SlideShare ist ein Scribd-Unternehmen logo
1 von 31
Downloaden Sie, um offline zu lesen
Mapping Cultural Heritage Information 
to CIDOC-CRM 
Maria Theodoridou 
Foundation for Research and Technology – Hellas 
Institute of Computer Science
BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 
 X3ML 
An interface for sustainable management of data mapping process 
 Use Case 
Mapping the dFMRÖ coin database to CIDOC-CRM 
2 
Overview
BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 
X3ML 
An interface for sustainable 
management of data mapping process 
Haridimos Kondylakis, Martin Doerr 
FORTH-ICS 
Gerald de Jong 
Delving B.V. 
Dominic Oldman 
British Museum 
3
BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 
Cultural Diversity and Data Standards 
 Cultural information is more than a domain: 
 Collection description (art, archeology, natural history….) 
 Archives and literature (records, treaties, letters, artful works..) 
 Administration, preservation, conservation of material heritage 
 Science and scholarship – investigation, interpretation 
 Presentation – exhibition making, teaching, publication 
 But how to make a documentation standard? 
 Each aspect needs its methods, forms, communication means 
 Data overlap, but do not fit in one schema 
4
BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 
“One model to rule them all” 
The CIDOC CRM 
 The CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model 
 A collaboration with the International Council of Museums 
 An ontology of 86 classes and 137 properties for culture and more 
 With the capacity to explain hundreds of (meta)data formats 
 Accepted by ISO TC46 in September 2000 
 International standard since 2006 - ISO 21127:2006 
 Serving as: 
 intellectual guide to create schemata, formats, profiles 
 A language for analysis of existing sources for integration/mediation 
“Identify elements with common meaning” 
 Transportation format for data integration / migration / Internet 
5
BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 
Mappings 
 Mapping Rule 
“a sufficient specification for the transformation of each 
instance of a source schema into an instance of a target 
schema while preserving as much as possible its initial 
‘meaning’ ” 
 In practice mappings are produced manually by 
Domain/IT experts 
 Labor-intensive 
 Error prone 
 Time consuming 
CIDOC-CRM 
DB1 DB2 … DBn 
Mappings 
6
BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 
Existing Mapping Approaches 
 Enormous amount of work already developed 
 Relational databases to RDF/S and OWL 
models 
 Files/XMLs to RDF/S 
 However previous approaches lack 
understanding of: 
 the borders between semantics and 
programming 
 the semantic heterogeneity cases between 
models 
 the business process that should be part of it 
7
BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 
X3ML Workflow 
Schema 
Matching 
CIDOC 
-CRM 
DB2 
DB2 
DB2 
Domain 
Experts 
Schema Matching 
Definition file 
URI 
generation 
specification 
IT Experts 
Terminology 
Mapping 
8
BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 
X3ML Mapping format 
9
BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 
X3ML – Additional Nodes 
10
BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 
X3ML - Intermediate Paths 
11
BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 
X3ML – Variables, Conditions, Info & Comments 
Blocks 
<if> 
<exists>[xpath]</exists> 
</if> 
<if><not> 
<if><exists>[xpath]</exists></if> 
</not></if> 
<if> 
<equals value="[value-for-comparison]">[ 
xpath]</equals> 
</if> 
<if><not> 
<if><equals value="[value-for-comparison]">[ 
xpath]</equals></if> 
</not></if> 
<x3ml> 
<info> 
... various fields describing the mapping ... 
</info> 
<namespaces/> 
<mappings> 
<mapping> 
<domain> 
<comments> 
... various notes about the domain ... 
</comments> 
</domain> 
<link> 
<path> 
<comments> 
... various notes about the path ... 
</comments> 
</path> 
<range> 
<comments> 
... various notes about the range ... 
</comments> 
</range> 
</link> 
</mapping> 
</mappings> 
<comments> 
... various notes about the mappings ... 
</comments> 
</x3ml> 
<entity variable="p1"> 
[generate the value] 
</entity> 
12
BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 
Use Case: 
Mapping the dFMRÖ coin database to 
CIDOC-CRM 
13 
Martin Doerr, Maria Theodoridou 
FORTH-ICS 
Edeltraud Aspöck, Klaus Vondrovec 
ÖAW
BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 
Advanced Research Infrastructure for Archaeological Dataset Networking in 
Europe 
FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES-2012-1 EU project , no: 313193 
http://www.ariadne-infrastructure.eu/ 
Primary goals 
 To integrate existing archaeological research infrastructures 
 To enable the use of distributed datasets and services 
 To develop new and powerful technologies as an integral component of the 
archaeological research methodology 
14
BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 
 CIDOC-CRM was chosen as ARIADNE’s integration platform since its 
primary role is to enable information exchange and integration between 
heterogeneous sources of cultural heritage information. 
 During the first year of ARIADNE, several mapping activities were initiated 
trying to convert existing schemata of archaeological data to CIDOC-CRM 
 Content providers were supported by FORTH 
 ÖAW worked on the mapping of four data bases: 
 dFMRÖ, a relational database of ancient Roman coin finds from Austria 
and Romania 
 UK Material Pool Database (Site DB) 
 UK Thunau Database (Image DB) 
 Franzhausen Kokoron Database (Cemetery DB) 
15
dFMRÖ 
digitale FundMünzen der Römischen Zeit in Österreich 
Austrian Academy of Sciences 
Numismatic Commission 
Klaus Vondrovec 
klaus.vondrovec@khm.at 
Access DB since 1999 
MySQL DB online since 2007 
http://www.oeaw.ac.at/numismatik/projekte/dfmroe/dfmroe.html 
16
17
Tables
BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 
dFMRÖ coin db: mapping Coin 
19 
Target Domain: 
E22 Man-Made Object 
Source Domain: 
//COIN 
 Two approaches for defining Coin 
 Introduce a specialization of E22 Man-Made Object: 
Exx Coin subclass of E22 Man-Made Object 
 Define the Type of E22 Man-Made Object: 
E22 Man-Made Object. P2 has type: E55 Type = “Coin” 
 To choose we need to answer the question: 
Does the new class Coin have new properties that are not available in E22? 
E55 Type 
Coin
BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 
dFMRÖ coin db: Identifiers 
20 
Target Range: 
E41 Appellation 
Target Domain: 
E22 Man-Made Object 
Target Path: 
P1 is identified by 
Source Path: 
ID 
Source Domain: 
//COIN 
Source Range: 
ID 
E55 Type 
Coin 
Guideline: We map local identifiers in relational database tables explicitly only if these 
identifiers are visible in the user interface and used in other documents as well. 
Alternatively, we use the local database identifiers only for generating URIs for the 
record instance, here the coin instance, and do NOT map the COIN.ID at all.
BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 
Mapping joins 
21 
Target Range: 
E4 Period 
Target Domain: 
E22 Man-Made Object 
P108i was produced by 
Source Path: 
COUNTRY_ID == COYNTRY_ID 
Source Domain: 
//Coin 
Source Range: 
//COUNTRY 
P10 falls within 
E12 Production 
p1
BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 
Mixing categorical and factual info 
 Need to separate categorical and factual data 
Inconsistent information: 
 Find spot -> for a specific coin 
 Historical facts -> for a category of coins 
22
BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 
Categorical production 
23 
P108i was 
produced by 
PC2 is example of 
PC1 produced 
things of type 
 Need to extend the model in order to 
support categorical production 
(similar to FRBR R26 produced things 
of type and R7 is example of) 
 Type can take values such as 
"AU from Rome, mint ..." 
which characterize the "edition" of the 
mint 
that can be recognized to be outcome 
of the same minting process. 
 Typically we would assume that there 
is a unique stamp used. 
E12 Production 
p1 
E55 Type 
AU from Rome 
E22 Man-Made Object 
MyCoin
BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 
P2 has type 
P17 was motivated by 
Needs specialization “gave order” 
P108 has produced 
P2 has type 
E55 Type 
AU from Rome, 
mint … 
Mixing categorical and factual info 
PC1 produced 
things of type 
E55 Type 
“AU” 
(DENOMINATION) 
E55 Type 
Issuing 
E22 Man-Made Object 
MyCoin 
E12 Production 
p1 
E7 Activity 
ia1
BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 
Issuer 
25 
Target Range: 
E39 Actor 
Target Domain: 
E22 Man-Made Object 
P108i was produced by 
Source Path: 
ISSUER_ID == PR_ID 
Source Domain: 
//COIN 
Source Range: 
//ISSUER 
P14 carried out by 
E12 Production 
p1 
"Issuer" is an accidental role, does not characterize 
an actor independently from particular contexts of 
activity. Therefore the Actor does not have the type 
"Issuer" but the activity only has the type "Issuing" 
P17 was motivated by 
E7 Activity 
ia1 
E55 Type 
Issuing
BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 
dFMRÖ coin db 
26
BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 
dFMRÖ coin db 
27
BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 
dFMRÖ coin db 
28
BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 
CIDOC CRM Mapping Repository 
29 
Published schema matching definitions are available at: 
http://139.91.183.3:9080/mapping_technology/ 
The schema matching definition (Version 1.0) format is available: 
http://139.91.183.3:9080/mapping_technology/xsd/x3ml/x3ml_v1.0.xsd 
The Mapping Memory Manager (3M) is available: 
http://139.91.183.3:9080/3M/ 
Domain experts are able to easily understand & edit X3ML mapping files 
You are kindly invited to send us your schema matching definition.
BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 
Lessons from mapping experiences 
 Semantic Interoperability can be defined by the capability of mapping 
 Mapping for epistemic networks is relatively simple: 
 Specialist/primary information databases frequently employ a flat schema, reducing complex 
relationships into simple fields 
 Source fields frequently map to composite paths under the CRM, making semantics explicit 
using a small set of primitives 
 Intermediate nodes are postulated or deduced (e.g., “production” from “coin”, “birth” from 
“person”). They are the hooks for integration with complementary sources 
 Cardinality constraints must not be enforced= Alternative or incomplete knowledge 
 Domain experts easily learn schema mapping 
 IT experts may not understand meaning, underestimate it or are bored by it! 
 Intuitive tools for domain experts needed: 
 Separate identifier matching from schema mapping 
 Separate terminology mediation from schema mapping 
30
BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 
Thank you! 
31

Weitere ähnliche Inhalte

Andere mochten auch

Cultural Mapping Dumaguete City
Cultural Mapping Dumaguete CityCultural Mapping Dumaguete City
Cultural Mapping Dumaguete CityMonte Christo
 
Lidar for heritage mapping in India
Lidar for heritage mapping in IndiaLidar for heritage mapping in India
Lidar for heritage mapping in IndiaArchana Joshi
 
Exploring the use of cultural mapping
Exploring the use of cultural mappingExploring the use of cultural mapping
Exploring the use of cultural mappingSAAD ALZAROONI, CM
 
Bayawan and Basay Cultural Mapping
Bayawan and Basay Cultural MappingBayawan and Basay Cultural Mapping
Bayawan and Basay Cultural MappingMonte Christo
 
Cultural Mapping & Digital Storytelling in a Social Context
Cultural Mapping & Digital Storytelling in a Social ContextCultural Mapping & Digital Storytelling in a Social Context
Cultural Mapping & Digital Storytelling in a Social ContextStefan Kolgen
 
Cultural Mapping in Barrie, Ontario
Cultural Mapping in Barrie, OntarioCultural Mapping in Barrie, Ontario
Cultural Mapping in Barrie, OntarioEmily Robson
 
Cultural Asset Mapping in Niagara
Cultural Asset Mapping in NiagaraCultural Asset Mapping in Niagara
Cultural Asset Mapping in NiagaraEmily Robson
 
DH101 2013/2014 course 6 - Semantic coding, RDF, CIDOC-CRM
DH101 2013/2014 course 6 - Semantic coding, RDF, CIDOC-CRMDH101 2013/2014 course 6 - Semantic coding, RDF, CIDOC-CRM
DH101 2013/2014 course 6 - Semantic coding, RDF, CIDOC-CRMFrederic Kaplan
 
Mapping VRA Core 4.0 to the CIDOC/CRM ontology
Mapping VRA Core 4.0 to the CIDOC/CRM ontologyMapping VRA Core 4.0 to the CIDOC/CRM ontology
Mapping VRA Core 4.0 to the CIDOC/CRM ontologyGiannis Tsakonas
 
Linked Data, Cultural Heritage & the Karma Mapping Software
Linked Data, Cultural Heritage & the Karma Mapping SoftwareLinked Data, Cultural Heritage & the Karma Mapping Software
Linked Data, Cultural Heritage & the Karma Mapping SoftwarePedro Szekely
 
Cultural Mapping of Siaton
Cultural Mapping of SiatonCultural Mapping of Siaton
Cultural Mapping of SiatonMonte Christo
 
Cultural Mapping For Amlan
Cultural Mapping For  AmlanCultural Mapping For  Amlan
Cultural Mapping For AmlanMonte Christo
 
GIS as tool for cultural heritage management
GIS as tool for cultural heritage managementGIS as tool for cultural heritage management
GIS as tool for cultural heritage managementyllferizi
 
Heritage legislation [compatibility mode]
Heritage  legislation [compatibility mode]Heritage  legislation [compatibility mode]
Heritage legislation [compatibility mode]Puducheri Kumar
 
Culture mapping: Space and place
Culture mapping: Space and placeCulture mapping: Space and place
Culture mapping: Space and placeDave Gray
 
Mapping Encoded Archival Description to CIDOC CRM
Mapping Encoded Archival Description to CIDOC CRMMapping Encoded Archival Description to CIDOC CRM
Mapping Encoded Archival Description to CIDOC CRMGiannis Tsakonas
 
Introducing the PRESSoo conceptual model for continuing resources
Introducing the PRESSoo conceptual model for continuing resourcesIntroducing the PRESSoo conceptual model for continuing resources
Introducing the PRESSoo conceptual model for continuing resourcesPatrick Le Boeuf
 
Large-scale Reasoning with a Complex Cultural Heritage Ontology (CIDOC CRM) ...
 Large-scale Reasoning with a Complex Cultural Heritage Ontology (CIDOC CRM) ... Large-scale Reasoning with a Complex Cultural Heritage Ontology (CIDOC CRM) ...
Large-scale Reasoning with a Complex Cultural Heritage Ontology (CIDOC CRM) ...Vladimir Alexiev, PhD, PMP
 

Andere mochten auch (20)

Cultural Mapping Dumaguete City
Cultural Mapping Dumaguete CityCultural Mapping Dumaguete City
Cultural Mapping Dumaguete City
 
Lidar for heritage mapping in India
Lidar for heritage mapping in IndiaLidar for heritage mapping in India
Lidar for heritage mapping in India
 
Exploring the use of cultural mapping
Exploring the use of cultural mappingExploring the use of cultural mapping
Exploring the use of cultural mapping
 
Cultural Mapping
Cultural MappingCultural Mapping
Cultural Mapping
 
Bayawan and Basay Cultural Mapping
Bayawan and Basay Cultural MappingBayawan and Basay Cultural Mapping
Bayawan and Basay Cultural Mapping
 
Cultural Mapping & Digital Storytelling in a Social Context
Cultural Mapping & Digital Storytelling in a Social ContextCultural Mapping & Digital Storytelling in a Social Context
Cultural Mapping & Digital Storytelling in a Social Context
 
CIDOC CRM in Practice
CIDOC CRM in PracticeCIDOC CRM in Practice
CIDOC CRM in Practice
 
Cultural Mapping in Barrie, Ontario
Cultural Mapping in Barrie, OntarioCultural Mapping in Barrie, Ontario
Cultural Mapping in Barrie, Ontario
 
Cultural Asset Mapping in Niagara
Cultural Asset Mapping in NiagaraCultural Asset Mapping in Niagara
Cultural Asset Mapping in Niagara
 
DH101 2013/2014 course 6 - Semantic coding, RDF, CIDOC-CRM
DH101 2013/2014 course 6 - Semantic coding, RDF, CIDOC-CRMDH101 2013/2014 course 6 - Semantic coding, RDF, CIDOC-CRM
DH101 2013/2014 course 6 - Semantic coding, RDF, CIDOC-CRM
 
Mapping VRA Core 4.0 to the CIDOC/CRM ontology
Mapping VRA Core 4.0 to the CIDOC/CRM ontologyMapping VRA Core 4.0 to the CIDOC/CRM ontology
Mapping VRA Core 4.0 to the CIDOC/CRM ontology
 
Linked Data, Cultural Heritage & the Karma Mapping Software
Linked Data, Cultural Heritage & the Karma Mapping SoftwareLinked Data, Cultural Heritage & the Karma Mapping Software
Linked Data, Cultural Heritage & the Karma Mapping Software
 
Cultural Mapping of Siaton
Cultural Mapping of SiatonCultural Mapping of Siaton
Cultural Mapping of Siaton
 
Cultural Mapping For Amlan
Cultural Mapping For  AmlanCultural Mapping For  Amlan
Cultural Mapping For Amlan
 
GIS as tool for cultural heritage management
GIS as tool for cultural heritage managementGIS as tool for cultural heritage management
GIS as tool for cultural heritage management
 
Heritage legislation [compatibility mode]
Heritage  legislation [compatibility mode]Heritage  legislation [compatibility mode]
Heritage legislation [compatibility mode]
 
Culture mapping: Space and place
Culture mapping: Space and placeCulture mapping: Space and place
Culture mapping: Space and place
 
Mapping Encoded Archival Description to CIDOC CRM
Mapping Encoded Archival Description to CIDOC CRMMapping Encoded Archival Description to CIDOC CRM
Mapping Encoded Archival Description to CIDOC CRM
 
Introducing the PRESSoo conceptual model for continuing resources
Introducing the PRESSoo conceptual model for continuing resourcesIntroducing the PRESSoo conceptual model for continuing resources
Introducing the PRESSoo conceptual model for continuing resources
 
Large-scale Reasoning with a Complex Cultural Heritage Ontology (CIDOC CRM) ...
 Large-scale Reasoning with a Complex Cultural Heritage Ontology (CIDOC CRM) ... Large-scale Reasoning with a Complex Cultural Heritage Ontology (CIDOC CRM) ...
Large-scale Reasoning with a Complex Cultural Heritage Ontology (CIDOC CRM) ...
 

Ähnlich wie Mapping Cultural Heritage Information to CIDOC-CRM

Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen
Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the CitizenLinked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen
Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the CitizenStefan Gradmann
 
A Framework for Improved Access to Museum Databases in the Semantic Web
A Framework for Improved Access to Museum Databases in the Semantic WebA Framework for Improved Access to Museum Databases in the Semantic Web
A Framework for Improved Access to Museum Databases in the Semantic WebMariana Damova, Ph.D
 
Achieving interoperability between the CARARE schema for monuments and sites ...
Achieving interoperability between the CARARE schema for monuments and sites ...Achieving interoperability between the CARARE schema for monuments and sites ...
Achieving interoperability between the CARARE schema for monuments and sites ...CARARE
 
Achieving Interoperability between the CARARE Schema for Monuments and Sites ...
Achieving Interoperability between the CARARE Schema for Monuments and Sites ...Achieving Interoperability between the CARARE Schema for Monuments and Sites ...
Achieving Interoperability between the CARARE Schema for Monuments and Sites ...Antoine Isaac
 
20110324 linked openeuropeanahumanities
20110324 linked openeuropeanahumanities20110324 linked openeuropeanahumanities
20110324 linked openeuropeanahumanitiesStefan Gradmann
 
20101015 linked openeuropeanafi
20101015 linked openeuropeanafi20101015 linked openeuropeanafi
20101015 linked openeuropeanafiStefan Gradmann
 
Europeana Creative. EDM Endpoint. Custom Views
Europeana Creative. EDM Endpoint. Custom ViewsEuropeana Creative. EDM Endpoint. Custom Views
Europeana Creative. EDM Endpoint. Custom ViewsVladimir Alexiev, PhD, PMP
 
Mapping the European(a) metadata landscape
Mapping the European(a) metadata landscapeMapping the European(a) metadata landscape
Mapping the European(a) metadata landscapeSally Chambers
 
Integrating archaeological data: The ARIADNE Infrastructure, Achille Felicett...
Integrating archaeological data: The ARIADNE Infrastructure, Achille Felicett...Integrating archaeological data: The ARIADNE Infrastructure, Achille Felicett...
Integrating archaeological data: The ARIADNE Infrastructure, Achille Felicett...ariadnenetwork
 
Semantic Web and Linked Data for cultural heritage materials - Approaches in ...
Semantic Web and Linked Data for cultural heritage materials - Approaches in ...Semantic Web and Linked Data for cultural heritage materials - Approaches in ...
Semantic Web and Linked Data for cultural heritage materials - Approaches in ...Antoine Isaac
 
ResearchSpace- Example of a VRE Based on CIDOC CRM
ResearchSpace- Example of a VRE Based on CIDOC CRMResearchSpace- Example of a VRE Based on CIDOC CRM
ResearchSpace- Example of a VRE Based on CIDOC CRMVladimir Alexiev, PhD, PMP
 
iDiscover: Towards the next generation of contextualised mobile museum guides
iDiscover: Towards the next generation of contextualised mobile museum guidesiDiscover: Towards the next generation of contextualised mobile museum guides
iDiscover: Towards the next generation of contextualised mobile museum guidesiDiscover Interactief Erfgoed
 
20110330 bruxelles doc_freedom
20110330 bruxelles doc_freedom20110330 bruxelles doc_freedom
20110330 bruxelles doc_freedomStefan Gradmann
 
Achieving interoperability between the CARARE schema for monuments and sites ...
Achieving interoperability between the CARARE schema for monuments and sites ...Achieving interoperability between the CARARE schema for monuments and sites ...
Achieving interoperability between the CARARE schema for monuments and sites ...Kate Fernie
 

Ähnlich wie Mapping Cultural Heritage Information to CIDOC-CRM (20)

Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen
Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the CitizenLinked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen
Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen
 
A Framework for Improved Access to Museum Databases in the Semantic Web
A Framework for Improved Access to Museum Databases in the Semantic WebA Framework for Improved Access to Museum Databases in the Semantic Web
A Framework for Improved Access to Museum Databases in the Semantic Web
 
Achieving interoperability between the CARARE schema for monuments and sites ...
Achieving interoperability between the CARARE schema for monuments and sites ...Achieving interoperability between the CARARE schema for monuments and sites ...
Achieving interoperability between the CARARE schema for monuments and sites ...
 
Achieving Interoperability between the CARARE Schema for Monuments and Sites ...
Achieving Interoperability between the CARARE Schema for Monuments and Sites ...Achieving Interoperability between the CARARE Schema for Monuments and Sites ...
Achieving Interoperability between the CARARE Schema for Monuments and Sites ...
 
20110324 linked openeuropeanahumanities
20110324 linked openeuropeanahumanities20110324 linked openeuropeanahumanities
20110324 linked openeuropeanahumanities
 
20101015 linked openeuropeanafi
20101015 linked openeuropeanafi20101015 linked openeuropeanafi
20101015 linked openeuropeanafi
 
Europeana Creative. EDM Endpoint. Custom Views
Europeana Creative. EDM Endpoint. Custom ViewsEuropeana Creative. EDM Endpoint. Custom Views
Europeana Creative. EDM Endpoint. Custom Views
 
SKOS hands-on workshop (tutorial) by Regine Stein
SKOS hands-on workshop (tutorial) by Regine SteinSKOS hands-on workshop (tutorial) by Regine Stein
SKOS hands-on workshop (tutorial) by Regine Stein
 
Mapping the European(a) metadata landscape
Mapping the European(a) metadata landscapeMapping the European(a) metadata landscape
Mapping the European(a) metadata landscape
 
Integrating archaeological data: The ARIADNE Infrastructure, Achille Felicett...
Integrating archaeological data: The ARIADNE Infrastructure, Achille Felicett...Integrating archaeological data: The ARIADNE Infrastructure, Achille Felicett...
Integrating archaeological data: The ARIADNE Infrastructure, Achille Felicett...
 
Semantic Web and Linked Data for cultural heritage materials - Approaches in ...
Semantic Web and Linked Data for cultural heritage materials - Approaches in ...Semantic Web and Linked Data for cultural heritage materials - Approaches in ...
Semantic Web and Linked Data for cultural heritage materials - Approaches in ...
 
Fact forge aimsa2012
Fact forge aimsa2012Fact forge aimsa2012
Fact forge aimsa2012
 
ResearchSpace- Example of a VRE Based on CIDOC CRM
ResearchSpace- Example of a VRE Based on CIDOC CRMResearchSpace- Example of a VRE Based on CIDOC CRM
ResearchSpace- Example of a VRE Based on CIDOC CRM
 
iDiscover: Towards the next generation of contextualised mobile museum guides
iDiscover: Towards the next generation of contextualised mobile museum guidesiDiscover: Towards the next generation of contextualised mobile museum guides
iDiscover: Towards the next generation of contextualised mobile museum guides
 
20110330 bruxelles doc_freedom
20110330 bruxelles doc_freedom20110330 bruxelles doc_freedom
20110330 bruxelles doc_freedom
 
Achieving interoperability between the CARARE schema for monuments and sites ...
Achieving interoperability between the CARARE schema for monuments and sites ...Achieving interoperability between the CARARE schema for monuments and sites ...
Achieving interoperability between the CARARE schema for monuments and sites ...
 
Linking Data the ALM way (Boris Zetterlund)
Linking Data the ALM way (Boris Zetterlund)Linking Data the ALM way (Boris Zetterlund)
Linking Data the ALM way (Boris Zetterlund)
 
Fact forge20 edf
Fact forge20 edfFact forge20 edf
Fact forge20 edf
 
OpenAIRE schirrwagen
OpenAIRE schirrwagenOpenAIRE schirrwagen
OpenAIRE schirrwagen
 
Connecting Museums with Linked Data
Connecting Museums with Linked DataConnecting Museums with Linked Data
Connecting Museums with Linked Data
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen

The Real Story Of Project Manager/Scrum Master From Where It Came?!
The Real Story Of Project Manager/Scrum Master From Where It Came?!The Real Story Of Project Manager/Scrum Master From Where It Came?!
The Real Story Of Project Manager/Scrum Master From Where It Came?!Loay Mohamed Ibrahim Aly
 
ISO 25964-1Working Group ISO/TC 46/SC 9/WG 8
ISO 25964-1Working Group ISO/TC 46/SC 9/WG 8ISO 25964-1Working Group ISO/TC 46/SC 9/WG 8
ISO 25964-1Working Group ISO/TC 46/SC 9/WG 8Access Innovations, Inc.
 
Communication Accommodation Theory Kaylyn Benton.pptx
Communication Accommodation Theory Kaylyn Benton.pptxCommunication Accommodation Theory Kaylyn Benton.pptx
Communication Accommodation Theory Kaylyn Benton.pptxkb31670
 
Burning Issue presentation of Zhazgul N. , Cycle 54
Burning Issue presentation of Zhazgul N. , Cycle 54Burning Issue presentation of Zhazgul N. , Cycle 54
Burning Issue presentation of Zhazgul N. , Cycle 54ZhazgulNurdinova
 
Juan Pablo Sugiura - eCommerce Day Bolivia 2024
Juan Pablo Sugiura - eCommerce Day Bolivia 2024Juan Pablo Sugiura - eCommerce Day Bolivia 2024
Juan Pablo Sugiura - eCommerce Day Bolivia 2024eCommerce Institute
 
Machine learning workshop, CZU Prague 2024
Machine learning workshop, CZU Prague 2024Machine learning workshop, CZU Prague 2024
Machine learning workshop, CZU Prague 2024Gokulks007
 
Communication Accommodation Theory Kaylyn Benton.pptx
Communication Accommodation Theory Kaylyn Benton.pptxCommunication Accommodation Theory Kaylyn Benton.pptx
Communication Accommodation Theory Kaylyn Benton.pptxkb31670
 
Dynamics of Professional Presentationpdf
Dynamics of Professional PresentationpdfDynamics of Professional Presentationpdf
Dynamics of Professional Presentationpdfravleel42
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen (8)

The Real Story Of Project Manager/Scrum Master From Where It Came?!
The Real Story Of Project Manager/Scrum Master From Where It Came?!The Real Story Of Project Manager/Scrum Master From Where It Came?!
The Real Story Of Project Manager/Scrum Master From Where It Came?!
 
ISO 25964-1Working Group ISO/TC 46/SC 9/WG 8
ISO 25964-1Working Group ISO/TC 46/SC 9/WG 8ISO 25964-1Working Group ISO/TC 46/SC 9/WG 8
ISO 25964-1Working Group ISO/TC 46/SC 9/WG 8
 
Communication Accommodation Theory Kaylyn Benton.pptx
Communication Accommodation Theory Kaylyn Benton.pptxCommunication Accommodation Theory Kaylyn Benton.pptx
Communication Accommodation Theory Kaylyn Benton.pptx
 
Burning Issue presentation of Zhazgul N. , Cycle 54
Burning Issue presentation of Zhazgul N. , Cycle 54Burning Issue presentation of Zhazgul N. , Cycle 54
Burning Issue presentation of Zhazgul N. , Cycle 54
 
Juan Pablo Sugiura - eCommerce Day Bolivia 2024
Juan Pablo Sugiura - eCommerce Day Bolivia 2024Juan Pablo Sugiura - eCommerce Day Bolivia 2024
Juan Pablo Sugiura - eCommerce Day Bolivia 2024
 
Machine learning workshop, CZU Prague 2024
Machine learning workshop, CZU Prague 2024Machine learning workshop, CZU Prague 2024
Machine learning workshop, CZU Prague 2024
 
Communication Accommodation Theory Kaylyn Benton.pptx
Communication Accommodation Theory Kaylyn Benton.pptxCommunication Accommodation Theory Kaylyn Benton.pptx
Communication Accommodation Theory Kaylyn Benton.pptx
 
Dynamics of Professional Presentationpdf
Dynamics of Professional PresentationpdfDynamics of Professional Presentationpdf
Dynamics of Professional Presentationpdf
 

Mapping Cultural Heritage Information to CIDOC-CRM

  • 1. Mapping Cultural Heritage Information to CIDOC-CRM Maria Theodoridou Foundation for Research and Technology – Hellas Institute of Computer Science
  • 2. BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014  X3ML An interface for sustainable management of data mapping process  Use Case Mapping the dFMRÖ coin database to CIDOC-CRM 2 Overview
  • 3. BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 X3ML An interface for sustainable management of data mapping process Haridimos Kondylakis, Martin Doerr FORTH-ICS Gerald de Jong Delving B.V. Dominic Oldman British Museum 3
  • 4. BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 Cultural Diversity and Data Standards  Cultural information is more than a domain:  Collection description (art, archeology, natural history….)  Archives and literature (records, treaties, letters, artful works..)  Administration, preservation, conservation of material heritage  Science and scholarship – investigation, interpretation  Presentation – exhibition making, teaching, publication  But how to make a documentation standard?  Each aspect needs its methods, forms, communication means  Data overlap, but do not fit in one schema 4
  • 5. BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 “One model to rule them all” The CIDOC CRM  The CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model  A collaboration with the International Council of Museums  An ontology of 86 classes and 137 properties for culture and more  With the capacity to explain hundreds of (meta)data formats  Accepted by ISO TC46 in September 2000  International standard since 2006 - ISO 21127:2006  Serving as:  intellectual guide to create schemata, formats, profiles  A language for analysis of existing sources for integration/mediation “Identify elements with common meaning”  Transportation format for data integration / migration / Internet 5
  • 6. BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 Mappings  Mapping Rule “a sufficient specification for the transformation of each instance of a source schema into an instance of a target schema while preserving as much as possible its initial ‘meaning’ ”  In practice mappings are produced manually by Domain/IT experts  Labor-intensive  Error prone  Time consuming CIDOC-CRM DB1 DB2 … DBn Mappings 6
  • 7. BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 Existing Mapping Approaches  Enormous amount of work already developed  Relational databases to RDF/S and OWL models  Files/XMLs to RDF/S  However previous approaches lack understanding of:  the borders between semantics and programming  the semantic heterogeneity cases between models  the business process that should be part of it 7
  • 8. BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 X3ML Workflow Schema Matching CIDOC -CRM DB2 DB2 DB2 Domain Experts Schema Matching Definition file URI generation specification IT Experts Terminology Mapping 8
  • 9. BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 X3ML Mapping format 9
  • 10. BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 X3ML – Additional Nodes 10
  • 11. BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 X3ML - Intermediate Paths 11
  • 12. BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 X3ML – Variables, Conditions, Info & Comments Blocks <if> <exists>[xpath]</exists> </if> <if><not> <if><exists>[xpath]</exists></if> </not></if> <if> <equals value="[value-for-comparison]">[ xpath]</equals> </if> <if><not> <if><equals value="[value-for-comparison]">[ xpath]</equals></if> </not></if> <x3ml> <info> ... various fields describing the mapping ... </info> <namespaces/> <mappings> <mapping> <domain> <comments> ... various notes about the domain ... </comments> </domain> <link> <path> <comments> ... various notes about the path ... </comments> </path> <range> <comments> ... various notes about the range ... </comments> </range> </link> </mapping> </mappings> <comments> ... various notes about the mappings ... </comments> </x3ml> <entity variable="p1"> [generate the value] </entity> 12
  • 13. BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 Use Case: Mapping the dFMRÖ coin database to CIDOC-CRM 13 Martin Doerr, Maria Theodoridou FORTH-ICS Edeltraud Aspöck, Klaus Vondrovec ÖAW
  • 14. BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 Advanced Research Infrastructure for Archaeological Dataset Networking in Europe FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES-2012-1 EU project , no: 313193 http://www.ariadne-infrastructure.eu/ Primary goals  To integrate existing archaeological research infrastructures  To enable the use of distributed datasets and services  To develop new and powerful technologies as an integral component of the archaeological research methodology 14
  • 15. BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014  CIDOC-CRM was chosen as ARIADNE’s integration platform since its primary role is to enable information exchange and integration between heterogeneous sources of cultural heritage information.  During the first year of ARIADNE, several mapping activities were initiated trying to convert existing schemata of archaeological data to CIDOC-CRM  Content providers were supported by FORTH  ÖAW worked on the mapping of four data bases:  dFMRÖ, a relational database of ancient Roman coin finds from Austria and Romania  UK Material Pool Database (Site DB)  UK Thunau Database (Image DB)  Franzhausen Kokoron Database (Cemetery DB) 15
  • 16. dFMRÖ digitale FundMünzen der Römischen Zeit in Österreich Austrian Academy of Sciences Numismatic Commission Klaus Vondrovec klaus.vondrovec@khm.at Access DB since 1999 MySQL DB online since 2007 http://www.oeaw.ac.at/numismatik/projekte/dfmroe/dfmroe.html 16
  • 17. 17
  • 19. BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 dFMRÖ coin db: mapping Coin 19 Target Domain: E22 Man-Made Object Source Domain: //COIN  Two approaches for defining Coin  Introduce a specialization of E22 Man-Made Object: Exx Coin subclass of E22 Man-Made Object  Define the Type of E22 Man-Made Object: E22 Man-Made Object. P2 has type: E55 Type = “Coin”  To choose we need to answer the question: Does the new class Coin have new properties that are not available in E22? E55 Type Coin
  • 20. BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 dFMRÖ coin db: Identifiers 20 Target Range: E41 Appellation Target Domain: E22 Man-Made Object Target Path: P1 is identified by Source Path: ID Source Domain: //COIN Source Range: ID E55 Type Coin Guideline: We map local identifiers in relational database tables explicitly only if these identifiers are visible in the user interface and used in other documents as well. Alternatively, we use the local database identifiers only for generating URIs for the record instance, here the coin instance, and do NOT map the COIN.ID at all.
  • 21. BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 Mapping joins 21 Target Range: E4 Period Target Domain: E22 Man-Made Object P108i was produced by Source Path: COUNTRY_ID == COYNTRY_ID Source Domain: //Coin Source Range: //COUNTRY P10 falls within E12 Production p1
  • 22. BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 Mixing categorical and factual info  Need to separate categorical and factual data Inconsistent information:  Find spot -> for a specific coin  Historical facts -> for a category of coins 22
  • 23. BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 Categorical production 23 P108i was produced by PC2 is example of PC1 produced things of type  Need to extend the model in order to support categorical production (similar to FRBR R26 produced things of type and R7 is example of)  Type can take values such as "AU from Rome, mint ..." which characterize the "edition" of the mint that can be recognized to be outcome of the same minting process.  Typically we would assume that there is a unique stamp used. E12 Production p1 E55 Type AU from Rome E22 Man-Made Object MyCoin
  • 24. BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 P2 has type P17 was motivated by Needs specialization “gave order” P108 has produced P2 has type E55 Type AU from Rome, mint … Mixing categorical and factual info PC1 produced things of type E55 Type “AU” (DENOMINATION) E55 Type Issuing E22 Man-Made Object MyCoin E12 Production p1 E7 Activity ia1
  • 25. BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 Issuer 25 Target Range: E39 Actor Target Domain: E22 Man-Made Object P108i was produced by Source Path: ISSUER_ID == PR_ID Source Domain: //COIN Source Range: //ISSUER P14 carried out by E12 Production p1 "Issuer" is an accidental role, does not characterize an actor independently from particular contexts of activity. Therefore the Actor does not have the type "Issuer" but the activity only has the type "Issuing" P17 was motivated by E7 Activity ia1 E55 Type Issuing
  • 26. BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 dFMRÖ coin db 26
  • 27. BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 dFMRÖ coin db 27
  • 28. BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 dFMRÖ coin db 28
  • 29. BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 CIDOC CRM Mapping Repository 29 Published schema matching definitions are available at: http://139.91.183.3:9080/mapping_technology/ The schema matching definition (Version 1.0) format is available: http://139.91.183.3:9080/mapping_technology/xsd/x3ml/x3ml_v1.0.xsd The Mapping Memory Manager (3M) is available: http://139.91.183.3:9080/3M/ Domain experts are able to easily understand & edit X3ML mapping files You are kindly invited to send us your schema matching definition.
  • 30. BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 Lessons from mapping experiences  Semantic Interoperability can be defined by the capability of mapping  Mapping for epistemic networks is relatively simple:  Specialist/primary information databases frequently employ a flat schema, reducing complex relationships into simple fields  Source fields frequently map to composite paths under the CRM, making semantics explicit using a small set of primitives  Intermediate nodes are postulated or deduced (e.g., “production” from “coin”, “birth” from “person”). They are the hooks for integration with complementary sources  Cardinality constraints must not be enforced= Alternative or incomplete knowledge  Domain experts easily learn schema mapping  IT experts may not understand meaning, underestimate it or are bored by it!  Intuitive tools for domain experts needed:  Separate identifier matching from schema mapping  Separate terminology mediation from schema mapping 30
  • 31. BM meet-up “Semantics and Cultural Heritage”, London, September 12, 2014 Thank you! 31