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Wood-Plastic composites 
Coloring with performance pigments
WooD-PLAStIc 
comPoSItES 
oFFEr NUmEroUS 
ADVANtAgES 
In successful use since the 1990s: Wood-plastic 
composites (WPc) are composite materials made of 
wood fi bers and thermoplastics, and they are used in any 
number of home-and-garden applications. They look like 
wood, can be processed like wood but offer signifi cant 
advantages over the natural material. They are highly 
weather resistant, can be manufactured in virtually any 
shape and generate very low maintenance costs. 
When it comes to coloring WPC, Colortherm® and 
Bayferrox® inorganic pigments from LAnXESS have 
proven to be very effective. Wood colors and earth tones 
can be reproduced so realistically with these pigments that 
the end products are virtually identical in appearance to 
natural wood. 
The eco-friendly properties of wood-plastic composites are 
an advantage that will increasingly infl uence consumer buying 
decisions in the future. 
The most important advantage of wood-plastic composites 
is their easy shaping. Whereas wood needs to be sawn, 
cut to size and coated, the extrusion of WPC produces a 
molded, colored part in a single step, reducing effort and 
costs. At 40 to 80 percent by weight, the content of the 
renewable raw material wood is relatively high, depending 
on the application. 
Versatility is not the only advantage of this fl exible material. 
Its plastic component, generally polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl 
chloride (PVC) or polypropylene (PP), lends the material 
mechanical properties that are superior to those of wood. 
For example, WPC is very dimensionally stable and weather 
resistant, and it can be sawn, sanded, planed and nailed 
just like wood. However, compared to wood, a WPC has the 
2 LANXESS INorgANIc PIgmENtS COLORS FOR WOOD-PLASTIC COMPOSITES
advantage in outdoor applications of not requiring regular 
coating or impregnation and never splintering. 
Be it parts of a roof gable or a complicated conduit 
for antenna cables, the composite material’s potential 
applications are virtually unlimited. Exterior applications 
include patio decking, fences, garden furniture, window 
frames, curtain walls and soundproofi ng elements; interior 
applications include furniture, window sills, doors, skirting 
and stairs. 
Wood fi bers and thermoplastics are combined to fabricate 
WPC patio decking that is highly weather resistant and 
easier to maintain than wood. 
A sustainable material 
As recycled plastic materials and wood byproducts can be 
re-used in the manufacture of WPC materials, they make a 
valuable contribution to conserving resources. 
Inorganic pigments from LANXESS are not classifi ed as 
dangerous substances and are safe for the environment. In 
chemical terms, they are virtually identical to naturally occurring 
iron oxides which are a component of common soil and have a 
neutral impact on the environment. With regard to their color, 
however, they are superior to their natural counterparts because 
of their higher purity and particle morphology. The processes 
developed by LANXESS Inorganic Pigments are environmentally 
friendly, operated according to the strictest safety requirements 
and subject to constant optimization. They ensure consistently 
high quality while at the same time conserving resources. All 
production sites are certifi ed according to DIN ISO 9001 and 
ISO 14001 quality and environmental standards. 
LANXESS INorgANIc PIgmENtS COLORS FOR WOOD-PLASTIC COMPOSITES 3
CUT COSTS 
BY COLORING WITH 
LANXESS PIGMENTS 
Wood-plastic composites primarily contain wood 
flour and, in most cases, thermoplastics. For outdoor 
applications, the wood content is about 50 to 70 
percent, while up to 80 percent can be used for 
indoor applications. Other ingredients include 
bonding agents, heat stabilizers, UV stabilizers, 
lubricants and colorants. 
Compared to organic colorants, inorganic pigments cost less 
while offering the advantages of high temperature stability 
and weather resistance as well as excellent migration resis-tance. 
As UV absorbers, iron oxides protect the plastic against 
degradation from UV radiation, which can significantly reduce 
the use of costly UV protectants. In many cases, the material 
is colored using masterbatches. However, pigments can also 
be added directly, a method associated with significant cost 
advantages in the manufacturing process. 
The Global Competence Center Plastics helps customers 
to obtain the desired color tones by developing formulations 
which include LANXESS pigments. 
4 LANXESS Inorganic Pigments COLORS FOR WOOD-PLASTIC COMPOSITES
LANXESS INorgANIc PIgmENtS COLORS FOR WOOD-PLASTIC COMPOSITES 5 
coLortHErm® – 
cUStom PIgmENtS 
For WPc 
The pigments used for coloring WPC must satisfy a 
number of exacting requirements: Given the short dwell 
times and relatively low shear forces in the processing 
equipment, they must have good dispersibility. The 
pigments must reach their fi nal color strength quickly, 
display high heat stability, no migration, and exhibit 
high color stability and weather resistance in outdoor 
applications. 
With Colortherm®, LANXESS offers a range of products 
developed specifi cally for the plastics industry that meet the 
demands of the WPC industry. 
yellow hydrated iron(III) oxide pigments 
The heat stability of normal iron oxide yellow pigments 
is limited. For this reason, Colortherm® Yellow 10 and the 
hydrophobic version Colortherm® Yellow 20 are stabilized 
by an inorganic coating. Because they are heat stable up 
to 260 °C, they can even be used to color polymers 
processed at high temperatures. 
Orange-colored, stabilized zinc ferrite (Colortherm® yellow 
30) with a heat stability of up to 300 °C. 
Red iron(III) oxide pigments 
Manufactured at LANXESS by the Laux process, for the 
production of red pigments with very high heat stability. 
Black iron(II, III) oxide pigments 
On account of the narrow particle size distribution 
Colortherm® Black 318 and Bayferrox® 360 are 
particularly suited for coloring the WPC matrix. 
Iron oxide brown grades are pigment blends of iron oxide 
red, black and yellow. 
Extremely heat-stable brown and black mixed-phase 
pigments of the (Fe,Mn)2O3 system, marketed under the 
product names Colortherm® Brown 645 T, Colortherm® 
Black 303 T. 
Green chrome oxide pigments, brand name: Colortherm® 
Green. 
Colortherm® pigments are characterized by good 
dispersibility in the WPC matrix. Most products are sold 
in micronized form, meaning with reduced agglomerates. 
All Colortherm® pigments are pre-tested in plastic to meet 
the high demands on the conformity of production. The 
products are described in detail in the brochure „Colortherm® 
Pigments for Plastics.“ 
The quantities of wood fi ber and plastic used 
to manufacture WPC vary depending on the 
application. 
Wood and earth tones can be reproduced very 
realistically with Bayferrox® and Colortherm®.
LANXESS is A 
RELIABLE PARTNER 
LANXESS is a leading specialty chemicals group and 
‚ 
operates in all the world 
s key markets. 
With its extensive portfolio, the company has focused 
on premium products. Its core business comprises the 
development, manufacture and sale of plastics, rubber, 
specialty chemicals and intermediates. In addition, LANXESS 
supports its customers in developing and implementing 
made-to-measure system solutions. 
LANXESS has 17,500 employees worldwide working at 52 
production sites in 31 countries. 
The LANXESS Inorganic Pigments business unit is the 
world’s largest producer of synthetic iron oxide pigments and 
has production sites on five continents that meet the highest 
technical and ecological standards. 
Crucial to the business philosophy of LANXESS 
Inorganic Pigments is its commitment to sustainability 
and responsibility in all its dealings with the environment, 
customers and society. Production processes are 
resource-friendly and, where emissions cannot be avoided 
completely, the waste products are cleaned to minimize their 
environmental impact before being released into the air or water. 
LANXESS is setting global industrial standards in this area. 
However, sustainability means more than just environmen-tal 
protection. It also means being a long-term and reliable 
partner to customers. That is why LANXESS Inorganic 
Pigments continuously invests to expand capacities and 
develop new products. The rising demand for its high quality 
Bayferrox®, Colortherm® and Bayoxide® products can only be 
met in this way in the long term. 
6 LANXESS Inorganic Pigments COLORS FOR WOOD-PLASTIC COMPOSITES
Wood plastic composites - Coloring with performance pigments
LANXESS Deutschland GmbH 
Business Unit Inorganic Pigments 
47812 Krefeld 
Germany 
Tel.: +49 2151 88-3790 
Fax: +49 2151 88-4133 
www.lanxess.com 
www.bayferrox.com 
Health and Safety Information: Appropriate 
literature has been assembled which provides 
information concerning the health and safety 
precautions that must be observed when handling 
the LANXESS products mentioned in this publication. 
For materials mentioned which are not LANXESS 
products, appropriate industrialhygiene and other 
safety precautions recommended by their 
manufacturers should be followed. Before 
working with any of these products, you must 
read and become familiar with the available 
information on their hazards, proper use and hand-ling. 
This cannot be overemphasized. Information is 
available in several forms, e.g. material safety data 
sheets, product information and product labels. 
Consult your LANXESS representative in Germany 
or contact the Regulatory Affairs and Product Safety 
Department of LANXESS Germany. For business 
in the United States, please contact the LANXESS 
Product Safety and Regulatory Affairs Department in 
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. 
Regulatory Compliance Information: Some of the end 
uses of the products described in this publication must 
comply with applicable regulations, such as those of the 
FDA, BfR, NSF, USDA and CPSC. If you have any questions 
on the regulatory status of these products, please consult 
your LANXESS representative in Germany, or contact 
the Regulatory Affairs and Product Safety Department of 
LANXESS Germany or – for business in the USA – your 
LANXESS Corporation representative, the LANXESS 
Regulatory Affairs Manager in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. 
The manner in which you use and the purpose to which 
you put and utilize our products, technical assistance and 
information (whether verbal, written or by way of produc-tion 
evaluations), including any suggested formulations 
and recommendations, are beyond our control. The same 
applies to suggested formulations and recommenda-tions. 
Therefore, it is imperative that you test our products, 
technical assistance and information to determine to 
your own satisfaction whether they are suitable for your 
intended uses and applications. This application-spe-cific 
analysis must at least include testing to determine 
suitability from a technical as well as a health, safety 
and environmental standpoint. Such testing has not 
necessarily been done by us. Unless we otherwise agree 
in writing, all products are sold strictly pursuant to the 
terms of our General Conditions of Sale and Delivery. 
All information and technical assistance is given without 
guarantee and is subject to change without notice. It is 
expressly understood and agreed that you assume and 
hereby expressly release us from all liability, in tort, contract 
or otherwise, incurred in connection with the use of our 
products, technical assistance and information. 
Any statement or recommendation not contained in this 
brochure is unauthorized and shall not bind us. Nothing 
herein shall be construed as a recommendation to use 
any product in conflict with industrial property rights such 
as patents covering any material or its use. No license is 
implied or in fact granted under the claims of industrial 
property rights such as patents. Edition 09/2013 
Bayferrox® is a registered trademark of Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Germany. 
Colortherm® is a registered trademark of the LANXESS Group.

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Wood plastic composites - Coloring with performance pigments

  • 1. grEEN coLorINg ENErgIZED BY Wood-Plastic composites Coloring with performance pigments
  • 2. WooD-PLAStIc comPoSItES oFFEr NUmEroUS ADVANtAgES In successful use since the 1990s: Wood-plastic composites (WPc) are composite materials made of wood fi bers and thermoplastics, and they are used in any number of home-and-garden applications. They look like wood, can be processed like wood but offer signifi cant advantages over the natural material. They are highly weather resistant, can be manufactured in virtually any shape and generate very low maintenance costs. When it comes to coloring WPC, Colortherm® and Bayferrox® inorganic pigments from LAnXESS have proven to be very effective. Wood colors and earth tones can be reproduced so realistically with these pigments that the end products are virtually identical in appearance to natural wood. The eco-friendly properties of wood-plastic composites are an advantage that will increasingly infl uence consumer buying decisions in the future. The most important advantage of wood-plastic composites is their easy shaping. Whereas wood needs to be sawn, cut to size and coated, the extrusion of WPC produces a molded, colored part in a single step, reducing effort and costs. At 40 to 80 percent by weight, the content of the renewable raw material wood is relatively high, depending on the application. Versatility is not the only advantage of this fl exible material. Its plastic component, generally polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or polypropylene (PP), lends the material mechanical properties that are superior to those of wood. For example, WPC is very dimensionally stable and weather resistant, and it can be sawn, sanded, planed and nailed just like wood. However, compared to wood, a WPC has the 2 LANXESS INorgANIc PIgmENtS COLORS FOR WOOD-PLASTIC COMPOSITES
  • 3. advantage in outdoor applications of not requiring regular coating or impregnation and never splintering. Be it parts of a roof gable or a complicated conduit for antenna cables, the composite material’s potential applications are virtually unlimited. Exterior applications include patio decking, fences, garden furniture, window frames, curtain walls and soundproofi ng elements; interior applications include furniture, window sills, doors, skirting and stairs. Wood fi bers and thermoplastics are combined to fabricate WPC patio decking that is highly weather resistant and easier to maintain than wood. A sustainable material As recycled plastic materials and wood byproducts can be re-used in the manufacture of WPC materials, they make a valuable contribution to conserving resources. Inorganic pigments from LANXESS are not classifi ed as dangerous substances and are safe for the environment. In chemical terms, they are virtually identical to naturally occurring iron oxides which are a component of common soil and have a neutral impact on the environment. With regard to their color, however, they are superior to their natural counterparts because of their higher purity and particle morphology. The processes developed by LANXESS Inorganic Pigments are environmentally friendly, operated according to the strictest safety requirements and subject to constant optimization. They ensure consistently high quality while at the same time conserving resources. All production sites are certifi ed according to DIN ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 quality and environmental standards. LANXESS INorgANIc PIgmENtS COLORS FOR WOOD-PLASTIC COMPOSITES 3
  • 4. CUT COSTS BY COLORING WITH LANXESS PIGMENTS Wood-plastic composites primarily contain wood flour and, in most cases, thermoplastics. For outdoor applications, the wood content is about 50 to 70 percent, while up to 80 percent can be used for indoor applications. Other ingredients include bonding agents, heat stabilizers, UV stabilizers, lubricants and colorants. Compared to organic colorants, inorganic pigments cost less while offering the advantages of high temperature stability and weather resistance as well as excellent migration resis-tance. As UV absorbers, iron oxides protect the plastic against degradation from UV radiation, which can significantly reduce the use of costly UV protectants. In many cases, the material is colored using masterbatches. However, pigments can also be added directly, a method associated with significant cost advantages in the manufacturing process. The Global Competence Center Plastics helps customers to obtain the desired color tones by developing formulations which include LANXESS pigments. 4 LANXESS Inorganic Pigments COLORS FOR WOOD-PLASTIC COMPOSITES
  • 5. LANXESS INorgANIc PIgmENtS COLORS FOR WOOD-PLASTIC COMPOSITES 5 coLortHErm® – cUStom PIgmENtS For WPc The pigments used for coloring WPC must satisfy a number of exacting requirements: Given the short dwell times and relatively low shear forces in the processing equipment, they must have good dispersibility. The pigments must reach their fi nal color strength quickly, display high heat stability, no migration, and exhibit high color stability and weather resistance in outdoor applications. With Colortherm®, LANXESS offers a range of products developed specifi cally for the plastics industry that meet the demands of the WPC industry. yellow hydrated iron(III) oxide pigments The heat stability of normal iron oxide yellow pigments is limited. For this reason, Colortherm® Yellow 10 and the hydrophobic version Colortherm® Yellow 20 are stabilized by an inorganic coating. Because they are heat stable up to 260 °C, they can even be used to color polymers processed at high temperatures. Orange-colored, stabilized zinc ferrite (Colortherm® yellow 30) with a heat stability of up to 300 °C. Red iron(III) oxide pigments Manufactured at LANXESS by the Laux process, for the production of red pigments with very high heat stability. Black iron(II, III) oxide pigments On account of the narrow particle size distribution Colortherm® Black 318 and Bayferrox® 360 are particularly suited for coloring the WPC matrix. Iron oxide brown grades are pigment blends of iron oxide red, black and yellow. Extremely heat-stable brown and black mixed-phase pigments of the (Fe,Mn)2O3 system, marketed under the product names Colortherm® Brown 645 T, Colortherm® Black 303 T. Green chrome oxide pigments, brand name: Colortherm® Green. Colortherm® pigments are characterized by good dispersibility in the WPC matrix. Most products are sold in micronized form, meaning with reduced agglomerates. All Colortherm® pigments are pre-tested in plastic to meet the high demands on the conformity of production. The products are described in detail in the brochure „Colortherm® Pigments for Plastics.“ The quantities of wood fi ber and plastic used to manufacture WPC vary depending on the application. Wood and earth tones can be reproduced very realistically with Bayferrox® and Colortherm®.
  • 6. LANXESS is A RELIABLE PARTNER LANXESS is a leading specialty chemicals group and ‚ operates in all the world s key markets. With its extensive portfolio, the company has focused on premium products. Its core business comprises the development, manufacture and sale of plastics, rubber, specialty chemicals and intermediates. In addition, LANXESS supports its customers in developing and implementing made-to-measure system solutions. LANXESS has 17,500 employees worldwide working at 52 production sites in 31 countries. The LANXESS Inorganic Pigments business unit is the world’s largest producer of synthetic iron oxide pigments and has production sites on five continents that meet the highest technical and ecological standards. Crucial to the business philosophy of LANXESS Inorganic Pigments is its commitment to sustainability and responsibility in all its dealings with the environment, customers and society. Production processes are resource-friendly and, where emissions cannot be avoided completely, the waste products are cleaned to minimize their environmental impact before being released into the air or water. LANXESS is setting global industrial standards in this area. However, sustainability means more than just environmen-tal protection. It also means being a long-term and reliable partner to customers. That is why LANXESS Inorganic Pigments continuously invests to expand capacities and develop new products. The rising demand for its high quality Bayferrox®, Colortherm® and Bayoxide® products can only be met in this way in the long term. 6 LANXESS Inorganic Pigments COLORS FOR WOOD-PLASTIC COMPOSITES
  • 8. LANXESS Deutschland GmbH Business Unit Inorganic Pigments 47812 Krefeld Germany Tel.: +49 2151 88-3790 Fax: +49 2151 88-4133 www.lanxess.com www.bayferrox.com Health and Safety Information: Appropriate literature has been assembled which provides information concerning the health and safety precautions that must be observed when handling the LANXESS products mentioned in this publication. For materials mentioned which are not LANXESS products, appropriate industrialhygiene and other safety precautions recommended by their manufacturers should be followed. Before working with any of these products, you must read and become familiar with the available information on their hazards, proper use and hand-ling. This cannot be overemphasized. Information is available in several forms, e.g. material safety data sheets, product information and product labels. Consult your LANXESS representative in Germany or contact the Regulatory Affairs and Product Safety Department of LANXESS Germany. For business in the United States, please contact the LANXESS Product Safety and Regulatory Affairs Department in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Regulatory Compliance Information: Some of the end uses of the products described in this publication must comply with applicable regulations, such as those of the FDA, BfR, NSF, USDA and CPSC. If you have any questions on the regulatory status of these products, please consult your LANXESS representative in Germany, or contact the Regulatory Affairs and Product Safety Department of LANXESS Germany or – for business in the USA – your LANXESS Corporation representative, the LANXESS Regulatory Affairs Manager in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The manner in which you use and the purpose to which you put and utilize our products, technical assistance and information (whether verbal, written or by way of produc-tion evaluations), including any suggested formulations and recommendations, are beyond our control. The same applies to suggested formulations and recommenda-tions. Therefore, it is imperative that you test our products, technical assistance and information to determine to your own satisfaction whether they are suitable for your intended uses and applications. This application-spe-cific analysis must at least include testing to determine suitability from a technical as well as a health, safety and environmental standpoint. Such testing has not necessarily been done by us. Unless we otherwise agree in writing, all products are sold strictly pursuant to the terms of our General Conditions of Sale and Delivery. All information and technical assistance is given without guarantee and is subject to change without notice. It is expressly understood and agreed that you assume and hereby expressly release us from all liability, in tort, contract or otherwise, incurred in connection with the use of our products, technical assistance and information. Any statement or recommendation not contained in this brochure is unauthorized and shall not bind us. Nothing herein shall be construed as a recommendation to use any product in conflict with industrial property rights such as patents covering any material or its use. No license is implied or in fact granted under the claims of industrial property rights such as patents. Edition 09/2013 Bayferrox® is a registered trademark of Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Germany. Colortherm® is a registered trademark of the LANXESS Group.