Internet of things 14-dec2013

The Internet of
Things
A Bird’s EyeView
Dr. Raghunath
Govindachari
Mindtree
Ltd.
Presented at Lounge47.in on 14th December 2013
Copyright © Dr. Raghunath Govindachari

Agenda
 Part I: Principles
◦ Background & Definitions
◦ Evolutionary Trends
 Part II: Business of IOT
 Part III: Practices
◦ Platforms,Architecture & Protocols
 Part IV: Research
◦ Interoperability, Context, Event
Processing
◦ Intelligence @ the Periphery

PART I: PRINCIPLES

Today’s Internet: A
Snapshot

The Second Inflection

IOT: New Devices, New
Industries

Enablers and Challenges
 Enablers
◦ Advances inWireless & Networking
◦ IPV6,All IPWireless Cores & RANs
◦ Embedded Intelligence: Sensing and Analytics,
◦ Distributed and Stream Reasoning
Models & algorithms
 Challenges
◦ 1000x Bandwidth Increase & Proportionate
Signaling
Scale
◦ Acceptance of Newer Business Models
 Consumption based and QOS Based Services
◦ Legal Hurdles
 Privacy & Security
◦ Cost-Benefit Cross Over: CAPEX
Investments vs Operational Savings

What is Internet ofThings?
 Physical world objects become tools
for
sensing and communicating
information
◦ they become tools for comprehending
complexity and dynamics and to
respond swiftly.
 Already happening in pockets:
◦ Smart precision farming (Sensor based
water,
fertilizer, pesticide control)
◦ Billboard in Japan embed cameras to
analyze consumer profiles and instantly
change display contents

IOT: Broad Applications
 Tracking & Monitoring
◦ Anti-theft/tamper of Devices
 Improved Trustworthiness of Information
Sources
◦ Feedback Loop Infrastructure
 SmartGrids, Connected Homes & Enterprises
 Remote Diagnostics & Management
◦ Huge Savings on FieldT
echnology
Support
 Real-time Synchronization
◦ Mail/File/SW Push
 Always-on andWake-on-Net Usage
Paradigms

The IOT Haze
IOT >> {RFID,WSN, M2M, … }
10

The “Popular” Notion of IOT
IOT = {DEVICES} U {IT Infrastructure} U {People}
11

The M2M to IOT Evolution
12

IOT: Closing the Physical – Digital
Loop
Field Devices
Comm. Infrastructure
IT Infrastructure
Analytics
Field Operations
RT Data
Decisions
Actions
13

IOT: MyWorldView
Devices
People
IOT
IT Infrastructure
IOT is uniquely characterized by service discovery & delivery,
context synthesis, reasoning based complex event processing and
distributed multi-agent decision making to provide optimum
operational intelligence in Real-time.
Traditional IT M2M IOT
Decision support
systems based on
business logic,
structured data
schema and managed
and pre-configured
Focusses on
Connectivity,
provisioning,
configuration and
management of devices
and networks
Brings RT context
into decision
making and
dynamic
behavior/personali
ty to end devices

IOT: Dawn of the Real-time
Enterprise?
 IOT enabled Business Processes
 Service-enabling the IOT Resources
 Adaptive Event Driven Processes
 Highly Scalable and Distributed
Processes
What Internet did to EA in the digital
world, IOT
-enablement can do in the
Physical world
15

Evolving Industrial Systems
Architecture
“Consumerization” of Industrial
systems? 16

BUSINESS OF IOT

IoT Landscape
Panorama

IoT – Growth Markets
Key Growth Markets -
Industrial Equipment,
Transportation,
By 2017, the overall
IoT
&
M2M
Communication market, public
safety
& security and retail will
b
e
maximu
m
estimated to
contribute
market share, i.e. 16.8% and
18.7% followed by consumer &
residential, and IT & telecom at
around 11.9% and 10.5%;
industrial & commercial
buildings 8.6%; Healthcare 7.7%.
While, the energy & power,
transportation, manufacturing, and
other verticals with a forecast data at
7.1%, 7.1%, 6.8%, and 4.9%,
respectively (Markets & Markets)
Top 10 Connected-life
applications by 2020
(Machina Research)
Application Value
($USb)
Connected Car 600
Clinical Remote Monitoring 350
Assisted Living 270
Home and Building Security 250
Pay-As-You-Drive Car
Insurance
245
New Business Models for
Car Usage
225
Smart Meters 105
Traffic Management 100
Electric Vehicle Charging 75
Building Automation 40

IoTValue Chain –Value
Share
Close to 70% of the value is in Service platforms &
Services
M2M services revenue
projections 2012
Value shifts in M2M
services

IoTValue Chain
Opportunities

The business of IOT –
Applications
◦ Smart Urban City Applications - Monitoring of parking
spaces, Intelligent and adaptive lighting systems, Smart
traffic congestion and transportation solutions.
◦ Environment sensing & monitoring – Continuous air
quality monitoring, Citizen noise pollution monitoring,
Detecting forest fires using wireless sensors.
◦ SmartWater Systems –Water Flow Detection,Water
Quality Monitoring
◦ Intelligent Buildings – Home energy monitoring (1, 2),
Building automation & control network, Internet-enabled
HVAC Systems.

Cont’d…
 Retail & Logistics - Supply chain control, automated warehouse
restocking, item location, RFID based NFC payments.
 Inter-Vehicular technologies –VehicularAd-hoc Networks
(VANET), Fleet tracking,V2V andV2I (Vehicle-to-Vehicle and
Vehicle-to- Infrastructure)
 Precision agriculture – Quality vineyard decisions, Crop
disease detection, Smart irrigation systems.
 Medical & Healthcare – Vital function monitoring, Independent
living (wellness for the aged), Pharmaceutical companies.

The IOT Skills
◦ Opportunities @ Interface; Multi-disciplinary:
 Embedded Systems,WSNs, NW Protocols,Web
T
echnologies, Social-NW-enablement, Semantic
Modeling,AI
◦ Mastering Open Source Components
 Hardening them for real-world solutions
 System Level Optimization: Performance, Power,
Cost,
◦ Focused Partnerships
 Domain-centric,T
echnology-centric, Business-centric

IOT– Selected AnalystWebsites and
Resources
• Beecham Research:
• ABI Research
• Forrester:
•Frost & Sullivan:
• Gartner:
M2M World of Connected Things Sector Map
nternet of Things, M2M , Wireless Sensor Networks
Internet of Things Reports
Internet of Things, M2M, Sensor
Internet of Things and Internet of Things Blog Posts
M2M and M2M Blog Posts
Sensor and Sensor Blog Posts
Search for Internet of Things, M2M
Internet of Things (IoT) & Machine-T
o-Machine (M2M) Communication
• IDC:
•Markets & Markets
Market
•Machina Research
•Harbor Research
•IMS Research
•Juniper Research
Buildings 2012-2017
•Berg Insight
Report - M2M Global Forecast andAnalysis 2011-22
2012 Smart Systems Forecast Report
http://www.imsresearch.com/search.php?keywords=m2m
m2m & Embedded Strategies -T
elematics, Smart CE, Meters and
SecurityApplications and Wireless M2M – December 2012

PART III: PRACTICES

WSNVendors
27

Component
s
iSense iMote2
Hardware
Jenni
c
Intel
XScale
MSP43
0
MSP43
0
ScatterWeb MSB Tmote Sky
Operating
Systems
iSens
e
TinyO
S
ScatterWeb,
Contiki
Contiki,TinyO
S
Programming
Language
C++ nes C C,

PAAS Platforms: Data Logging
&
Visualization
 iDigi Device Cloud(http://www.idigi.com/)
 Pachube/Cosm/xively (https://xively.com/)
 Evrythng Engine & Services
(http://evrythng.com/)
 SensorCloud (http://www.sensorcloud.com/)
 ThingSpeak (https://www.thingspeak.com)
 Nimbits (http://www.nimbits.com/
 Grovestreams (https://grovestreams.com)

IOT Protocols
David E. Culler - The Internet of Every Thing - steps toward sustainability
CWSN Keynote, Sept. 26, 2011

IOT Middleware and
Platforms

Middleware functional
blocks
 The key functional blocks of a
Middleware
typically are:
◦ Device discovery and management
◦ Interoperation
◦ Context Detection (state of the physical devices)
◦ Security and Privacy (Authentication and Access Control)
◦ Managing large data volumes (Big Data Solutions)

Middleware… Cont’d
 Some of the leading open-source IOT middleware
are:
◦ LinkSmart (previously called Hydra)
◦ Aspire (for RFID solutions )
◦ UbiSOAP (SOAP based, two-layer architecture)
◦ UbiWARE (using autonomous agents to monitor
state of
devices)
◦ GSN (XML and SQL based virtual sensor manager)
◦ SOCRADES (uses SAP NetWeaver platform)

Resources
34
◦ IOTT
oolkit: http://postscapes.com/internet-
of-
things-
resources/

PART IV: ON-GOING
RESEARCH

IOT: Research Areas
36
◦ Heterogeneity @ “internet” scale
◦ Data Representation &
Interchange
◦ Query Models for Streaming
Data
◦ Heterogeneous Event
Processing
◦ Context Capture/Synthesis
◦ Stream Reasoning

Our Research in IOT
Middleware
37
 Communication Aspects of IOT
◦ IPv6 over BLE transport
◦ Internet Service for Bluetooth
◦ COAP Protocol Stack
◦ Routing Protocols for LLNs
 Intelligent Middleware for IOT
◦ Service Orientation at Gateway Level
◦ Semantic SOA for Service Description
◦ Sensor Data Fusion, Enhancement &
Context Augmentation
◦ Streaming Data Management

Intelligent
Gateways
38
◦ Intelligence at the Periphery
 Real-time Response, Sensor Data Fusion,
Data Enhancement/Transformation,
Summarization, and Context Augmentation
◦ Basis for Enabling “Sensing as a Service”
 ServiceVirtualization and Composition
 QOS and Service Semantics Configuration

Service Orientation at Gateway
in
ConnectedVehicles
39
 Colocation of Multiple NW Regimes
◦ Under the Hood, in-cabin and in-container NWs
◦ ECU/OBD Remote Monitoring byVehicle
OEM/on- Road Service NW
◦ T
elematics NW used by Fleet Operator
and/or Insurance Agency
◦ ContainerT
elemetry NW used by
Warehouse/Logistics Provider
 But in Isolation
◦ ECU Data not available to Fleet
Operator/Logistics
provider

Service Orientation at Gateways in
Connected Homes
40
 Colocation of Multiple NW Regimes but
in isolation
◦ Basic Utility remote Metering and Demand Monitoring
NW
◦ Home/tenement/building level climate monitoring/control
NW
◦ ConnectedAppliances Remote diagnostics &
maintenance
◦ Remote Health/fitness/life-style monitoring Services NW
 Isolation leads to loss of contextual information
 Gateways for each NW leads to cost inefficiencies
 Intelligent Gateways with service Orientation
enables collaboration across NW Regimes
 Highly Secure Common Gateways can lower

Mindtree Intelligent IOT
Middleware
6LoWPAN
IPV6 with IPSEC and RPL
802.15.4
Blueto
oth
Protocol
adaptor
Protoc
ol
Adapto
r
Event &
Exceptions
Processin
g
Predictive
Maintenanc
e
Safety & Security
Resource
Management
CoAP (C&S)
UDP
Data
Management
Connectivity
management
Security,
Privacy,Trust
Data Analytics &
Contextualization
XML,
JSO
N
Proxy
TCP/I
P
Transcod
i ng
HTT
P-
CoA
P
HTT
P
EXI
Application
Service
Enablement
GW
Intelligence
Cellula
r
Ethernet
Other
protoc
ols
Protoc
ol
Adapto
r
Multi-protocol
Stack
“Intelligence”
Pack
QoS & Data flow
management
Service
Virtualization

Internet of things 14-dec2013

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