1. Functions
FUNCTION OVERLOADING
2. PASSING DEFAULT ARGUMENTS
3. INLINE FUNCTION
1.
Compiled By: Kamal Acharya

2. Function Overloading
 When the function with the same name perform the
multiple task it is called as the function overloading.
 Example: If the function add() can add not only the
integers but also the floats and strings it is
overloaded.
 The functions differ in one of the following things



Number of parameters
Data types of parameters
Order of appearance
Compiled By: Kamal Acharya

3. Number Of Arguments
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void print(char);
void print(char, int);
int main()
{
clrscr();
print('X');
print('Z',12);
getch();
return 0;
}
Compiled By: Kamal Acharya
void print(char a)
{
cout<<"In the Single argument
function"<<endl;
cout<<a<<endl;
}
void print(char a, int b)
{
int i;
cout<<"In the double argument
function"<<endl;
for(i=0;i<b;i++)
{
cout<<a<<"t";
}
}

4. Data Types of Parameters
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void add(int , int);
void add(float, float);
int main()
{
clrscr();
add(2,6);
add(12.6,1.2);
getch();
return 0;
}
Compiled By: Kamal Acharya
void add(int a, int b)
{
cout<<"In the integer addition
function"<<endl;
cout<<a+b<<endl;
}
void add(float a, float b)
{
cout<<"In the float addition
function"<<endl;
cout<<a+b<<endl;
}

5. Oreder Of Appearance
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void fun(int , char);
void fun(char, int);
int main()
{
clrscr();
fun(2,'A');
fun('B',1);
getch();
return 0;
}
Compiled By: Kamal Acharya
void fun(int a, char b)
{
cout<<"In the function with first
argument integer and the second
character"<<endl;
cout<<"The first argument is"<<
a<<".The second argument is "<<
b<<endl;
}
void fun(char a, int b)
{
cout<<"In the function with first
argument character and the second
integer"<<endl;
cout<<"The first argument is"<<
a<<".The second argument is "<<
b<<endl;
}

6. Passing Default Arguments
•
Allows programmer to define a default
behavior
 A value for a parameter can be
implicitly passed
 Reduces need for similar functions
that differ only in the number of
parameters accepted
Compiled By: Kamal Acharya

7.  Default parameters must appear after any
mandatory parameters
 Bad example
void Trouble(int x = 5, double z, double y) {
...
}
Cannot come before
mandatory parameters
Compiled By: Kamal Acharya

8. Consider
void PrintChar(char c = '=', int n = 80)
{
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
cout << c;
}
 What happens in the following invocations?
PrintChar('*', 20);
PrintChar('-');
PrintChar();
Compiled By: Kamal Acharya

9. Program to Illustrate Default Arguments
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void print(int a= 10 , char b='B');
int main()
{
clrscr();
print();
print(2);
print(1,'Z');
getch();
return 0;
}
Compiled By: Kamal Acharya
void print(int a, char b)
{
int i;
for(i=0;i<a;i++)
{
cout<<b<<"t";
}
}

10. Inline Function
 Reduce function call overhead—especially for small
functions.
 Qualifier inline before a function’s return type in the
function definition
 “Advises” the compiler to generate a copy of the
function’s code in place (when appropriate) to avoid
a function call.
Compiled By: Kamal Acharya

11.  Multiple copies of the function code are inserted in
the program (often making the program larger).
 The compiler can ignore the inline qualifier and
typically does so for all but the smallest functions.
Compiled By: Kamal Acharya

12. Syntax of Inline Function
inline returnType functionName(arguments);
Example:
inline int add(int a, int b);
Compiled By: Kamal Acharya

13. Program to Illustrate inline Function
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
inline float mul(float x, float y)
{
return(x*y);
}
inline double div(double p, double
q)
{
return(p/q);
}
Compiled By: Kamal Acharya
int main()
{
clrscr();
float a=12.12;
float b=2.2;
cout<<mul(a,b)<<"n";
cout<<div(a,b)<<"n";
getch();
return 0;
}