1. MICROSCOPIC STRUCTURE OF THE ESOPHAGUS, STOMACH, AND SMALL AND LARGE INTESTINE HISTOPHYSIOLOGY OF THE INTESTINE BLOOD AND LYMPH CIRCULATION

2. Recommended addresses: http://www.med.muni.cz/histol/ Sylabus-zahr.rtf http://www.med.muni.cz/histol/ vseob2pda.rtf http://www.med.muni.cz/histol/ atlas.htm

4. D igestive system consists of:

5. GENERAL STRUCTURE OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL

9. Esophagus

10. Stomach ( lat. ventriculus, ř. gaster, stomachus) segment of alimentary canal that digests food and secretes hormones food mixed with gastric juice = chyme volume cca 2 l

12. Cardia ventriculi: a narrow circular band (1,5 -3,0 cm in with) at the transition between esophagus and stomach change of the epithelium mucous cardiac glands in the lamina propria (mucus + lysozyme)

14. Fundus et corpus ventriculi:

16. Mucosa: - simple columnar epithelium - lamina propria mucoae - loose areolar conn. tissue - lamina muscularis mucoae

17. lamina propria is penetrated with branched tubular glands- gastric (fundic) glands 3 parts: base, body and neck 4 cell types: - chief (pepsinogenic) - parietal (oxyntic, HCl) - nucous neck - enteroendocrine gastric juice

18. an enzyme typical of oxyntic (parietal) cells is carbonic anhydrase

19. Pylorus ventriculi: deeper gastric pits, reticular conn. tissue, pyloric glands

22. circular plicae (valves of Kerckring, plicae circulares) Intestinal villi (villi intestinales) Microvilli

27. Paneth´s cells

29. intestinal villus

31. Jejunum

32. BLOOD AND LYMPH CIRCULATION

37. Large intestine - surface semilunar plicae absence of intestinal villi crypts of Lieberkühn retained

40. Vermiform appendix

42. The rectum: