3. Hesychius of Alexandria’s list of the Meaning of Metis Intelligence Plan, Counsel, Council Art, Skill, Craft in Work, Cunning of Hand Thought, Judgment Trick The goddess Metis Profit
5. So saying she bound on her glittering golden sandals, imperishable, with which she can fly like the wind over land or sea; she grasped the redoubtable bronze-shod spear, so stout and sturdy and strong, wherewith she quells the ranks of heroes who have displeased her, and down she darted from the topmost summits of Olympus, whereon forthwith she was in Ithaca, at the gateway of Ulysses' house, disguised as a visitor, Mentes, chief of the Taphians Telemachus:”Tellme also truly, for I want to know, are you a stranger to this house, or have you been here in my father's time? In the old days we had many visitors for my father went about much himself." And Minerva answered, "I will tell you truly and particularly all about it. I am Mentes, son of Anchialus, and I am King of the Taphians.
9. “I will begin by disguising you so that no human being shall know you; I will cover your body with wrinkles; you shall lose all your yellow hair; I will clothe you in a garment that shall fill all who see it with loathing; I will blear your fine eyes for you, and make you an unseemly object in the sight of the suitors, of your wife, and of the son whom you left behind you” (The Odyssey, Book XIII).
15. Dialogue between Polyphemus and other Cyclopes "'What ails you, Polyphemus,' said they, 'that you make such a noise, breaking the stillness of the night, and preventing us from being able to sleep? Surely no man is carrying off your sheep? Surely no man is trying to kill you either by fraud or by force? "But Polyphemus shouted to them from inside the cave, 'Noman is killing me by fraud! Noman is killing me by force!' "'Then,' said they, 'if no man is attacking you, you must be ill; when Jove makes people ill, there is no help for it, and you had better pray to your father Neptune.'
16. Circe’s Warning to Odysseus First you will come to the Sirens who enchant all who come near them. If any one unwarily draws in too close and hears the singing of the Sirens, his wife and children will never welcome him home again, for they sit in a green field and warble him to death with the sweetness of their song. There is a great heap of dead men's bones lying all around, with the flesh still rotting off them. (The Odyssey, Book XII)
18. "I heard of Ithaca," said he, "when I was in Crete beyond the seas, and now it seems I have reached it with all these treasures. I have left as much more behind me for my children, but am flying because I killed Orsilochus son of Idomeneus, the fleetest runner in Crete. I killed him because he wanted to rob me of the spoils I had got from Troy with so much trouble and danger both on the field of battle and by the waves of the weary sea; he said I had not served his father loyally at Troy as vassal, but had set myself up as an independent ruler, so I lay in wait for him and with one of my followers by the road side, and speared him as he was coming into town from the country. my It was a very dark night and nobody saw us; it was not known, therefore, that I had killed him, but as soon as I had done so I went to a ship and besought the owners, who were Phoenicians, to take me on board and set me in Pylos or in Elis where the Epeans rule, giving them as much spoil as satisfied them. They meant no guile, but the wind drove them off their course, and we sailed on till we came hither by night. It was all we could do to get inside the harbour, and none of us said a word about supper though we wanted it badly, but we all went on shore and lay down just as we were. I was very tired and fell asleep directly, so they took my goods out of the ship, and placed them beside me where I was lying upon the sand. Then they sailed away to Sidonia, and I was left here in great distress of mind." (The Odyssey, Book XIII)
19. "He must be indeed a shifty lying fellow," said she, "who could surpass you in all manner of craft even though you had a god for your antagonist. Dare-devil that you are, full of guile, unwearying in deceit, can you not drop your tricks and your instinctive falsehood, even now that you are in your own country again? We will say no more, however, about this, for we can both of us deceive upon occasion—you are the most accomplished counsellor and orator among all mankind, while I for diplomacy and subtlety have no equal among the gods.” (The Odyssey, Book XIII)
20. Penelope at her Loom “ It is your mother's fault not ours, for she is a very artful woman. This three years past, and close on four, she has been driving us out of our minds, by encouraging each one of us, and sending him messages without meaning one word of what she says. And then there was that other trick she played us. She set up a great tambour frame in her room, and began to work on an enormous piece of fine needlework. 'Sweet hearts,' said she, 'Ulysses is indeed dead, still do not press me to marry again immediately, wait—for I would not have skill in needlework perish unrecorded—till I have completed a pall for the hero Laertes, to be in readiness against the time when death shall take him. He is very rich, and the women of the place will talk if he is laid out without a pall.”
22. Works Cited Athena, Ailia. Paleothea. N.p., 07 Sep 2009. Web. 14 Aug 2011. <http://www.paleothea.com/>. Dunkle, Roger. "Ingenuity in the Odyssey." Brooklyn College. Brooklyn College, n.d. Web. 19 Jul 2011. <http://depthome.brooklyn.cuny.edu/classics/co urse/ingenuity.html>. Hillner, Christina. "The Element of Deception in the Odyssey." Helium (2008): n. pag. Web. 19 Jul 2011. <http://www.helium.com/items/848841-Classical-Lit- Mythology>.
23. Louden, Bruce. "Is there early recognition between Penelope and Odysseus? Book 19 in the larger context of the Odyssey." College Literature 38.2 (2011): 76+. Literature Resource Center. Web. 20 July 2011. <http://go.galegroup.com.library.norwich.edu/ps/i. do?&id=GALE%7CA254313929&v=2.1&u=vol_n 82n&it=r&p=LitRC&sw=w>. "The Odyssey / Invitation to World Literature." Learner.org. Web. 14 Aug. 2011. <http://www.learner.org/courses/worldlit/odyssey/>. "The Odyssey Lies and Deceit Quotes." Shmoop. Shmoop University Inc., n.d. Web. 19 Jul 2011. <http://www.shmoop.com/odyssey/lies-deceit- quotes.html>.
24. "The Odyssey." Internet Sacred Text Archive Home. Web. 11 July 2011 Zimmerman, Mary. "Expert's View: Penelope."Learner.org. Annenburg Foundation, n.d. Web. 13 Aug 2011. <http://www.learner.org/courses/worldlit/odyssey /read/look-closer.html>.
25. Works Cited: Images Athena. JupiterImages Corporation. Retrieved August 13, 2011, from http://www.learner.org/courses/worldlit/odyssey/explo re/slideshow.html#slideshow_4 Fabisch, Pablo E. Telemachus and Mentes.TimelessMyths. Retrieved August 7, 2011, from http://www.timelessmyths.com/classical/odyssey GeniusBee. Athena and Odysseus. Deviantart. Retrieved August 14, 2011, from http://geniusbee.deviantart.com/art/Athena-and-Odysseus- 153423057 Homer. Crystalinks. Retrieved August 7, 2011, from http://www.crystalinks.com/homer.html. Ithaca. The-Greek-Villa. Retrieved August 14, 2011, from http://www.the-greek-villa.com/en/index2.html
26. Doucet, Henri-Lucien. Reunion of Odysseus and Telemachus. Artchive. Retrived August 14, 2011, from http://www.artchive.com/web_gallery/H/Henri-Lucien-Doucet/Reunion-of-Odysseus-and-Telemachus.html Phrynos Painter. Birth of Athena. University of Haifa Library. Retrieved August 14, 2011, from http://www.arthistory.sbc.edu/imageswomen/pap ers/stebbinsathena/athena2.html Siren Painter. Odysseus and the Sirens. The British Museum. Retrieved August 14, 2011, from http://www.mlahanas.de/Greeks/Mythology/Odysseu sSirensBME440.html Tenger, Rudolph. Zeus Giving Birth to Athena. Paleothea. Retrieved August 14, 2011, from http://www.paleothea.com/Gallery/AthenaBirth Trojan Horse. Allthingsd. Retrieved August 14, 2011, from http://allthingsd.com/20080716/microsofts- trojan-horse-also-googles-display-advertising/
27. Jordaens, Jacobs. Ulysses in the Cave of Polyphemus. Oilpaintinghk. Retrieved August 14, 2011, from http://www.oilpaintinghk.com/art/oil_paintings_37 81.html Ithaca. Cavos. Retrieved August 14, 2011, from http://www.google.com/imgres?q=Ithaca+greece&um=1&hl=en&safe=off&biw=1333&bih=674&tbm=isch&tbnid=OTaKFJlRMN4brM:&imgrefurl=http://www.cavos-cottages.com/ithaca.php&docid=IiH5Ov6UIpgGFM&w=600&h=400&ei=ak9ITr_kJMavsQK8mJySCA&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=496&vpy=368&dur=110&hovh=183&hovw=275&tx=131&ty=73&page=4&tbnh=164&tbnw=224&start=48&ndsp=16&ved=1t:429,r:12,s:48
28. Odysseus Killing His Wife’s Suitors After Retuning Home. The Independent. Retrieved August 14, 2011.
Hinweis der Redaktion
The ancient Greek epic poet Homer is best known as the author of the Illiad, and The Odyssey. The Odyssey is of particular interest because of its emphasis on deception and trickery to accomplish a goal as opposed to brute strength. Roger Dunkle of Brooklyn College says of Odysseus, “[His] most important quality as a hero is his ingenuity (metis)”(Dunkle). The Odyssey is an epic poem that demonstrates cunning and wit are indispensable tools of a hero through Odysseus’s adventures and through the actions of many main characters.”IMAGE:Homer.Crystalinks. Retrieved August 7, 2011, from http://www.crystalinks.com/homer.html.
Dunkle goes on to explain that Odysseus’s is often referred to as polymetis or polymechanos, the latter meaning “having much metis, the latter meaning, “having many devices” (Dunkle). Dunkle provides a list of crafted by Hesychius of Alexandria which provides some of the multiple meanings for the Greek word metis (SEE POWERPOINT). From Hesychius’s list, Dunkle concludes that “the meaning of metis ranges from intelligence in general to more specific applications of intelligence such as trickery and the practice of various kinds of technical skill” (Dunkle). This sentiment is shared by Christal Hillner, who believes the theme of deception runs throughout The Odyssey.
IMAGE:Athena.JupiterImages Corporation. Retrieved August 13, 2011, from http://www.learner.org/courses/worldlit/odyssey/explore/slideshow.html#slideshow_4
Christal Hillner says, “There are numerous examples of deception by everyone, but especially the goddess Athena (also known as Minerva) and Odysseus” (Hillner). Hillner concentrates on how Athena changed her appearance multiple times to trick someone into doing what she wants or as a test (Hillner). The first example of Athena taking on a disguise comes up in Book I. Athena goes to see Telemachus, Odysseus’s son, to tell him that his father is still alive. Athena disguises and introduces herself as “Mentes, Son of Anchialus, and King of the Taphians” and told Telemachus that her and Odysseus “were close friends before he set sail for Troy, [but] since that time we have never either of us seen the other” (The Odyssey, Book I). Athena provides Telemachus with instructions on how to deal with the suitors trying to wed is mother, and how to prepare for his father’s return. The deception worked because Telemachus responds saying, “ Sir, it has been very kind of you to talk to me in this way, as though I were your own son, and I will do all you tell me” (The Odyssey, Book I).
Here is Pablo Fabisch’s depiction of Athena and Telemachus’s meeting. Athena is the older man on the right.IMAGE:Fabisch, Pablo E. Telemachus and Mentes.TimelessMyths. Retrieved August 7, 2011, fromhttp://www.timelessmyths.com/classical/odyssey.html.
Athena doesn’t just have a penchant for disguising herself, but others as well, to include Penelope and Odysseus. In Book XVII, Athena plants the idea to address the suitors. Penelope responds to this inception, saying, "Eurynome, I have changed my and have a fancy to show myself to the suitors although I detest them. I should like also to give my son a hint that he had better not have anything more to do with them. They speak fairly enough but they mean mischief" (The Odyssey, Book XVIII). Eurynome agreed with Penelope’s decision and suggested that she go wash and anoint her face, that she “[should] not go about with your cheeks all covered with tears; it is not right that you should grieve so incessantly” (The Odyssey, Book XVIII). Penelope rejects Eurynome’s well-meaning advice saying, “heaven robbed me of all my beauty on the day my husband sailed” (The Odyssey, Book XVIII). Eurynome then left to gather the maids. At this point Athena snuck in put Penelope into a “sweet slumber” in which she “shed grace and beauty over her that all the Achaeans might admire her. She washed her face with the ambrosial loveliness that Venus wears when she goes dancing with the Graces; she made her taller and of a more commanding figure, while as for her complexion it was whiter than sawn ivory” (The Odyssey, Book XVIII).
Hillner sees this as another example of deception by disguise by Athena. Athena, who works hard throughout the Odyssey to orchestrate Odysseus’s return to Ithaca and his subsequent slaughter of the suitors that crowd his home, enhances Penelope’s beauty, according to Hillner, to “inspire Odysseus and Telemachus to bravery against the suitors. She wants to remind Penelope’s husband and son for what they will be fighting” (Hillner). Athena hardly ever appeared in front of someone in her actual form. She usually conceals her identity through disguise, which makes sense since Athena is the personification of wisdom (Dunkle). Dunkle states that although metis is often translated into English as “wisdom”, it should not be confused as philosophical wisdom (which did not exist during this period), but more practical wisdom, or street smarts (Dunkle).IMAGEOdysseus Killing His Wife’s Suitors after Retuning Home. The Independent. Retrieved August 14, 2011.
Athena also changes Odysseus’s physical appearance to help him deceive and disguise himself from all the suitors clamoring in his home. Athena informs Oddyseus of the “disreputable people who have been lording in [his] house, courting [his] wife” (The Odyssey, Book XIII). Odysseus, wanting to take revenge, asks Athena for help so he can avenge himself. In typical Athena action, the goddess replies: “I will begin by disguising you so that no human being shall know you; I will cover your body with wrinkles; you shall lose all your yellow hair; I will clothe you in a garment that shall fill all who see it with loathing; I will blear your fine eyes for you, and make you an unseemly object in the sight of the suitors, of your wife, and of the son whom you left behind you” (The Odyssey, Book XIII).
This deception works fantastically, for even Odysseus’s son first refused to believe that his “beggar” was his father, the great Odysseus.IMAGE:Doucet, Henri-Lucien. Reunion of Odysseus and Telemachus. Artchive. Retrived August 14, 2011, from http://www.artchive.com/web_gallery/H/Henri-Lucien-Doucet/Reunion-of-Odysseus-and-Telemachus.html
Athena’s deceptions are very characteristic of her character in the Odyssey and also her place in Greek mythology. It is said that Zeus, fearing the birth of a son that could potentially overthrow him, turned his wife, Metis, into a fly, and ate her. Since Metis was pregnant when Zeus ate her, she gave birth to a fully grown daughter that came through Zeus’s forehead. Dunkle says that, because of this “Athena becomes a personification of Zeus’s metis” (Dunkle). This is why Athena is so tricky, deceptive and cleverIMAGES:Tenger, Rudolph.Zeus Giving Birth to Athena. Paleothea. Retrieved August 14, 2011, from http://www.paleothea.com/Gallery/AthenaBirth.htmlPhrynos Painter.Birth of Athena. University of Haifa Library. Retrieved August 14, 2011, from http://www.arthistory.sbc.edu/imageswomen/papers/stebbinsathena/athena2.html
It was, after all, Athena who helped in the construction of the Trojan horse, what Dunkle believes “unites nicely the two most important meanings of metis. The horse is a product of carpentry, a technological metis, and is at the same time a trick, a deceptive metis” (Dunkle). Odysseus, however is not to be overshadowed by Athena. Athena has said of Odysseus, “you are so plausible, shrewd and shifty” (The Odyssey, Book XIII).IMAGES:Trojan Horse. Allthingsd. Retrieved August 14, 2011, from http://allthingsd.com/20080716/microsofts-trojan-horse-also-googles-display-advertising/
Odysseus’s adventure starts with his foray into the land of the Cyclops. During this adventure, Odysseus demonstrates his cleverness, deceptiveness, and foresight; all traits which will be invaluable to him in his later adventures. When Odysseus and his twelve of his men decided to explore the cave of the Cyclopes, Odysseus had the foresight to bring a “large skin with this wine, and took a wallet full of provisions with me, for my mind misgave me that I might have to deal with some savage who would be of great strength, and would respect neither right nor law” (The Odyssey, Book IX). This wine would come in handy after the Cyclopes who resides in the cave, Polyphemus, returns and imprisons Odysseus and his men. Polyphemus viciously eats two of the twelve men and the just falls asleep, At this point, Odysseus is tempted to kill Polyphemus right then and there, until his foresight kicks in again and realizes that if he kills Polyphemus they would all die in the cave, because none of them are able to move the giant boulder which blocks the entrance to the cave.IMAGE:Jordaens, Jacobs. Ulysses in the Cave of Polyphemus. Oilpaintinghk. Retrieved August 14, 2011, from http://www.oilpaintinghk.com/art/oil_paintings_3781.html
This is when Odysseus’s cleverness and deceptiveness kicks in. Odysseus resolves to blind, instead of killing, the Cyclopes. By blinding the Cyclopes, he would be unable to find, catch, and kill Odysseus and his men, but still be alive to move the rock blocking the entrance to let his flock of sheep out. With the plan set, Odysseus begins to set the plan into motion by offering Polyphemus some of the wine that he had brought with him. Polyphemus enjoyed the wine greatly, and asked Odysseus what his name was. In an act of cleverness, deceptions, and forethought, Odysseus famously responds with “Noman”. By saying his name was Noman, Odysseus sets up the plan perfectly. After drinking the wine, Polyphemus passed out drunk. Odysseus took a large wooden beam with a pointed end and heated the pointed end in a fire until it almost caught fire. He then took the fiery end of the beam and “drove the sharp end of the beam into the monster's eye, and bearing upon it with all my weight I kept turning it round and round as though I were boring a hole in a ship's plank with an auger”
Polyphemos screamed and yelled and it got the attention of his fellow Cyclopes. They came out and asked him what was happening, if anyone was hurting him. Polyphemos screamed out “Noman is killing me by force” (The Odyssey, Book IX)! His fellow Cyclopes respond saying “If no man is attacking you, you must be ill” (The Odyssey, Book IX). This scene truly exemplifies Odysseus’s cleverness, deceptiveness and foresight. This scene also brings up another interesting point: Odysseus chose cleverness and wit to defeat Polyphemus rather than strength and power. This is a theme that plays throught the Odyssey: brains over brawn.
Polyphemus, after learning “Noman’s” real name, calls upon his father, Neptune, to stall Odysseus’s journey back home and to fill that journey with mishaps and peril. Neptune accomplishes this by creating foul weather and winds that blow Odysseus off course and into harm’s way. One of these dangers that Odysseus encounters is that of the Sirens. Circe describes the Sirens to Odysseus:First you will come to the Sirens who enchant all who come near them. If any one unwarily draws in too close and hears the singing of the Sirens, his wife and children will never welcome him home again, for they sit in a green field and warble him to death with the sweetness of their song. There is a great heap of dead men's bones lying all around, with the flesh still rotting off them. (The Odyssey, Book XII)
Of course, Odysseus, the hero that he is, decides to sail close to the Sirens, and in crafty manner, figures out a way for his men to not be affected by their song, and for him to enjoy the song. He orders his men to tie him tightly to the mast of their vessel, that way he can enjoy the Siren’s song but not be able to be lured in and meet the same fate of those whose skeletons riddle the rocks before them. He also takes wax and inserts it into the ears of his men, so they will not be tempted by the song of the sirens. This is a very clever way to overcome another one of the many obstacles Odysseus will face.IMAGE:Siren Painter. Odysseus and the Sirens. The British Museum. Retrieved August 14, 2011, from http://www.mlahanas.de/Greeks/Mythology/OdysseusSirensBME440.html
It makes sense that Athena, the goddess of wisdom and personification of Zeus’s metis, takes such a liking to Odysseus. He is her favorite mortal, is also a man of great metis; Odysseus’s most common epithet in The Odyssey is polymetis (of many metis), which appears sixty-eight times (Dunkle). A recognition scene takes place where Athena appears before a confused Odysseus as a young man to test Odysseus. Odysseus, confused about his surroundings, finds this man, and asks him to tell him where he is. The young man tells Odysseus that he is in the great land of Ithaca and asks him who he is, and where he came from. Athena wants to test Odysseus; make sure he is still on his toes (Hillner). Odysseus started to talk, but did not tell the truth. He instead started to lie “out of the wiliness of his heart” (The Odyssey, Book XIII), saying: "I heard of Ithaca," said he, "when I was in Crete beyond the seas, and now it seems I have reached it with all these treasures. I have left as much more behind me for my children, but am flying because I killed Orsilochus son of Idomeneus, the fleetest runner in Crete. I killed him because he wanted to rob me of the spoils I had got from Troy with so much trouble and danger both on the field of battle and by the waves of the weary sea; he said I had not served his father loyally at Troy as vassal, but had set myself up as an independent ruler, so I lay in wait for him and with one of my followers by the road side, and speared him as he was coming into town from the country. my It was a very dark night and nobody saw us; it was not known, therefore, that I had killed him, but as soon as I had done so I went to a ship and besought the owners, who were Phoenicians, to take me on board and set me in Pylos or in Elis where the Epeans rule, giving them as much spoil as satisfied them. They meant no guile, but the wind drove them off their course, and we sailed on till we came hither by night. It was all we could do to get inside the harbour, and none of us said a word about supper though we wanted it badly, but we all went on shore and lay down just as we were. I was very tired and fell asleep directly, so they took my goods out of the ship, and placed them beside me where I was lying upon the sand. Then they sailed away to Sidonia, and I was left here in great distress of mind." (The Odyssey, Book XIII)IMAGE:Ithaca. The-Greek-Villa. Retrieved August 14, 2011, from http://www.the-greek-villa.com/en/index2.html
To this story, Athena only smiled. She changed back into her actual form, a fair, stately, and wise woman. She caressed Odysseus and said:"He must be indeed a shifty lying fellow," said she, "who could surpass you in all manner of craft even though you had a god for your antagonist. Dare-devil that you are, full of guile, unwearying in deceit, can you not drop your tricks and your instinctive falsehood, even now that you are in your own country again? We will say no more, however, about this, for we can both of us deceive upon occasion—you are the most accomplished counsellor and orator among all mankind, while I for diplomacy and subtlety have no equal among the gods.” (The Odyssey, Book XIII)ChristalHillner believes that “the motive behind Athena’s disguise is Homer’s way of continuing to emphasize how clever Odysseus is” (Hillner). Odysseus passes Athena’s test handedly. Hillner writes of this scene that “One is obviously supposed to see Odysseus as quick-witted. Odysseus shows Athena he is still on his guard by quickly composing a false story in order to safeguard his true identity” (Hillner). Penelope, Odysseus’s wife, is just as guarded and quick-witted as her husband.IMAGE:GeniusBee. Athena and Odysseus. Deviantart. Retrieved August 14, 2011, from http://geniusbee.deviantart.com/art/Athena-and-Odysseus-153423057
Penelope is a perfect match for Odysseus. In a move that could rival Odysseus in cleverness, she figures out a way to give the lost Odysseus more time to return home, but also leave the option open to remarry. The plan she comes up with is to tell the suitors she cannot entertain any ideas of taking a new husband. A suitor tells Telemachus the story:“ It is your mother's fault not ours, for she is a very artful woman. This three years past, and close on four, she has been driving us out of our minds, by encouraging each one of us, and sending him messages without meaning one word of what she says. And then there was that other trick she played us. She set up a great tambour frame in her room, and began to work on an enormous piece of fine needlework. 'Sweet hearts,' said she, 'Ulysses is indeed dead, still do not press me to marry again immediately, wait—for I would not have skill in needlework perish unrecorded—till I have completed a pall for the hero Laertes, to be in readiness against the time when death shall take him. He is very rich, and the women of the place will talk if he is laid out without a pall.”(The Odyssey, Book II)Clever Penelope was able to keep up this charade for almost four years, weaving by day, undoing it by night. Mary Zimmerman say that Penelope is “a perfect match for [Odysseus], because she’s just as crafty as he is, just as devious, just as careful, and just as imaginative” (Zimmerman)
In conclusion, Homer’s Odyssey is more than the story of Odysseus’s journey back to Ithaca: It is a story of wit over strength, of brains over brawn. It is a story displaying the importance of metis to the ancient Greek people. The Odyssey displays that trickery, deception, and disguise are invaluable tools of a hero, for Odysseus would have surely died had he not been so cunning; Athena would not have been effective in orchestrating Odysseus’s return; and Penelope would not have been able to fend of the droves of suitors clamoring for her hand in marriage. IMAGE:Ithaca. Cavos. Retrieved August 14, 2011, from http://www.google.com/imgres?q=Ithaca+greece&um=1&hl=en&safe=off&biw=1333&bih=674&tbm=isch&tbnid=OTaKFJlRMN4brM:&imgrefurl=http://www.cavos-cottages.com/ithaca.php&docid=IiH5Ov6UIpgGFM&w=600&h=400&ei=ak9ITr_kJMavsQK8mJySCA&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=496&vpy=368&dur=110&hovh=183&hovw=275&tx=131&ty=73&page=4&tbnh=164&tbnw=224&start=48&ndsp=16&ved=1t:429,r:12,s:48
