Introduction to ASP.NET MVC

Introduction to
ASP.NET MVC

Learn More @ http://www.learnnowonline.com
Copyright © by Application Developers Training Company

Objectives


Objectives
• Understand the basics of the Model-View-
Controller pattern


Objectives
Controller pattern
• Explore the differences between ASP.NET Web
forms and MVC applications


Objectives
Controller pattern
• Explore the differences between ASP.NET Web
forms and MVC applications
• Build a sample MVC application and explore its
structure


Agenda


Agenda
• The Model-View-Controller Pattern


Agenda
• Differences Between MVC and Web Forms
Applications


Agenda
• Differences Between MVC and Web Forms
Applications
• Building a Simple MVC Application with Visual
Studio


The Model-View-Controller Pattern


• ASP.NET MVC is a revolutionary way to develop
Web applications


Web applications
 Built on Model-View-Controller pattern


Web applications
 Separation of concerns


Web applications
 Invented in 1978 by Trygve Reenskaug


Web applications
 Invented in 1978 by Trygve Reenskaug
 Very popular in Web development frameworks


The MVC Architecture


• Three primary components


 Model


 Model
 View


 Model
 View
 Controller


 Model
 View
 Controller
• User interaction with application


 Model
 View
 Controller
1. Interacts with Web page


 Model
 View
 Controller
2. Controller handles request


 Model
 View
 Controller
3. Notifies model of changes


 Model
 View
 Controller
4. Controller selects a view


 Model
 View
 Controller
4. Controller selects a view
5. Await new user interaction


Anatomy of a Request


Anatomy of a Request

HTTP Request
Controller Model
HTML Response View

Optional
Persistent
Storage


ASP.NET MVC


ASP.NET MVC
• Microsoft’s newest Web development framework


ASP.NET MVC
 Easy to implement design principles and patterns


ASP.NET MVC
 Integral part of ASP.NET


ASP.NET MVC
• First implementation by Scott Guthrie


ASP.NET MVC
• First implementation by Scott Guthrie
• Built using core ASP.NET features


Differences Between MVC and Web


• ASP.NET Web forms was revolutionary in its day


 Rich infrastructure for Web version of desktop applications


 Abstracts limitations of HTTP


 Uses ViewState as a major feature


 Drag and drop development interface


• Problems with Web forms


 Little control over HTML


 ViewState can bloat


 Limited support for testing


 Limited support for testing
 Complicated page lifecycle


The Tenets of MVC


The Tenets of MVC
• Separation of concerns


The Tenets of MVC
• Convention over configuration


The Tenets of MVC
• Keep it DRY: Don’t Repeat Yourself


The Tenets of MVC
• Keep it DRY: Don’t Repeat Yourself
• Be helpful, but get out of my way


Web Forms vs. MVC Extensibility



• ASP.NET has a provider model



• MVC has a more powerful pluggable model



• Options



• Options
 Use the default component



• Options
 Extend the default component



• Options
 Extend the default component
 Replace the default component


Web Forms vs. MVC
Blending of Concerns


Web Forms vs. MVC
• Web forms almost forces combination of view
and controller


Web Forms vs. MVC
and controller
• False sense of separation from code behind files


Web Forms vs. MVC
and controller
 Reality: close coupling


Web Forms vs. MVC
and controller
• MVC’s separation of concerns encourages good
coding practices


Web Forms vs. MVC
and controller
• MVC’s separation of concerns encourages good
coding practices
 Ideally suited to Web application development


Web Forms vs. MVC
MVC Serves Methods, Not Files


Web Forms vs. MVC
• Huge difference


Web Forms vs. MVC
• Huge difference
• File request:
http://www.example.com/index.aspx?ID=5


Web Forms vs. MVC
• Huge difference
• File request:
• Method request:
http://www.example.com/Home/Details/5


Web Forms vs. MVC
• Huge difference
• File request:
• Method request:
 Maps to Details action method


Web Forms vs. MVC
• Huge difference
• File request:
• Method request:
 Of Home controller


Web Forms vs. MVC
• Huge difference
• File request:
• Method request:
 Of Home controller
 Item ID of 5


Web Forms vs. MVC
Testability


Web Forms vs. MVC
Testability
• Testing helps make applications more robust in
the face of changes


Web Forms vs. MVC
Testability
the face of changes
• Unit test automates verification of a method


Web Forms vs. MVC
Testability
the face of changes
• Can use the test-driven development
methodology


Web Forms vs. MVC
Testability
the face of changes
• Can use the test-driven development
methodology
• Web forms make automated testing almost
impossible


Web Forms vs. MVC
Control over HTML


Web Forms vs. MVC
Control over HTML
• Web forms server controls provide rich
functionality


Web Forms vs. MVC
Control over HTML
functionality
 Produce unreadable, monolithic blocks of HTML


Web Forms vs. MVC
Control over HTML
functionality
 Produce unreadable, monolithic blocks of HTML
• MVC gives you complete control over HTML


Web Forms vs. MVC
Open Source


Web Forms vs. MVC
Open Source
• MVC source code is available


Web Forms vs. MVC
Open Source
• MVC source code is available
• Liberal open source license: Microsoft Public
License


Building a Simple MVC Application


• Building MVC applications can be efficient,
because:


because:
 Web forms often require fragmented code


because:
 MVC’s convention over configuration


because:
 MVC tools in Visual Studio 2008 and 2010


because:
 MVC tools in Visual Studio 2008 and 2010
• Best of all worlds with MVC


MVC Project Templates


• Includes one Visual Studio Project template


 Available for VB and C#


• Includes templates for three project types


 Internet Application template


o Basic but fully functional MVC application


 Intranet Application template


o Same as Internet template, but uses Windows authentication


 Empty template


 Empty template
o Sets up project structure but no controllers or models


 Empty template
o Sets up project structure but no controllers or models
• Use whichever template you like


Upgrading from MVC 2 to 3


• Can install MVC 3 side-by-side with MVC 1 and 2


• When ready, upgrade to MVC 3


• Process is manual


 Change a GUID, copy files, change web.config, etc.


 Better to just create a new project and move stuff?


 Release notes cover the basic steps


 Release notes cover the basic steps
• Microsoft’s Eilon Lipton has an unsupported
migration tool


Learn More!


Learn More!
• This is an excerpt from a larger course. Visit
www.learnnowonline.com for the full details!


Learn More!

• Learn more about MVC on SlideShare:


Learn More!

• Learn more about MVC on SlideShare:
• Working with Controllers and Actions in MVC


Introduction to ASP.NET MVC

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