1. Increase in
Fresh Water
Supply

2. 3 ways to increase fresh water
supply
1. Increase the number of water
catchment area
2. International Agreement
3. Using Technology

3. Increase the number of water
catchment areas
• Water catchment areas are places
where water are collected when it rains.
• Natural water catchment areas are the
drainage basins. Man-made drainage
basins
• This methods works when it rains.
More water would be collected and this
increases the supply of fresh water.

4. • The reservoirs must be built in the
forest because if it was built in the
urban city, it could get polluted
• The trees in the forest retain water by
slowing down rainwater runoff. This
gives some time for the water to seep
into the ground then to the reservoirs

5. International Agreements
• An international agreement works by
signing a treaty between some
countries to trade fresh water.
• This method is not a good solution
because the treaty will expire one day.
If that country also face water
constraint, they wouldn’t be able to
trade fresh water anymore.

6. Using Technology
• Using technology, we can clean up
water easily.
• The 2 methods of cleaning up water is
to recycle water and to desalinate water

7. Recycle Water
• Recycling water is also known as water
reclamation.

8. Used water would be
collected from the
household, industry,
business and commercial
building
The used water will go to
the water reclamation
plants by pipes and would
be treated
The water would be treated
and will improve it’s
quality and can be used
for other purposes. IT was
also known as reclaimed
water
The water would be further
treated biologically and
chemically to reuse it. This
water is known as non-
potable water.

9. Desalination
• Desalination is the process of obtaining
fresh water from salt water. It can also
produce fresh water from groundwater
which is not clean.
• The largest desalination plant in the
world is El Paso-Fort Bliss desalination
plant in the Texas of USA which
desalinate 27.5 million gallon of water
daily

10. 2 ways to desalinate
• The 2 ways to desalinate water is by
distillation and reverse osmosis

11. Sea water would
be heated up until
it becomes water
vapor
The water vapor
would rise up and
will condense to
water.
The water is then
collected as
potable water
Distillation

12. • Distillation is an expensive method
because there must be high technology
which can boil the water and then
condense it back to water. New
technology can help reduce the cost of
distillation

13. A partially permeable
membrane would be
placed
Pressure is used to
force the water through
the partially permeable
membrane
The fresh water would
be produced and the
residue will leave
behind the partially
permeable membrane
Reverse Osmosis

14. • There is lesser energy consumption
using reverse osmosis. This make it
more popular. This also make it
cheaper to produce fresh water