EARTH SCI REVIEW

1. L.O: REVIEW IGNEOUS,
SEDIMENTARY AND METAMORPHIC
ROCKS

2. ROCKS: PIECES OF THE LITHOSPHERE
(SOLID PART OF EARTH) MADE OF
MINERALS
THERE ARE THREE KINDS OF ROCKS:
IGNEOUS, SEDIMENTARY AND
METAMORPHIC ROCK.

3. ROCKS ARE CLASSIFIED (GROUPED) BY
HOW THEY FORMED
• IGNEOUS ROCKS: formed when MOLTEN ROCK
(magna/lava) cools and solidifies.
• SEDIMENTARY ROCK: FORMED FROM THE
COMPACTION AND CEMENTATION OF SEDIMENT
(ROCK) PARTICLES.
• METAMORPHIC ROCK: FORMED BY HEAT AND
PRESSURE APPLIED TO EXISTING ROCKS.

4. IGNEOUS
ROCKS

5. IGNEOUS ROCKS: FORMED BY THE
SOLIDIFICATION & CRYSTALIZATION OF
MOLTEN ROCK
IGNEOUS ROCKS: formed when MOLTEN ROCK
(magna/lava) cools and solidifies.
Mineral crystals form as the molten rock cools.

6. Intrusive igneous rocks versus
extrusive igneous rocks

7. Intrusive igneous rocks:
When MAGMA coolsVEEEERRRRYYY SLOOOOWLY
INSIDE the earth, the igneous rocks formed are called
INTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS.

8. Intrusive igneous rocks have:
LARGE CRYSTALS AND COARSE OR VERY COARSE
TEXTURE.

9. extrusive igneous rocks:
When LAVA cools VERY VERY QUICKLY OUTSIDE the
Earth FROM OUT OF A VOLCANO, the igneous rocks
formed are called EXTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS.

10. EXtrusive igneous rocks have:
SMALL CRYSTALS OR LOOK LIKE BLACK GLASS (NO
CRYSTALS). HAVE FINE TEXTURE OR GLASSY TEXTURE.

11. MAFIC IGNEOUS ROCKS VERSUS
FELSIC IGENEOUS ROCKS.

12. MAFIC IGNEOUS ROCKS VERSUS
FELSIC IGENEOUS ROCKS.
• ROCKS are made of minerals.
• Rocks made from dark, high density minerals (iron
(Fe) & magnesium(Mg) ) are MAFIC.
• Rocks made from light color, low density minerals (
Feldspar, silicon and aluminum ) are FELSIC.

13. YOU MUST BE ABLE TO USE ESRT PAGE
6 to identify igneous rocks.

14. All the igneous rocks that you might
see the regents are the ones below:

15. Now turn to page 81 of your green
work book complete the questions.

16. SEDIMENTARY
ROCK:

17. SEDIMENTARY ROCK: almost always form in
a water environment from THE
COMPACTION AND CEMENTATION OF
SEDIMENT (ROCK) PARTICLES.

18. Sediment (rock particles) get
deposited, buried, compacted and
cemented together. Fossils are
usually only found in sedimentary
rocks.

19. SEDIMENTARY ROCK: formed from THE
COMPACTION AND CEMENTATION OF
SEDIMENT (ROCK) PARTICLES.

20. Turn to ESRT page 7: these are the only
possible sedimentary rocks you MAY
see

21. Turn to page 89 of your green
workbook complete the typical
sedimentary rocks questions.

22. METAMORPHIC
ROCK:

23. METAMORPHIC ROCK: FORMED BY
HEAT AND PRESSURE APPLIED TO
EXISTING ROCKS.

24. There are two types of
metamorphism: regional and
contact

25. Regional metamorphism:
metamorphic rock formed deep
underground by heat and pressure.

26. contact metamorphism: metamorphic
rock formed when the heat of
magma/lava touches rocks.

27. Foliated metamorphic rocks:
minerals are aligned in thick bands.

28. DISTORTED BANDING IN
METAMORPHIC ROCK

29. ESRT PAGE 8 SHOWS THE SCHEME TO
ID METAMORPHIC ROCKS.

30. NOW COMPLETE PAGE 96 ON
METAMORPHIC ROCKS.

31. THE ROCK CYCLE: THROUGH
GEOLOGICAL FORCES, ROCKS CAN
TRANSFORM INTO EACH OTHER.
COMPLETE PAGE 78.