2. Enzymes Enzymes are special proteinsthat help control chemical reactionsby acting as catalysts. Catalysts can speed up some reactions by more than a billion fold.
3. 3. How they work Enzymes work by a physical fit (Lock and Key) between the enzyme and the substrate. When connected the enzyme lowers the activation energy needed for the chemical reaction.
7. 5. Inhibition Certain substances can inhibit enzyme function. Competitive inhibitors: Get in the wayâŚthey âfitâ into the active site.
8. 5. Inhibition c. Noncompetitive (Allosteric) inhibitors: Change the shape of the enzyme so the substrate(s) no longer fit. ď Substrate ď Enzyme NC Inhibitor Enzyme
11. 6. Environmental Factors Environmental Factors can affect enzymes activity. Temperature pH Salt More⌠Really coldâŚslows down enzymes Too hot, too salty, pHâŚDENATURE (unfold, change shape) Denatured protein
12. Questions??? Quick review: What type of macromolecule are enzymes? What is the âlock-and-keyâ model mean? How do enzymes speed up chemical reactions? What are the two types of competitors? How do they work? What factors can affect enzyme activity?
