as Needed * Of course, learning research methodology and statistics is a viable option for the brave… 34
  • 35. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - Sales & Manager Selection . . . The Six Performance Lever Projects Performer Analysis  Performer Analysis  Sales & Sales Manager Selection Performance Lever Sales & Sales Manager  Performance Lever Identification Alignment Selection  Best Practices Capture  Sales & Sales Manager Training  Performance Lever Alignment Sales & Sales Performance Manager Lever Training Identification Best Practices Capture 35
  • 36. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - Sales & Manager Selection . . . Sales & Sales Manager Selection Performer  WHAT: Analysis Psychometric assessments that measure thinking styles, behavioral traits and interest. Performance Sales & Sales Lever Manager  HOW: Alignment Selection Online, using the PXT or PSA.  WHY: The assessments will help you identify hiring competencies. You can identify statistically validated Sales & Sales Performance Manager Lever performance models that predict success, Training Identification based on your top performers. You can use the results to further develop & Best coach your current leaders. Practices Capture You can better identify future leaders, who are like your very best today. 36
  • 37. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - Sales & Manager Selection . . . Methods  Competency Identification  Interview Methods  Other Checks  Psychometric Assessments  Job Matching  Blended Models My Favorite? Blended w/ Psychometric + Job Matching Sources:  Professor Mike Smith, University of Manchester, August 1994  John E. Hunter and Ronda F. Hunter, Validity and Utility of Alternative Predictors of Job Performance, Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 96, No.1, 1984, p. 90  Robert P. Tett, Douglas N. Jackson, and Mitchell Rothstein, Personality Measures as Predictors of Job Performance: A Meta-Analytical Review, Personnel Psychology, Winter 1991, p.703. Michigan State University’s School of Business. 37
  • 38. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - Sales & Manager Selection . . . Psychometric Assessments  Thinking | Cognitive Factors One-third of the  Behavioral Traits Hiring Decision  Occupational Interests Get it right:  Normative vs. Ipsative Exactly what PI  Focus on Predictive Validity Recommends  Use the same Performer Categories from your other Analysis – Compare top | middle | bottom - look for differentiating factors  Hire, develop and promote based on those factors, as well as performance data (whenever possible) 38
  • 39. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - Performance Lever Identification . . . The Six Performance Lever Projects Performer Analysis  Performer Analysis  Sales & Sales Manager Selection Performance Lever Sales & Sales Manager  Performance Lever Identification Alignment Selection  Best Practices Capture  Sales & Sales Manager Training  Other Performance Lever Alignment Sales & Sales Performance Manager Lever Training Identification Best Practices Capture 39
  • 40. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - Performance Lever Identification . . . Performance Lever Identification Performer  WHAT: Analysis Identify the knowledge, skills, behaviors or conditions that must exist for ethical, sustained, Performance Sales & Sales high performance to occur. Lever Manager Alignment Selection Formulate hypotheses about what the levers are for frontline sales and sales management roles. Confirm and validate the levers through research. Sales & Sales Performance  HOW: Manager Lever Through discussion, surveys, interviews, focus Training Identification groups, and observation of frontline sales reps and their managers. Best Practices Capture  WHY: This will confirm where to focus your efforts capturing Best Practices, which provides training content. 40
  • 41. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - Performance Lever Identification . . . Formulating the Hypotheses  Start with some known practices  Talk with: – Executives – Other leaders – Frontline sales reps – Frontline sales managers – Sales operations and support staff – And possibly, customers  Label the big buckets and detail the tasks  Don’t get married – you’re just dating  Build the surveys to confirm the hypotheses 41
  • 42. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - Performance Lever Identification . . . Identify the high-level Survey Design Performance Levers (hypotheses) Document the potential tasks for the Performance Lever Ask what you’ve missed 42
  • 43. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - Performance Lever Identification . . . Survey Design Clearly define Performance Lever Define the role Add instructions for completing the survey 43
  • 44. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - Performance Lever Identification . . . Survey Design  Rate the statement provided. Using empathy statements to acknowledge a prospect’s situation/feelings  How much do you agree it’s a Performance Lever?  If rated 1-2, next question.  If rated 3-5:  Importance & Difficulty  And in some cases:  Frequency: Actual & Should  In addition, you should ask what you missed, by Lever, and a handful of other questions – such as normal demographics & Continue | Start | Stop. 44
  • 45. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - Performance Lever Identification . . . Partner with Smart People with SAS, SPSS, or Minitab * to Crunch Data for Validity, as Needed Look Familiar? * Of course, learning research methodology and statistics is STILL a viable option for the brave… 45
  • 46. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - Best Practices Capture . . . The Six Performance Lever Projects Performer Analysis  Performer Analysis  Sales & Sales Manager Selection Performance Lever Sales & Sales Manager  Performance Lever Identification Alignment Selection  Best Practices Capture  Sales & Sales Manager Training  Performance Lever Alignment Sales & Sales Performance Manager Lever Training Identification Best Practices Capture 46
  • 47. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - Best Practices Capture . . . Best Practices Capture Performer  WHAT: Analysis Document the best practices and differentiating behaviors of top performers, which can be Performance Sales & Sales replicated and trained. Lever Manager Alignment Selection  HOW: Through discussion, interviews, focus groups and observation of the frontline sales reps and managers identified during Performer Analysis. Sales & Sales Performance  WHY: Manager Lever To share best practices broadly and (re)design Training Identification training around them. Best Practices Capture 47
  • 48. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - Best Practices Capture . . . Data Collection Methods  Interviews – In-person, phone, webinar  Focus Groups Getting the Straight Scoop – In-person, webinar  What really happens “out there”  Account for the Hawthorne effect  Field Observation  Trust and strict confidentiality – 5-10 top performers  Autonomy, mastery and purpose * – 3 average – 2 in ninth decile – + More: pending time, resources & budget * Thank you, Daniel Pink (author of Drive) 48
  • 49. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - Sales & Sales Manager Training . . . The Six Performance Lever Projects Performer Analysis  Performer Analysis  Sales & Sales Manager Selection Performance Lever Sales & Sales Manager  Performance Lever Identification Alignment Selection  Best Practices Capture  Sales & Sales Manager Training  Performance Lever Alignment Sales & Sales Performance Manager Lever Training Identification Best Practices Capture 49
  • 50. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - Sales & Sales Manager Training . . . Sales & Sales Manager Training Performer  WHAT: Analysis (Re)design sales and sales management training (learning systems) around your best practices. Performance Sales & Sales Ensure that your training includes the right Lever Manager Alignment Selection content and produces ethical, sustainable, high performance in the real world.  HOW: Develop courses and implement learning and transfer systems, incorporating what you’ve Sales & Sales Performance learned in this research. Manager Lever Training Identification  WHY: To improve training, further share best Best Practices practices, and improve work performance of Capture frontline sales reps and sales managers. 50
  • 51. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - Sales & Sales Manager Training . . . Sales Training is the Easy Part Teach Position Performance Levers and Tasks! Teach sales reps:  If new, yes, do onboarding and orientations, but then…  Focus on the major Performance Levers  Teach the Performance Lever Tasks  Create and share Performance Support  Share Knowledge but Focus on Behaviors & Skills  Build-in extensive Transfer Plans Teach the Replicable Best Practices of Top Performers 51
  • 52. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - Sales & Sales Manager Training . . . As You Develop Sales Manager Training, Remember… Frontline Sales Management is the Pivotal Role! Teach managers:  What you teach reps (in advance) and how to train them  How to diagnose and identify issues with Performance Levers  How to coach to improve levers (behavioral coaching)  How to develop motivational action plans (management science)  How to reinforce, reward, and manage performance  NOTE: It’s another lever, but reward managers for the above Teach Them To Get Results Through Others 52
  • 53. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - Performance Lever Alignment . . . The Six Performance Lever Projects Performer Analysis  Performer Analysis  Sales & Sales Manager Selection Performance Lever Sales & Sales Manager  Performance Lever Identification Alignment Selection  Best Practices Capture  Sales & Sales Manager Training  Performance Lever Alignment Sales & Sales Performance Manager Lever Training Identification Best Practices Capture 53
  • 54. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - Performance Lever Alignment . . . Performance Lever Alignment Performer  WHAT: Analysis Review policies, practices, processes, procedures, systems, compensations, and other Performance Sales & Sales organization factors. Lever Manager Alignment Selection  HOW: By sharing study results with other organizational leaders and discussing how you can best support the Performance Levers and Best Practices. Sales & Sales Performance If you have an OD team, get them involved. Manager Lever Training Identification  WHY: To align as many other organizational elements Best Practices as possible to support the performance levers Capture and best practices – to create an environment which supports sales success as much as possible. 54
  • 55. Performance Levers . . . DIY | How To - Performance Lever Alignment . . . Recommended Initial Focus for Lever Alignment  Get sales compensation right – rely on experts, if needed  Get out of the “Sales Prevention Business” – Ask frontline reps and managers, you’ll hear plenty to fix  Eliminate restrictive policies designed for situations that occur once a quarter  Conduct a Force Field Analysis* with top sales performers and sales managers – remove restraining forces first * Thank you, Kurt Lewin, for Force Field Analysis 55
  • 56. Thanks for Reading! Next up: Case Example & Suggestions Mike Kunkle http://www.linkedin.com/in/mikekunkle http://bit.ly/InviteMike-LinkedIn mike_kunkle@mindspring.com
  • 57. Case Example B2B Financial Services Company Sales Performance Levers Applied to:  B2B Financial Services  Wholesale Mortgage Origination Channel  Low Base | High Commission
  • 58. Case Example B2B Financial Services Company The Business Situation and Problems  Good growth rate – Wall Street darling  Original team was doing very well (top 20% delivering 80% of production)  New Hires struggling – annualized NH turnover was growing fast  Sales training was one week in a classroom, all lecture  There was no reinforcement, planned transfer or evaluation  Reporting was fragmented, hard to interpret, not actionable  The best of the new sales people were promoted into management, but…  No management training and managers each managed their own way  Coaching was rare  Performance management was, “You did X last month. You need to do Y next month or you’ll be fired”  If you had industry sales experience, wanted the job, and could fog a mirror, the job was yours  Few understood the complex compensation system. 58
  • 59. Case Example B2B Financial Services Company Challenge from the President  The President told our Performance Development team: “I believe in this group and what you were hired to do. But I want to be clear. If you can’t deliver on your promises about improving performance, you won’t be sitting at this table this time next year.” 59
  • 60. Case Example B2B Financial Services Company Performance Projects  Analysis of past and past results | current state | current results. (Point A)  Discussion with senior management on strategic direction, goals and performance objectives. (Point B)  Analysis of traits, habits, skills and practices of carefully selected Top, Middle and Low Performers…  Individual Interviews | Multiple Surveys | Focus Groups | Observations  “Hiring Right” project – what’s the “right stuff” for our roles? How do we hire, develop and promote people effectively?  Process analysis and documentation review for possible Lean projects  Review of compensation and incentive programs and practices for sales  Review of sales management practices  Customer Interviews, Surveys, and Focus Groups  So, basically, we ran The Six Projects (and included customer feedback). 60
  • 61. Case Example B2B Financial Services Company We Created a Performance-Enhancing System  Vetted the analysis, identified the levers and communicated everywhere  Created 3-week sales training curriculum for new hires (2 weeks remote + 1 week in class) – taught all levers, changed behaviors in class & certified  All new managers went through the program and were certified  Taught incumbent managers separately and certified  Developed a coaching program for managers (and yes, certified)  Aligned comp, performance management and reporting/metrics  Started work on the supporting levers  Constant communication | monitoring with dashboard reports  Quick feedback loops, performance hotline, adjusted course as needed  Transitioned leaders to take ownership and accountability  Top-down, C-level support was critical. 61
  • 62. Case Example B2B Financial Services Company Some Results  Reduced average ramp-up time to minimum acceptable performance for newly- hired/trained reps from 6 months to 3  Increased average purchase from $156K to $167K  Reduced turnover from 44% to 28% (new hire one-year from 78% to 24%)  Increased size of “top producer” performers from 9% to 14%  Increased New Customer “Stick Rate” (stat not available)  Decreased “order” processing time by 16%  Improved order pull-through from 47% to 54% But most importantly… $398MM Increase in Revenue  $9.9MM Increase in Net Profit  400% Training ROI 62
  • 63. Case Example B2B Financial Services Company Real-World Tips & “Gotchas” From This Case  Analysis of traits, habits, skills and practices of carefully selected Top, Middle and Low Performers – Validate performer status closely: Especially rule out “inherited a great territory” and other factors that mask “earned” top-producer status  Methods: Individual Interviews | Multiple Surveys | Focus Groups | Observations – You must see what they’re doing!  Insert the Voice of the Customer – whenever possible: talk to them and listen!  Be ruthless on process reviews. Streamline!  Forget “sales experience.” Assess & Hire | Train & Develop  Listen most closely to the real top producers, those moving up steadily, and superstar new hires who leap out of the gate  Agree on what success looks like, with executives, upfront, and how it will be measured. 63
  • 64. Thanks for Reading! Next up: Helpful Resources Mike Kunkle http://www.linkedin.com/in/mikekunkle http://bit.ly/InviteMike-LinkedIn mike_kunkle@mindspring.com
  • 65. Appendix  Helpful Resources  . . . Aligning Performance Levers For Breakthrough Sales Results . . .
  • 66. Performance Levers . . . Helpful Resources . . . Analysis  http://amzn.to/AnalyzingPerformanceProblems  http://amzn.to/AnalysisImprovingPerformance  http://bit.ly/FirstThingsFast  http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/analysis/analysis.html  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_performance_technology  http://www.pignc-ispi.com/articles/Vol42_05_08.pdf  http://www.ue295.com/xtranet/html/timeline/harless.html 66
  • 67. Performance Levers . . . Helpful Resources . . . Selection | Psychometric Assessments For those interested in further exploring assessments, you’re at the right place. Here are some non-partisan, educational resources:  http://www.uniformguidelines.com/index.html  http://wdr.doleta.gov/opr/FULLTEXT/99-testassess.pdf  http://www.shrm.org/about/foundation/research/Documents/assessmen t_methods.pdf  http://rocket-hire.com And the assessment company I obviously recommend:  http://www.profilesinternational.com A Fun, True Story: I started in Feb 2011 at my current company. They didn’t just want me to just “pick” Profiles, based on my past experience, without additional due diligence. So we reviewed 8 vendors, ruled 5 out after an interview and review of methodology. We did 3 RFPs, 3 presentations, and a second presentation with the final 2 vendors. Our 5-person committee unanimously selected Profiles International. 67
  • 68. Performance Levers . . . Helpful Resources . . . Performance Improvement  http://bit.ly/Wallace6Pack  http://bit.ly/BusinessProcessChange  http://bit.ly/PerformanceConsultantsFieldbook  http://amzn.to/HandbookImprovingPerformance  http://amzn.to/HumanCompetence  http://amzn.to/WhiteSpaceRevisited  http://amzn.to/CompensatingTheSalesForce  http://amzn.to/MgtPerformanceImprovementPlans  http://amzn.to/TrainingAintPerformance  http://amzn.to/FundamentalsPerformanceTechnology  http://amzn.to/HandbookHPT  http://amzn.to/HandbookHPT2  http://amzn.to/SeriousPerformanceConsulting  http://amzn.to/PerformanceArchitecture 68
  • 69. Performance Levers . . . Helpful Resources . . . Best Practices  http://amzn.to/MakingTheNumber ~ http://www.makingthenumber.com  http://bit.ly/BestPracticeKnowledgeManagement  http://bit.ly/IdentifyingOrgBestPractices  http://www.csoinsights.com/sales-research-data  http://www.csoinsights.com/Topics/Sales-Process-Best-Practices  http://slidesha.re/BestPracticesWorldClassSales Sales Best Practices Research  http://www.achieveglobal.com/resources/?cat=1  http://www.millerheiman.com/research_center/sales_best_practices_study/i ndex.html  http://www.huthwaite.com/en/Resource%20Center/Whitepapers.aspx  https://sec.executiveboard.com/Public/Default.aspx  http://www.salesbenchmarkindex.com  http://salesmanagement.org 69
  • 70. Performance Levers . . . Helpful Resources . . . Sales & Sales Management Training  http://www.scribd.com/doc/46526471/Basic-Instructional-Design-Principles  http://www.esresearch.com  http://bit.ly/MagerSixPack  http://bit.ly/EvidencedBasedTraining  http://bit.ly/JobAidsPerformanceSupport  http://amzn.to/BeyondTransfer  http://amzn.to/TheFourLevels  http://amzn.to/MeasureTrainingResults  http://www.ecsellinstitute.com/6-pillars-philosophy 70
  • 71. 2011 CLIENT SUMMIT Building Organizations with Strategic Sustainability Thanks for Reading! Let’s get connected and share ideas. Mike Kunkle http://www.linkedin.com/in/mikekunkle http://bit.ly/InviteMike-LinkedIn http://about.me/mike_kunkle mike_kunkle@mindspring.com 214.494.9950 mike.kunkle@inspherehq.com 817.255.3213