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HISTORY OF DRAMA:

   ANCIENT DRAMA
   MEDIEVAL DRAMA
   RESTORATION
   18TH-CENTURY DRAMA
ANCIENT DRAMA

        Origin of western drama in the Greek Athens
        Acc. Of this period is inadequate / insufficient
         (Lack of information)
        THEPSIS- developed a “new musical form”
      1. Impersonate a single character (impersonator in
          w/c they pretend)
      2. Engage in dialogue w/ the chorus of
          singer/dancer(e.g. Moulin Rouge)
 First composer (person who write music)
 Soloist (who perform a solo)
 First dramatist (playwright/writer of plays)
 Actor (who act on stage play)
  Play (dramatic composition/peace)
 Known as “Tragedy”(tradition of drama who
  play a unique/important role to invoke
  audience)
   He became a “Father of drama”
• On the “hundred” playwrights of Greek tragic,
  only “32” plays are survive by the 3 MAJOR
  INNOVATORS:
  ▫ Sophocles
  ▫ Aeschylus
  ▫ Euripides
 AESCHYLUS- created the possibility of
  developing the “conflicts” between the
  character and 2nd actor
 “7 surviving play”, 3 of w/c
  constitute(create/compose) the only
  extant(exist) trilogy (e.g. Persian & Oresteia)
 Are richly ambiguous(several meaning) into
  the paradoxical(contradiction)
 Relationship between human and cosmos
  (people made an answerable fort their acts)

   Trilogy- A group of 3 related things
   Described as the Father of Tragedy
MEDIEVAL DRAMA
  A new creation rather than a rebirth
  Any form of theater: The Christian theater
  LITURGY: Interpolated(introduced) by the bits of chanted(short)
   dialogue in the Easter and Christmas service
    Called TROPES(word/music into the plainsong settings of the roman
     catholic liturgy)
  PRIESTS(impersonating biblical figures)
    Acted out of minuscule(short) scene from the holiday stories
 Quem Quaeritis
   refers to four lines of the
    medieval Easter liturgy that
    later formed the kernel of the
    large body of
    medieval liturgical drama.
RESTORATION
               Theaters- established in the wake of
                Charles II.
               Restoration monarchy – England in
                1660
                 English monarchy was restored
                   when Charles II of england became
                   king in 1660.
                 Intended to serve the needs of
                   socially, politically, aesthetically
                   homogenous class,
               “refined”- French influence sensibility
 The themes , language, dramaturgy of
  Shakespeare play were now consider
  out of date.
 During next 2 centuries, the work of
  england’s greatest dramatist- never
  produced intact
  William Shakespeare is the greatest
    English poet and dramatist and an
    undisputed world figure in
    literature. Although his works (37
    plays, 154 sonnets and two long
    poems) are well-known all over the
    world, we know little about his life.
 Moliere- the English comedy of
  manners
  Was typically a witty(humorous),
    brittle satire of current mores,
    especially of relation between the
    sexes.
 Jean-Baptiste Poquelin-
  known by his stage name Molière
   was a French playwright and actor
   who is considered to be one of the
   greatest masters of comedy in
   Western literature.
  Best - known comedies of manner
  A French playwright
 Leading Example:
    She would if she could(1668)-
    The man of code(1676)- by George Etherege
    The country wife(1675)- by William Wycherley
    The way of the world(1700)- by William Congreve
    The recruiting officer(1706)-
    The Beaux Stratagem(1706)-by George Farquhar
 One of the best comedy is The way of the world(1700)- by William
  Congreve.
   Like most restoration comedies it’s centered on the relationship
    between the 2 sexes
   It reflect the court vision of life, lack of ideas, and dissoluteness of the
    upper class.
 Had an immediate success as “the most promising young writer” of the
  day.
18th CENTURY DRAMA
 A farcical comedy in england
 The comedy of manners and the domestic drama
 SATIRE-Henry Fielding and John Gay enjoyed the Brief revival of
  satire
   “satire can be funny, its aim is not to amuse, but to arouse contempt”
 Henry Fielding and John Gay- the Beggar’s opera in 1728 met w/ a
  phenomenal success.
 Their wit (the talent of using unexpected words or ideas to make a clever
  humorous effect) was too sharp for the government w/c retaliated by
  imposing strict censorship laws in 1737.
 Censorship- an official who examines books, plays, news reports,
  pictures, radio and television programs, letters,etc.,
 Purpose- to suppressing parts deemed
  objectionable on moral, political, military, or other grounds.
 Henry Fielding
   was an English novelist and dramatist
    known for his rich earthy humors
    and satirical prowess.(e.g. Tom Jones)
 John Gay
   was an English poet and dramatist.
    He is best remembered for The
    Beggar's Opera (1728), a ballad
    opera. The characters, including
    Captain Macheath and Polly
    Peachum, became household
    names.

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History of drama

  • 1. HISTORY OF DRAMA: ANCIENT DRAMA MEDIEVAL DRAMA RESTORATION 18TH-CENTURY DRAMA
  • 2. ANCIENT DRAMA  Origin of western drama in the Greek Athens  Acc. Of this period is inadequate / insufficient (Lack of information)  THEPSIS- developed a “new musical form” 1. Impersonate a single character (impersonator in w/c they pretend) 2. Engage in dialogue w/ the chorus of singer/dancer(e.g. Moulin Rouge)
  • 3.  First composer (person who write music)  Soloist (who perform a solo)  First dramatist (playwright/writer of plays)  Actor (who act on stage play) Play (dramatic composition/peace)  Known as “Tragedy”(tradition of drama who play a unique/important role to invoke audience)  He became a “Father of drama” • On the “hundred” playwrights of Greek tragic, only “32” plays are survive by the 3 MAJOR INNOVATORS: ▫ Sophocles ▫ Aeschylus ▫ Euripides
  • 4.  AESCHYLUS- created the possibility of developing the “conflicts” between the character and 2nd actor  “7 surviving play”, 3 of w/c constitute(create/compose) the only extant(exist) trilogy (e.g. Persian & Oresteia)  Are richly ambiguous(several meaning) into the paradoxical(contradiction)  Relationship between human and cosmos (people made an answerable fort their acts)  Trilogy- A group of 3 related things  Described as the Father of Tragedy
  • 5. MEDIEVAL DRAMA  A new creation rather than a rebirth  Any form of theater: The Christian theater  LITURGY: Interpolated(introduced) by the bits of chanted(short) dialogue in the Easter and Christmas service  Called TROPES(word/music into the plainsong settings of the roman catholic liturgy)  PRIESTS(impersonating biblical figures)  Acted out of minuscule(short) scene from the holiday stories
  • 6.  Quem Quaeritis  refers to four lines of the medieval Easter liturgy that later formed the kernel of the large body of medieval liturgical drama.
  • 7. RESTORATION  Theaters- established in the wake of Charles II.  Restoration monarchy – England in 1660  English monarchy was restored when Charles II of england became king in 1660.  Intended to serve the needs of socially, politically, aesthetically homogenous class,  “refined”- French influence sensibility
  • 8.  The themes , language, dramaturgy of Shakespeare play were now consider out of date.  During next 2 centuries, the work of england’s greatest dramatist- never produced intact William Shakespeare is the greatest English poet and dramatist and an undisputed world figure in literature. Although his works (37 plays, 154 sonnets and two long poems) are well-known all over the world, we know little about his life.
  • 9.  Moliere- the English comedy of manners Was typically a witty(humorous), brittle satire of current mores, especially of relation between the sexes.  Jean-Baptiste Poquelin- known by his stage name Molière was a French playwright and actor who is considered to be one of the greatest masters of comedy in Western literature. Best - known comedies of manner A French playwright
  • 10.  Leading Example:  She would if she could(1668)-  The man of code(1676)- by George Etherege  The country wife(1675)- by William Wycherley  The way of the world(1700)- by William Congreve  The recruiting officer(1706)-  The Beaux Stratagem(1706)-by George Farquhar  One of the best comedy is The way of the world(1700)- by William Congreve.  Like most restoration comedies it’s centered on the relationship between the 2 sexes  It reflect the court vision of life, lack of ideas, and dissoluteness of the upper class.  Had an immediate success as “the most promising young writer” of the day.
  • 11. 18th CENTURY DRAMA  A farcical comedy in england  The comedy of manners and the domestic drama  SATIRE-Henry Fielding and John Gay enjoyed the Brief revival of satire  “satire can be funny, its aim is not to amuse, but to arouse contempt”  Henry Fielding and John Gay- the Beggar’s opera in 1728 met w/ a phenomenal success.  Their wit (the talent of using unexpected words or ideas to make a clever humorous effect) was too sharp for the government w/c retaliated by imposing strict censorship laws in 1737.  Censorship- an official who examines books, plays, news reports, pictures, radio and television programs, letters,etc.,  Purpose- to suppressing parts deemed objectionable on moral, political, military, or other grounds.
  • 12.  Henry Fielding  was an English novelist and dramatist known for his rich earthy humors and satirical prowess.(e.g. Tom Jones)
  • 13.  John Gay  was an English poet and dramatist. He is best remembered for The Beggar's Opera (1728), a ballad opera. The characters, including Captain Macheath and Polly Peachum, became household names.

Hinweis der Redaktion

  1.  is a comic novel by the English playwright and novelist Henry Fielding.