1. International workshop
Improving Cycling Culture in Cities
February 26th-27th, 2010
Tczew - POLAND
Electric bicycles
KNOWLEDGE SHARING
INTRODUCTION
THE MARKET
THE PRODUCTS
THE EXPECTATIONS
Bremen Tczew
EDDIE ECCLESTON
Venice
Grenoble Zagreb
Presto is supported by

2. BACKGROUND
• FORMER CYCLE SHOP OWNER
• FORMER M.D. OF PEUGEOT CYCLES UK
• FORMER M.D. OF TWO MANUFACTURES IN THE UK
• PAST PRESIDENT OF THE BICYCLE ASSOCIATION OF UK
• PAST PRESIDENT (a.i.) OF COLIBI
• CURRENT CEO OF A CYCLE FACTORY IN TUNISIA
• BOARD MEMBER OF LEVA
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

3. THE PRODUCTS
RULES OF COMPLIENCE
FOR NON
“TYPE APPROVED”
EPAC
ELECTRIC POWER ASSITED CYCLES
Electric bikes
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

4. THE REGULATIONS
• THE POWER OUTPUT MUST BE NO MORE
THAN 250 WATTS
• THE MOTOR CAN ONLY ASSIST THE CYCLIST
AS HE PEDALS, NO “TWIST AND GO”
• THE MOTOR MUST CUT OUT AT 25kmh
• THIS PRODUCT WILL NOT REQUIRE
TYPE-APPROVAL
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

5. PRODUCTS
The display
The Electric Motor
The Driver or Brain
1 or 2 Batteries
Torque Sensor
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

6. SENSORS
2 Display
6 4 45
Power Frontwheel
Output Driver Battery
Motor
Electric pulse
3
Power swithch
Torque sensor 1
Pressure on pedal
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

7. THE MARKET
• THERE ARE FEW STATISICS FOR ELECTRIC POWERED
BIKES
• IN 2009 THE SIZE WAS GUESSTIMATED AT 750K
• ESTIMATES FOR 2010 IS: ONE MILLION
• ONE THING TO NOTE IS THAT THE MARKET IS
INCREASING AND IS EXPECTED TO CONTINUE TO
INCREASE
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

8. THE PERCEPTION
ELDERLY PEOPLE
PHYSICALLY IMPAIRED
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

9. THE REALITY
IN A SURVEY TAKEN IN BELGIUM
THE MOST TYPICAL PEDELEC USERS WERE
COMMUTERS 61.4%
ELDERLY 32.5%
PHYSICALLY IMPAIRED 10.7%
SEE GUIDE FOR FULLER DETAILS
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

10. OPPORTUNITIES
REASONS FOR USING AN EPAC INTERESTED IN USING AN EPAC
CYCLING MAY BECOME TOO DIFFICULT 65%
TO MAKE CYCLING AGAINST A HEAD WIND EASIER 36%
TO BE ABLE TO CYCLE GREATER DISTANCES 33%
EASIER TO CLIMB HILLS 19%
AN ALTERNATIVE ENVIROMENTAL MEANS OF TRANSPORT 20%
SEE POLICY GUIDE FOR FULLER DETAILS
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

11. OPPORTUNITIES
2008 IN THE SWISS TOWN OF BASEL
• -INCREASING SHARE OF FEMALE BUYERS
• CHANGES IN THE AVERAGE AGE
• CHANGES IN THE LEVEL OF EMPLOYMENT
• CHANGES IN THE LEVEL OF EDUCATION & INCOME
IN 2003, 98% OF THE BUYERS HAD A CAR DRIVER’S LICENSE,
IN 2008 THAT WAS 82%
CONCLUSION: THE DEMOGRAPHIC MIX OF EPAC BUYERS IS BROADENING
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

12. OPPORTUNITIES
USER GROUPS
CAR DRIVERS:
OVER 50% OF ALL CAR TRIPS ARE
LESS THAN 6 KM
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

13. OPPORTUNITIES
PARENTS AND SHOPPERS
THE EXTRA BURDEN OF CARRYING
CHILDREN CAN BE REDUCED
PARKING ISSUES ARE REDUCED FOR
SHOPPERS
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

14. OPPORTUNITIES
PROFESSIONAL GROUPS
DOCTORS - POLICE - REAL ESTATE AGENTS
HOME DELIVERIES
POSTMEN- BUTCHERS- GROCERS
PIZZA BOYS- FISH MONGERS + + +
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

15. OPPORTUNITIES
THE ELDERLY
OFFICAL STATISTICS SHOW THAT IN EUROPE
84.6 MILLION PEOPLE ARE OVER 65
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

16. OPPORTUNITIES
HEALTH ASSISTANCE
CARDIO VASICULAR
DIABETES TYPE 2
HYPERTENSION
…
SECONDARY BENIFITS:
MOBILITY
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

17. OPPORTUNITIES
TOURISM
CYCLING ON THE TURBACZ ETC
OR
DISCOVERING CITIES BY BIKE
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

18. SUMMARY
CHECK THE GUIDE
SEE THE POTENTIAL
DECIDE IF IT IS FOR YOU
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

19. THE PRODUCTS
WHAT TO LOOK FOR WHEN CHOOSING
AN EPAC AND WHY?
• FRAME
• FORKS
• RIMS
• WIRING
• SENSOR POSITION
• ACCESS TO SERVICE ITEMS
• BATTERIES
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

20. THE PRODUCTS
BATTERIES
•Li-ion
•Ni-MH
•Ni-CAD
•LEAD ACID
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

21. BATTERIES
LI-ION BATTERY
(LITHIUM-ION)
•600 CHARGES
•MUCH LIGHTER
•NO MEMORY EFFECT
•NOT SO SENSITIVE TO TEMPERATURE
•SOME CHARGING ISSUES
•MORE EXPENSIVE
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

22. BATTERIES
Li-ion
SPECIAL NOTE 1
THIS TYPE INITIALLY MUST BE CHARGED TO
THE FULL THEN DISCHARGED TO COMPLETELY
EMPTY THREE TIMES.
THIS WILL REGISTER TO THE BATTERRY WHAT
IS FULL AND WHAT IS EMPTY.
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

23. BATTERIES
Li-ion
SPECIAL NOTE 2
THIS TYPE OF BATTERY WILL LOSE ABOUT 20%
PER YEAR.
THEREFORE THE LIFE EXPECTANCY IS FIVE
YEARS.
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

24. BATTERIES
Ni-MH Battery:
NICKLE METALHYDRID
20 cells x 1,2v = 24 Volt.
P = 24V x 11 Ah =250 Watt.
500 CHARGES
NOT AS EXPENSIVE AS LI-ION
HAS A MEMORY EFFECT
THIS BATTERY TYPE IS NOT
GOOD FOR POLAND DUE TO
TEMPERATURE RESTRICTIONS
HOT AND COLD.
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles
.

25. BATTERIES
Lithium-ion LG Lithium-ion Sanyo NI-MH Sanyo NI-MH Sanyo
Voltage ( V ) 27,2 V 27,2 V 24.0 V 24.0 V
Amperage ( A ) 10.0 A 9.0 A 9.0 A 8.0 A
Wattage ( W ) (W=V x A) 272W (=27,2Vx10A) 244W(=27.2Vx9A) 216W (=24Vx9A) 192W(=24Vx8A)
Weight 2.6 kg 4.3 kg 4.0 kg
2.6 kg
Charges 600 600 500 500
NO NO YES YES
Memory effect
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

26. BATTERIES
Ni-CD Battery:
NICKLE CADMIUM
• POISON INSIDE
• HAS A MEMORY EFFECT
LEAD ACID Battery:
• VERY HEAVY
• SHORT LIFE SPAN
• GOOD INDICATOR OF A LOW
QUALITY BIKE
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

27. BATTERIES
Typical effect
of temperature on the
efficiency of the 100km
battery
37km
25km
25°C 0°C -15°C
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

28. BATTERIES
UN REGULATIONS
TRANSPORTATION OF BATTERIES
DO NOT POST BATTERIES
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

29. THE SENSOR
THE SENSOR
SENDS A SINGNAL TO THE BRAIN OR THE DRIVER
FITTED TO THE BIKE
THE SINGNAL INFORMS THE DRIVER TO USE
POWER
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

30. THE SENSOR
THE BASIC SENSOR
THIS SYSTEM IS VERY LOW COST
BUT HAS A GREAT DEAL OF
LIMITATIONS
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

31. THE SENSOR
THE TORQUE SENSOR: 2 EXAMPLES
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

32. THE SENSOR
AS PRESSURE IS
APPLIED
THE GAP IN THE
TWO CONTACTS
CHANGES.
THIS VARIABLE
IMPULSE
INDICATES
TOTHE DRIVER
THE POWER
REQUIRED
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

33. THE SENSOR
AXLE MOUNTED SENSOR
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

34. THE SENSOR
AXLE MOUNTED SENSOR
WORKS BY STRESS APPLICATION
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

35. THE SENSOR
HALL SENSOR
SPRING
On-site training: Tczew FIXED POINT CHANGES
Electric bicycles

36. THE SENSOR
HALL SENSOR
MAGNET
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

37. THE SENSOR
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

38. THE SENSOR
THE BASIC SENSOR
THE MOTOR IS ALWAYS PROVIDING FULL POWER
RESULTS IN:
•SHORTER MAXIMUM JOURNEYS BEFORE RECHARGE
•FAST ACCELERATION THAT MAY NOT BE REQUIRED
•REQUIRES A CUT-OFF SYSTEM FOR BRAKING
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

39. MOTORS
THE MOTOR
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

40. MOTORS
A MOTOR USING BRUSHES
LOTS OF NOISE
PARTS THAT WEAR OUT
REQUIRES ADDITIONAL WIRING
WEIGHT 2.3kg
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

41. MOTORS
THE WORKINGS OF SOME
ELECTRIC MOTORS
Planeetwiel drager met
planetaire tandwielen.
LOTS OF MOVING PARTS

42. MOTORS
THE BRUSHLESS MOTOR
SENSOR
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

43. MOTORS
THE BRUSHLESS MOTOR
LIGHTER
LESS MOVING PARTS
LONGER LIFE
MUCH QUIETER
MORE INFORMATION GATHERED
MORE INTELLIGENT
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

44. MOTORS
ON CERTAIN MODELS SUCH AS
BATAVUS, KOGA-MIYATA, SPARTA AND HERCULES
THE PRINCIPLE IS THAT THE WHEEL IS THE
MOVING PART
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

45. MOTORS
BATAVUS,KOGA MIATA,SPARTA AND
HERCULES
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

46. MOTORS
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

47. TECHNICAL
SPECIALIST TOOLS
REQUIRED
MULTIMETER
VOLTS
• Spanningsmeting
• Weerstandsmeting
AMPS
• Diode test OHM
• Stroommeting
WATT
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

48. THE MULTIMETER
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

49. EXPECTATIONS
PRE-DELIVERY INSPECTIONS
SERVICE REQUIREMENTS
CUSTOMER MAINTENANCE
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

50. EXPECTATIONS
PRE DELIVERY INSPECTIONS
NON STD BIKE PARTS
SENSOR SETTINGS
GREASE (SPECIALTY) ON CERTAIN PARTS
REAR WHEEL NUTS ON SOME CYCLES
TO BETWEEN 25TO 28 NM
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

51. EXPECTATIONS
SERVICE REQUIREMENTS
INTERVALS
AT THE MANUFACTURERS INSTRUCTIONS
OR
EVERY 1000 K
OR
EVERY SIX MONTHS
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

52. THE END USER INSTRUCTIONS
STORAGE FOR LONG PERIODS
DEPENDING ON THE BATTERY
THE BATTERY MAY HAVE TO BE LEFT ON CHARGE
On-site training: Tczew
Electric bicycles

53. International workshop
Improving Cycling Culture in Cities
February 26th-27th, 2010
Tczew - POLAND
? Bremen Tczew
ANY Grenoble
Venice
Zagreb
QUESTIONS?
Promoting Cycling for Everyone as a Daily Transport Mode is supported by

54. International workshop
Improving Cycling Culture in Cities
February 26th-27th, 2010
Tczew - POLAND
Thank you for your attention!
More information on:
www.presto-cycling.eu
Bremen Tczew
Contanct:
e_eccleston@yahoo.com Venice
Grenoble Zagreb
Promoting Cycling for Everyone as a Daily Transport Mode is supported by