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Day 14 - Leaders and Parties in Congress
1. Day 14 – Leaders and Parties in
Congress
July 23, 2013
2. In the News
• Senate Control in 2014 a Toss-Up
▫ http://fivethirtyeight.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/07
/15/senate-control-in-2014-increasingly-looks-
like-a-tossup/
3. Why Parties?
• Parties are endogenous
▫ Actions of political actors that created
political parties and actions of political
actors that shape and alter them over time.
• Key actors
▫ Office seekers
▫ Benefit seekers
• Parties serve as vehicles that
▫ Regulate Conflict
▫ Promote Collective Choices (e.g. attaining
policy majorities)
▫ Collective Action
“Parties may help officeholder win more,
and more often, than alternatives.” (p.23)
• Why Two Parties?
▫ First past the post system
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s7tWHJ
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4. House Rules
• Constitutional v. Convention
• Constitutional
▫ Article I, Sec. 2
“The House of Representatives shall chuse their Speaker
and other Officers; and shall have the sole Power of
Impeachment.”
▫ Article I, Sec. 5
“Each House shall be the Judge of the Elections, Returns
and Qualifications of its own Members, and a Majority of
each shall constitute a Quorum to do Business; but a
smaller Number may adjourn from day to day, and may
be authorized to compel the Attendance of absent
Members, in such Manner, and under such Penalties as
each House may provide.”
“Each House may determine the Rules of its Proceedings,
punish its Members for disorderly Behaviour, and, with
the Concurrence of two thirds, expel a Member.”
5. House Rules (Cont’d.)
• Convention
▫ “Invent What They Planned in Philadelphia.” –
David Broder
Ken Burns’ Congress
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IveqXQ871tQ
6. Evolution of the Speakership in the
House
Two Great Questions of the Nineteenth Century
▫ Civil Rights and Growth
• Reed Rules
▫ Facilitates majority rule and action.
▫ Combats the “Disappearing Quorum”
• Current Rules
▫ Gingrich’s “Contract with America”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S4qdcdU723Q
▫ Hastert Rule
▫ Pelosi’s “Six in ’06”
http://www.cnn.com/ELECTION/2006/
7. Current Issues in the House
• Debt Limit
▫ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KIbkoop4AY
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• House Republicans Broken Into Factions
▫ http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2013-06-
03/politics/39711961_1_house-republicans-
house-speaker-john-a-boehner
8. Senate Rules
• Constitution v. Convention
• Constitution
▫ Article I, Sec. 3
“The Vice President of the United States shall be
President of the Senate, but shall have no Vote, unless
they be equally divided.”
“The Senate shall chuse their other Officers, and also a
President pro tempore, in the Absence of the Vice
President, or when he shall exercise the Office of
President of the United States.”
• Senate Organization
• http://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/reference/e_on
e_section_no_teasers/org_chart.htm
9. Senate Rules (Cont’d.)
• Convention
▫ The filibuster and the “nuclear option”
http://www.nbcnews.com/id/3036789/ns/msnbc-
morning_joe/vp/52457909#52457909
▫ Recent filibusters
Rand Paul -
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3CEybxccvPk