1. Open(ing up) Education
in 5 components & the pan-European
OpenupEd MOOCs initiative
Fred Mulder
UNESCO Chair in OER at OUNL
(former Rector OUNL 2000 – 2010)
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LINQ 2013
16-17 May 2013
Rome, Italy

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Open ………?
Open Education
 Open Learning (1971 OU-UK; other OUs)
 Open CourseWare (2001: MIT)
 Open Educational Resources (2002: UNESCO)
 Open Education (2008: Cape Town Declaration)
 Massive Open Online Courses (2011: xMOOCs / 2008:
cMOOCs)
Opening up Education (2012: EU)
> Terminology Jungle <
> Need for Clarification <
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3. Page 3
Open Education in Wikipedia
“Open education is a collective term that refers to
educational organizations that seek to eliminate barriers
to entry. Such institutions, for example, would not have
academic admission requirements. Such universities
include Open University in Britain and Athabasca
University in Canada. Such programs are commonly
distance learning programs like e-learning, mooc and
opencourseware, but not necessarily.”
> Restricted view <
> Unclear <
> Confusing <
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Open Educational Resources …
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“… are teaching, learning, and research resources
that reside in the public domain or have been released
under an intellectual property license that permits
their free use and re-purposing by others.
Open educational resources include full courses,
course materials, modules, textbooks, streaming videos,
tests, software, and any other tools, materials,
or techniques used to support access to knowledge.”
(Hewlett Foundation)

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5
OER is NOT
Open Education
more components
are required …

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Open Education (Supply)
Open
Education
OER
OLS OTE
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Open Learning Services (OLS)
Complementary to OER, free or to be paid,
and including a variety of
online and virtual facilities for:
tutoring, advice, meetings, communities,
teamwork, presentations, testing,
examination, consulting sources,
internet navigation, etcetera …
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Open Teaching Efforts (OTE)
Complementary to OER and OLS, to be paid for,
referring to the human contribution
to the education provided,
the efforts of teachers, instructors, trainers,
developers, and support staff
in their various roles,
in a professional, open, and flexible
learning environment and culture.
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Open Education is NOT
Supply side only
should also include
Demand side …

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Open Education (plus Demand)
Open
Education
OER
OLS OTE
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OLN OEC
Open to
Employability &
Capabilities
development
Open to
Learners’
Needs
Open
Learning
Services
Open
Teaching
Efforts

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Open to Learners’ Needs (OLN)
Learners expect affordable, ‘do-able’,
good quality, interesting, beneficial education,
but also the „classical‟ openness (OUs):
freedom of time / pace / place,
open entry, open programming,
and provisions for lifelong learning,
credentialing, smooth switching between
formal and informal learning,
etcetera …
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Open to Employability &
Capabilities development (OEC)
„Society‟ expects education to suit
the changing society and labour market,
the decisive role of knowledge and innovation,
and the influence of globalization,
but also to offer scope for new skills,
critical thinking, ethics, creativity,
personal growth, and citizenship.
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5COE
Model
> does justice to diversity <
> to be used for mapping <

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‘Fingerprint’ in 5COE model
OER
OLS
OTE
OLN
OEC
14
0% 100%
Example nr. 1
Institutional profile
(fully converted to OER)
in Open(ing up) Education

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‘Fingerprint’ in 5COE model
OER
OLS
OTE
OLN
OEC
14
0% 100%
Example nr. 2
Institutional profile
(more traditional, but …)
in Open(ing up) Education

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‘Fingerprint’ in 5COE model
OER
OLS
OTE
OLN
OEC
14
0% 100%
Example nr. 3
Institutional profile
(more traditional, but …)
in Open(ing up) Education
in the FUTURE …

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‘Fingerprint’ in 5COE model
OER
OLS
OTE
OLN
OEC
14
0% 100%
Example nr. 4
Typical xMOOC
as positioned
in Open(ing up) Education

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‘Fingerprint’ in 5COE model
OER
OLS
OTE
OLN
OEC
14
0% 100%
Example nr. 5
Typical cMOOC
as positioned
in Open(ing up) Education

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‘Fingerprint’ in 5COE model
OER
OLS
OTE
OLN
OEC
14
0% 100%
Not recommended
to have all sliders
extreme left or
extreme right

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‘Fingerprint’ in 5COE model
OER
OLS
OTE
OLN
OEC
But 100% OER would be
proper in all cases regardless of:
> institutional identity
> learning philosophy
> educational sector
> political context
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0% 100%

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Opening up Education (OuE)
seems a subtle change but is pretty relevant …
OuE underlines the dynamics and the process
(there is no fixed model for education over time)
OuE can adequately accommodate diversity
(there is no single ideal model for education)
brings in nuance and offers an umbrella for:
> Open Educationalists, MOOCers, and other devotees <
> Elite Universities, Open Universities, and the wider variety <
> Educational Institutes from primary through university level <
> Learners with their diversity in needs and circumstances <
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European Union …
with „Opening up Education‟ is preparing
JIT for a breakthrough move
is in an effective position with its tools:
policy guidance, EU regulation, EU funding schemes, exchange
of good practices, innovative pilots, …
can inspire, mobilize, facilitate, and support EU countries and
educational institutes in their OuE endeavours
can harmonize, create synergies, underline diversity (when
appropriate) among EU countries and educational institutes
can add value in the global educational market
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EU: „Opening up Education‟
Perspective of OuE?
Successor of the remarkably successful „Bologna‟ for HE,
an innovation where top-down and bottom-up merged,
with a shared feeling of momentum and a clear goal:
contribute to mobility, quality, and harmonization
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
„Opening up Education‟, significant for all educational sectors,
an innovation where top-down and bottom-up are merging,
with an upcoming feeling of momentum and a clear goal:
contribute to accessibility, quality, efficiency, and innovation
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EU: „Opening up Education‟
To be launched after Summer 2013
Fully exploit the potential of OER and ICT …
… for futureproof Education, Skills, and Jobs
------------------------------------------
> Learning & Teaching >
> Content <
> Infrastructures <
------------------------------------------
Substantial budget for 2014-2020
(Part of Erasmus for All, Horizon 2020)
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Going pan-European …
with OpenupEd MOOCs
MOOCs: predominantly US
where it all started as of 2011
and … expanded massively (Coursera, Udacity, edX)
some EU universities have joint US initiatives
national launches in UK and Australia
TIME for a European initiative!
nice umbrella: the EC launch ‘Opening up Education’
that’s why OpenupEd is our name
first pan-European MOOCs initiative
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OpenupEd MOOCs
Launched April 25
Joint press release EADTU & European Commission
European values: Equity, Quality, and Diversity
> Learner at the Centre <
> High-quality Learning Materials <
> Self-study Model <
> Diversity in Language and in Culture <
In Tradition of acclaimed Open Universities model:
EADTU initiative (thought about the term MOUCs)
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OpenupEd partnership
From the EU:
France, Italy, Lithuania, the Netherlands,
Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, the UK
Outside the EU, from:
Russia, Turkey, Israel
Planning to join, from:
Cyprus, Denmark, Estonia, France,
Greece, Poland (2x), Slovenia, Spain
Open to other potential partners
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OpenupEd courses
Around 60 at the start
Wide variety in subjects and level
12 Languages
Scheduled or self-paced
20 to 200 hours of study
Recognition options
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OpenupEd common features
Openness to learners
Digital openness
Learner-centred approach
Independent learning
Media-supported interaction
Recognition options
Quality focus
Spectrum of diversity
Not meant to be a strict order
but rather to give general guidance
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OpenupEd, a decentralized model
Institutions themselves are leading
OpenupEd central communication portal,
a referatory to the institutional platforms
Public affair, no venture capital involved
-------------------------------
This is just a start
of an exciting expedition!
www.openuped.eu
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31. SOURCES
Fred Mulder & Ben Janssen, Opening up Education.
Fred Mulder & Hester Jelgerhuis, An International Perspective
on OER: the Influence of IGOs on the OER Movement.
In: TREND REPORT: Open Educational Resources 2013.
SURF SIG OER, Utrecht (NL).
http://www.surf.nl/trendreportOER2013
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THANK YOU!
fred.mulder@ou.nl