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Information & Knowledge
      Management
        Marielba Zacarias
       Prof. Auxiliar DEEI
    FCT I, Gab 2.69, Ext. 7749

          mzacaria@ualg.pt
    http://w3.ualg.pt/~mzacaria
Summary
Introduction
Basic Knowledge
  Information vs data & knowledge
  Information vs IS e IT
  Information vs Knowledge Management
Conceptual Maps
Who am I?
Marielba Zacarias
Computer Engineering (USB, 1982)
  Information Systems
  Programmer/Analyst (10 years)
  IT Consultant (3 anos)

Ms Sc Systems Engineering (USB,1996)
  Teaching Assistant (1 ano)
  Project Manager (3 anos)

PhD Informatics Engineering (IST, 2008)
  Organizational Engineering
The course

Mission:
 Teach information and knowledge
 management concepts, processes and
 technologies
Course Challenges
                   concepts
human sciences      theories
  perspective        models
                   processes

  computer
                 IT applications
   sciences
                     & tools
 perspective
Course goals
At the end of this course you should be
able of:
 Distinguish between computer and human
 sciences perspectives
 Select, use and/or implement applications with
 a clear understanding on their implications for
 people and organizations
Course Program I
Week 1

  Introduction, Concepts, Conceptual Maps

  Information vs Knowledge Management, Blogs

Week 2
  Knowledge Management Evolution, Wikis

  Knowledge Engineering Process, Groups

Week 3
  Knowledge Management Process, Social Networks

Week 4
  Information architecture and management, data warehouses
Course Program II
Week 5
 Real-time Information and knowledge Management

 Data Mining

Week 6
 Knowledge e-dimension

Week 7
 Case Studies, semantic technologies

Week 8
 Collective knowledge systems, semantic web
Bibliography
Basic
 Harvard Business Review on Knowledge Management

 Knowledge Management, Carl Frappaolo

 Knowledge Engineering and Management: The
 CommonKADS Methodology, Guus Shreiber et al

Also
 Selected papers

 Web Resources
Teaching Method

Professor Presentations (once a week)
Student Presentations (once a week)
Group Discussions (after student presentations)
Resource sharing (papers, links, etc.)
Online Discussions
Evaluation
Final Exam (50% - min 10)
Group Project (15% - min 9)
Labs (10 % - min 9)
Student Presentations (15% - min 9)
Discussion Participation (10% - min 9)
Topics
Presentations:
  theoretical topic
Projects:
  focused on a particular technology
  must show an on-hands experience of
  a particular technology
Knowledge Management
   ...of the course

...with a Blog

http://marielba.zacarias.org/
KMNotes/
Blog (top)
Blog (middle)
Blog (bottom)
Blog (Classes Page)
Blog (Labs Page)
Blog (Technologies Page)
Today’s topic..

Basic concepts
Problem: information vs knowledge
 Conceptual and Ontological!
 Engineering vs Human Sciences
Basic Assumptions
Ontology
  Position on reality and world
Epistemology
  Theory of Knowledge
    How knowledge is created
Methodology
  of research
Ontology
Interpretivism
Positivism
Constructivism


Ontological shock between
engineering and human sciences
(organizational, social, management)
Ontology
Interpretivism
Positivism
Constructivism


Ontological shock between
engineering and human sciences
(organizational, social, management)
Constructivism
Data vs Information

data: unprocessed symbols
objective (out of the subject)
informação: data processed to answer questions
  transferrable
  subject to measurement (quality & quantity)
manual or automatic processing
Information
Data: symbols (Pedro, 289-100-100)
Information: data with meaning in a given context
  Student name, telephone)
Information concept embedded in the signal concept
Signal: anything with meaning (words)
System of signals: organized collection of signals (language)
Levels: sintactics, semantics, pragmatics
Knowledge and Wisdom

Knowledge:
   application of data and information in action,
  depends on the context of action

   in human sciences knowledge is a human quality i.e.
   subjective, inside human minds
  in engineering, it could be extracted from human minds and
  represented in some way.
Wisdom: understanding as result of previous knowledge and
experience accumulated throughout time
Continuum data-wisdom
Continuum data-wisdom
Pyramid of Knowledge
grounded on identity
                                               construction
                                               retrospective
“Sense-making”                      situated and embodied (context)
                                           individual and social
                                             focused on cues


  “thinking processes that uses
retrospective accounts to explain
            surprises”

   “put stimuli into conceptual
  frameworks to comprehend,
  understand, explain, attribute,
    extrapolate and predict”
Tool Section
    Blogs &
Conceptual Maps
Blog
Web Log
website (or part of)
maintained by an individual who posts and
comments news, events or other materials
typically combine text, images, videos, audios, or
web links
  some word as diaries
typically interactive -> allow user replies to posts
Origins
online communities
 mailing lists
 bulleting board systems (BBS)
 online forums
modern blogs evolve from
 online diaries (mostly from jornalists)
Blog types
Personal
Topical
Corporative or organizacional
Type of content
 vlog, linklog, photolog
Devices (ex. mobile moblog)
Blog-based
      communities
Blogosphere
Blog search engines
 Blogscope, Technorati, Bloglines
Communities & Directories (MyBlogLog)
Advertisement
Considerações éticas e
       sociais
Popularity
Political Impact
Borders with mass communication
channels (TV, cinema)
Dangers (ex. blogs for anorexic girls, porn)
Blogger
WordPress
Conceptual Maps

Information and knowledge representation tool
Concepts + relations between concepts
Concepts:
 objects or events (names ou phrases)
Relations: Propositions connecting concepts
CMapTools
Dowloading CmapTools
Examples
Conceptual Maps Advantages

Graphic visualization of information and
knowledge resources
Facilitate comnunication and shared
understandings between people
Help answering questions about a domain
Conceptual Maps Disadvantagens

undiserable visualizations
incorrect interpretation
fixation of a unique perspective
information overload
outdating
Quality criteria

Functional
 serves a purpose? has an updating process?
 has feedback mechanisms
Cognitive
 overload? level of detail? allows visual
 comparisons? elements can be
 distinguished?
Quality criteria

Technical
 access time? visualized in a browser?
 readable in several resolutions? protected
 from non-authorized acess?
Aesthetics
 pretty? balanced? map identity is kept
 when increasing new elements?

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Gic2011 aula0-ingles

  • 1. Information & Knowledge Management Marielba Zacarias Prof. Auxiliar DEEI FCT I, Gab 2.69, Ext. 7749 mzacaria@ualg.pt http://w3.ualg.pt/~mzacaria
  • 2. Summary Introduction Basic Knowledge Information vs data & knowledge Information vs IS e IT Information vs Knowledge Management Conceptual Maps
  • 3. Who am I? Marielba Zacarias Computer Engineering (USB, 1982) Information Systems Programmer/Analyst (10 years) IT Consultant (3 anos) Ms Sc Systems Engineering (USB,1996) Teaching Assistant (1 ano) Project Manager (3 anos) PhD Informatics Engineering (IST, 2008) Organizational Engineering
  • 4. The course Mission: Teach information and knowledge management concepts, processes and technologies
  • 5. Course Challenges concepts human sciences theories perspective models processes computer IT applications sciences & tools perspective
  • 6. Course goals At the end of this course you should be able of: Distinguish between computer and human sciences perspectives Select, use and/or implement applications with a clear understanding on their implications for people and organizations
  • 7. Course Program I Week 1 Introduction, Concepts, Conceptual Maps Information vs Knowledge Management, Blogs Week 2 Knowledge Management Evolution, Wikis Knowledge Engineering Process, Groups Week 3 Knowledge Management Process, Social Networks Week 4 Information architecture and management, data warehouses
  • 8. Course Program II Week 5 Real-time Information and knowledge Management Data Mining Week 6 Knowledge e-dimension Week 7 Case Studies, semantic technologies Week 8 Collective knowledge systems, semantic web
  • 9. Bibliography Basic Harvard Business Review on Knowledge Management Knowledge Management, Carl Frappaolo Knowledge Engineering and Management: The CommonKADS Methodology, Guus Shreiber et al Also Selected papers Web Resources
  • 10. Teaching Method Professor Presentations (once a week) Student Presentations (once a week) Group Discussions (after student presentations) Resource sharing (papers, links, etc.) Online Discussions
  • 11. Evaluation Final Exam (50% - min 10) Group Project (15% - min 9) Labs (10 % - min 9) Student Presentations (15% - min 9) Discussion Participation (10% - min 9)
  • 12. Topics Presentations: theoretical topic Projects: focused on a particular technology must show an on-hands experience of a particular technology
  • 13. Knowledge Management ...of the course ...with a Blog http://marielba.zacarias.org/ KMNotes/
  • 20. Today’s topic.. Basic concepts Problem: information vs knowledge Conceptual and Ontological! Engineering vs Human Sciences
  • 21. Basic Assumptions Ontology Position on reality and world Epistemology Theory of Knowledge How knowledge is created Methodology of research
  • 22. Ontology Interpretivism Positivism Constructivism Ontological shock between engineering and human sciences (organizational, social, management)
  • 23. Ontology Interpretivism Positivism Constructivism Ontological shock between engineering and human sciences (organizational, social, management)
  • 25. Data vs Information data: unprocessed symbols objective (out of the subject) informação: data processed to answer questions transferrable subject to measurement (quality & quantity) manual or automatic processing
  • 26. Information Data: symbols (Pedro, 289-100-100) Information: data with meaning in a given context Student name, telephone) Information concept embedded in the signal concept Signal: anything with meaning (words) System of signals: organized collection of signals (language) Levels: sintactics, semantics, pragmatics
  • 27. Knowledge and Wisdom Knowledge: application of data and information in action, depends on the context of action in human sciences knowledge is a human quality i.e. subjective, inside human minds in engineering, it could be extracted from human minds and represented in some way. Wisdom: understanding as result of previous knowledge and experience accumulated throughout time
  • 31. grounded on identity construction retrospective “Sense-making” situated and embodied (context) individual and social focused on cues “thinking processes that uses retrospective accounts to explain surprises” “put stimuli into conceptual frameworks to comprehend, understand, explain, attribute, extrapolate and predict”
  • 32. Tool Section Blogs & Conceptual Maps
  • 33. Blog Web Log website (or part of) maintained by an individual who posts and comments news, events or other materials typically combine text, images, videos, audios, or web links some word as diaries typically interactive -> allow user replies to posts
  • 34. Origins online communities mailing lists bulleting board systems (BBS) online forums modern blogs evolve from online diaries (mostly from jornalists)
  • 35. Blog types Personal Topical Corporative or organizacional Type of content vlog, linklog, photolog Devices (ex. mobile moblog)
  • 36. Blog-based communities Blogosphere Blog search engines Blogscope, Technorati, Bloglines Communities & Directories (MyBlogLog) Advertisement
  • 37. Considerações éticas e sociais Popularity Political Impact Borders with mass communication channels (TV, cinema) Dangers (ex. blogs for anorexic girls, porn)
  • 40. Conceptual Maps Information and knowledge representation tool Concepts + relations between concepts Concepts: objects or events (names ou phrases) Relations: Propositions connecting concepts
  • 44. Conceptual Maps Advantages Graphic visualization of information and knowledge resources Facilitate comnunication and shared understandings between people Help answering questions about a domain
  • 45. Conceptual Maps Disadvantagens undiserable visualizations incorrect interpretation fixation of a unique perspective information overload outdating
  • 46. Quality criteria Functional serves a purpose? has an updating process? has feedback mechanisms Cognitive overload? level of detail? allows visual comparisons? elements can be distinguished?
  • 47. Quality criteria Technical access time? visualized in a browser? readable in several resolutions? protected from non-authorized acess? Aesthetics pretty? balanced? map identity is kept when increasing new elements?