CDEMA presentation at Peer to Peer exchange activity at OAS

THE CARIBBEAN DSASTERTHE CARIBBEAN DSASTER
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENTEMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
AGENCY (CDEMA) SYSTEMAGENCY (CDEMA) SYSTEM

PRESENTATION OUTLINE
 Background on CDEMA
 Comprehensive Disaster Management (CDM)
 CDEMA Governance Structure
 The CDEMA Sub-Regions
 The Regional Response Mechanism (RRM)

CDEMA BACKGROUNDCDEMA BACKGROUND

 CDEMA is an intergovernmental organ of the
Caribbean Community (CARICOM) with
responsibility for overseeing disaster
management among the member states.
 The organization was originally established as
the Caribbean Disaster Emergency Response
Agency (CDERA) by an Inter-governmental
Agreement signed in Grenada in Sept 1991 at the
Conference of Heads of Government of the
Caribbean Community (CARICOM).
CDEMA Background

After the adoption of the Comprehensive Disaster Management
(CDM) Strategy the organization transitioned from Caribbean
Disaster Emergency Response Agency (CDERA) to Caribbean
Disaster Emergency Management Agency (CDEMA) on Sept 1,
2009.
CDEMA Background
Response Management

COMPREHENSIVE DISASTERCOMPREHENSIVE DISASTER
MANAGEMENT (CDM)MANAGEMENT (CDM)

 CDM is the management of all
hazards
 through all phases of the
disaster management cycle
 by all peoples public and
private sectors, all segments of
civil society and the general
population
 CDM involves risk reduction &
management and
 integration of vulnerability
assessment into the
development planning process

CDM – A PARADIGM SHIFTCDM – A PARADIGM SHIFT

 Emphasizes hazard risk reduction
 Promotes a “culture of safety”
 Recognizes that strengthening disaster preparedness for better
response is critical
 Encourages strategic partner alliances
 Promotes transparency and accountability
 Advocates for empowering of sector partners to (take
responsibility) and lead dissemination and advocacy with their
constituency
Benefits of the CDM Approach

Participating States1. Anguilla
2. Antigua
3. Bahamas
4. Barbados
5. Belize
6. British Virgin Islands
7. Dominica
8. Grenada
9. Guyana
10. Jamaica
11. Montserrat
12. St Kitts and Nevis
13. Saint Lucia
14. St Vincent and the Grenadines
15. Trinidad & Tobago
16. Turks & Caicos Islands
17. Haiti
18. Suriname
CDEMA Member States

CDEMA GOVERNANCECDEMA GOVERNANCE
STRUCTURESTRUCTURE

CDEMA Organizational Structure
The CDEMA Council
Management
Committee of
Council
Technical Advisory Committee
Coordinating Unit
Executive Director
Deputy Executive Director
CDEMA/ CU staff
National
Disaster
Offices
Regional/
Internation
al Agencies
National
Governments

HOW IS CDEMA GOVERNED?HOW IS CDEMA GOVERNED?
 CDEMA governance mechanism supports the
principles of Comprehensive Disaster Management
within the context of broad stakeholder participation,
whilst ensuring that the roles and responsibilities of the
various organs are clearly defined for enhanced
accountability and transparency in the areas of
decision making.
 CDEMA is governed through:
1) The CDEMA Council,
2) A Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) and,
3) The Coordinating Unit.

THE CDEMA GOVERNANCETHE CDEMA GOVERNANCE
 The Council comprises the Heads of Government of the
Participating States or their nominees (normally the
ministers) and determine the policies of CDEMA.
 The Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) is the technical
and programmatic advisory arm of CDEMA comprised of the
National Disaster Coordinators and representatives of
specialized regional organizations whose programmes are
directly related to the regional disaster management agenda.
They recognizes the integrated approach to disaster
management and the pivotal role of stakeholder contribution
to the programming process of the CDM Agenda.

THE CDEMA GOVERNANCETHE CDEMA GOVERNANCE
 The Coordinating Unit is managed by an Executive Director
who is appointed by the Council.
The Coordinating Unit functions within a framework that fully
embraces CDM and deals with longer-term management
issues. As such, the responsibilities and operating functions
of the CDEMA Coordinating Unit is centered primarily around
four (4) programming areas, namely:
1. education, research and information;
2. finance and administration;
3. preparedness and response; and
4. mitigation and research

CDEMA SUB-REGIONSCDEMA SUB-REGIONS

CDEMA’s SUB-REGIONAL
ORGANISATION
The CDEMA Sub-Regions

REGIONAL RESPONSE MECHANISM
(RRM)

CDEMA’s Response Philosophy:
 CDEMA's response to natural and technological disasters
will be dictated by the TYPE and MAGNITUDE of the
emergency and by the Participating State(s) CAPACITY
TO RESPOND
 CDEMA CU solicits assistance on behalf of and for its 18
Participating States
 RRM system is based on a three-tiered response
mechanism

 The RRM is an arrangement for the coordination of
disaster response among CDEMA Participating States,
Regional and International Agencies
 Seeks to deliver speedy response and effective,
efficient use and management of resources
 Tried and tested mechanism for emergency coordination
– familiarity of actors and processes.
What is the RRM?

 The RRM is comprised of:
 A number of Plans, Procedures & Guidelines
 A group of Response Units, agencies and organizations
 A collection of Agreements, Memoranda of Understanding
and Protocols
 Executed by the CDEMA Coordinating Unit (CU) on
behalf of the CDEMA Participating States (PSs)
What is the RRM?

 The Regional Coordination Centre (RCC)
 The Regional Coordination Plan (RCP)
 The Regional Telecommunications Plan
 Response Teams:
 The CARICOM Disaster Relief Unit (CDRU)
 The Rapid Needs Assessment Team (RNAT) (subject to revision in light of the CDAC)
 The Regional Urban Search & Rescue Light Level Team (USAR LL)
 Caribbean Electricity Company (CARILEC)
 Caribbean Water and Waste-Water Association (CWWA)
 Technical Support Teams [CIMH]
Organs of the RRM:

 The Eastern Caribbean Partner Donor Group-Disaster
Management (ECPDG-DM)
 The North Western Caribbean Donor Group (NWCDG)
 National Disaster Plans, Specialized Plans, etc.
 Regional Warehouses
 MOU, Acts, SOPs
Organs of the RRM:

Triggering the RRM:
 The Regional Coordination Plan defines the framework for
effecting the multi-lateral agreements of CDEMA PS to assist
each other in times of disasters
 Organized in 2 Parts:
 Basic Plan: triggering mechanism for activating the plan (3 levels) and
concept of operations
 Functional Annexes: SOPs for specific response functions (SAR) or
specialized groups (ECPDG-DM, CDRU); References (CDEMA
Agreement, MOU)

 The RCP is in support of National Plans and as such the
National Plans must make provisions for triggering the RRM
 System based on a three tiered response mechanism
Level 3
Level 2
Level 1
Event overwhelms the capacity of the affected state to respond
- external assistance required
Some external assistance required
No external assistance required
Triggering the RRM:

RRM LEVELS OF RESPONSE –
Local Incident - no external assistance required
An incident at the local level in any of CDEMA
Participating States for which resources are adequate and
available
CDEMA CU – monitoring and information sharing
Level 1

RRM LEVELS OF RESPONSE –
 Event does not overwhelm national capacity to respond but
some external assistance required
(e.g. Andrew - Bahamas, 1992; Debby - St Lucia, 1994, Keith - Belize, 2000, Dean
– Jamaica, 2007; Ike - Turks & Caicos Islands, 2008 ; Tomas - Saint Lucia, 2010)
 State of emergency may or may not be declared
 CDEMA CU provides technical assistance, specialized
equipment, support personnel, information sharing
Level 2

RRM LEVELS OF RESPONSE – Level 3
 Event overwhelms the capacity of affected State to
respond.
 Major external operation mounted. Possible request for
additional support from other regions and international
agencies anticipated (Hurricanes Gilbert – Jamaica, 1988; Hugo –
Montserrat, 1989; Lenny – 7 Eastern Caribbean Countries, 1999; Ivan – Grenada,
2004; Haiti Earthquake – 2010)

 Security Mechanism within the OECS
 Provides staffing for the CDRU
 RSS HQ mobilizes CDRU on behalf of CDEMA
 Collaborates with CDEMA to conduct training of CDRU
REGIONAL SECURITY SYSTEM (RSS)

 Mechanism which provides for the dispatching of
“Disciplined Forces” (Military/Police/Fire) resources in an
affected State
 Consists of Command Element and Troops as necessary
 Forward Command Post
 Communication resources
 Selected annually from PSs
CARICOM DISASTER RELIEF UNIT (CDRU)

“CDRU is to provide, on behalf of CDEMA,
management and logistical support to disaster
response operations in CARICOM Member States.”
CDRU’S
MISSION

 Mission is to provide relief to any Caribbean country
affected by a disaster
 Guided by Operational Plan and SOPs
 Mobilized and Deployed on request of impacted PS
 Provides Logistics Management support to NEOC as
necessary
CDRU RULES

 Provides controlling HQ for all incoming Forces
 Charged with the responsibility of coordinating disaster
relief efforts
 Provides Communications support to NEOC as necessary
 Supports initial Damage Assessment
 Provides link between NEOC, CDEMA, ECPDG/DM
CDRU RULES

RRM RESPONSE
EXPERIENCES
Grenada – Lenny, 1999 Montserrat – Volcanic Eruption ,1995 Dominica – Earthquake, 2004
Grenada – Ivan, 2004 Haiti – Earthquake, 2010 Saint Lucia – Tomas, 2010

Enhanced RRM 2014- 2015
 Enhanced Coordination – Incident Command System
 CDAC – CARICOM Disaster Assessment and
Coordination
 COST – CARICOM Operational Support Team
 Search and Rescue – Horizontal and vertical
expansion of the programme
 Regional Integrated Emergency Telecommunication
Systems
 HazMat Programme
 Others

Rationale
 Lessons: Need to sustain EOC activation for required (sometimes
prolonged) periods
 Lessons: Need to generate timely DANA reports to inform response
efforts
 Desire to build upon and refine existing arrangements such as
CDEMA ‘standby teams” and the “RNAT”
 Desire to deepen functional cooperation arrangements

CARICOM OPERATIONAL
SUPPORT TEAM (COST)
 What is COST? COST is pre-identified surge capacity to directly support the
NEOC of an affected state in the maintenance of national coordination
 Up to 5 member team comprising of persons from around the region
specializing in Emergency Operations Centre skills
 Role - facilitating, organizing and processing information in the EOC under the
direction of the National EOC Director (assumes NEOC is operational)
 COST will be deployed upon request from the impacted state – arrival within
24-48 hours of request
 Intent is to sustain national capacity for 24 hr coordination for up to one week in
the first instance

CARICOM DISASTER
ASSESSMENT
AND COORDINATION (CDAC)
TEAM
 CDAC is a team specializing in supporting an impacted state in
Damage Assessment and Needs Analysis
 CDAC will be deployed upon request from the impacted state
 CDAC will operate on agreed methods for damage assessment
 Deployed to augment the national capacity for DANA
 Works directly in support of local teams which have been trained in
the DANA approach.
 Flexibility will be key since the situation on the ground will dictate the
specific role to be played in the DANA process.

CONCLUSION
“No State, no matter how powerful, can by its own efforts alone make
itself invulnerable to today’s threats.
Every State requires the cooperation of other States to make itself
secure.
It is in every State’s interest, accordingly, to cooperate with other
States to address their most pressing threats, because doing so will
maximize the chances of reciprocal cooperation to address its own
threat priorities.”
(Report of United Nations High-level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change
December 2004 – A More Secure World: Our Shared Responsibility.)

SUMMARY
 Background on CDEMA
 Comprehensive Disaster Management (CDM)
 CDEMA Governance Structure
 The CDEMA Sub-Regions
 The Regional Response Mechanism (RRM)

Should you have any queries, please contact:
CDEMA CU
Bldg #1, Manor Lodge, Green Hill, St. Michael
BARBADOS
(246) 434-4880, (246) 271-3660
Email: cdema@cdema.org

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