Using Grammatical Signals Suitable to Patterns of Idea Development
IntroGPS
1. Introduction to the Global
Positioning
System
by
Dr. Stephen C. Brown
K-State Research and Extension
Brown County
And
Mandy Kern
Hiawatha High Agriculture Educator
2. WHAT IS GPS?
• Satellite based radio positioning system
• Developed and maintained by the
U.S. Department of Defense
• Made up of three segments:
Space
Control
User or Ground receivers
• Used for obtaining accurate locations
anywhere on earth
6. Math Connection
Step 1
•Suppose we measure our
distance from a satellite and
find it to be 11,000 miles.
•Knowing that we're 11,000
miles from a particular
satellite narrows down all the
possible locations we could
be in the whole universe to
the surface of a sphere that is
centered on this satellite and
has a radius of 11,000 miles.
7. Math Connection
Step 2
•Next, say we measure
our distance to a second
satellite and find out that
it's 12,000 miles away.
• That tells us that we're
not only on the first sphere
but we're also on a sphere
that's 12,000 miles from
the second satellite. Or in
other words, we're
somewhere on the circle
where these two spheres
intersect.
8. Math Connection
Step 3
•If we then make a
measurement from a third
satellite and find that we're
13,000 miles from that one,
that narrows our position down
even further to the two points
where the 13,000 mile sphere
cuts through the intersection of
the first two spheres. •To decide which one is our true
location we could make a fourth
•So by ranging from three measurement. But usually one of
satellites we can narrow our the two points is a ridiculous
position to just two points in answer (either too far from Earth or
space. moving at an impossible velocity)
and can be rejected without a
measurement.
12. EPE
(Estimated Position Error)
The higher the EPE,
the greater the
Positioning error!
Good EPE’s range from 10-20 feet.
Proper pre-mission planning prevents poor positioning!
14. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS
•Navigation
•Sailing, hiking and aviation
•Collecting and locating way-points
•Locating Features
• Stocking locations or stream surveys
• Endangered or sensitive species locations
• Locating trails or physical structures
•GIS
•Collecting GPS data along with attribute data
• Mapping and database update
•Surveying
•Locating Control Points quickly
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19. LOW END UNITS
•Capabilities
•20 ft accuracy
•1-12 channel receiver
•Collect only way point data
•Cost
•$80 - $600
•Limitations
•Poor reception under tree canopy
•No file collection
•Applications
•Navigation for hiking or sailing
20. MID-RANGE UNITS
•Capabilities
• Sub-meter accuracy with DGPS
• 6-12 channel receiver
• Collects static, mobile and attribute data
•Cost
• $2,500 - $15,000
•Limitations
•Not accurate for surveying
•Applications
• Navigation
• Mapping
•GIS Update
21. HIGH END UNITS
•Capabilities
• cm accuracy with DGPS
• 12 channel receiver
• Collects static points
•Cost
• $15,000 - $100,000
•Applications
• Surveying
22. Garmin GPS Receivers
Inexpensive and downloadable
Available locally for less
than $150
Most GPS receivers similar
in operation
23. Okay, lets see how it
works!
Zoom out/in Page Button
Button
Power
Button
Find
Button
Thumbstick
31. Creating Waypoints
Marking waypoints
allows you to
remember and return
to a specific location
Waypoints are
created by pressing
and holding
thumbstick
32. Finding Waypoints
Pressing “Find”
button will bring up
a list of waypoints
Entering a waypoint
will result in “as the
crow flies”
directions to that
33. Finding Waypoints
Name of Waypoint
Distance to Waypoint
Bearing to Waypoint
Heading
Speed
34. What is
Geocaching?
Geocaching is a worldwide “scavenger hunt”
using GPS to find “caches” of treasure. The
only rules are to leave something if you take
something and do not disturb the cache
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38. Links to using GPS into the
Classroom
http://worldofagriculture.org/WOA-precag.htm
39. Let’s Practice!!
Waypoint #1 – N 39°51.102
W 095°31.536
Waypoint #2 – N 39°51.081
W 095°31.590
Waypoint #3 – N 39°51.113
W 095°31.417
Waypoint #4 – N 39°51.090
W 095°31.400