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ODD is not Agile or Waterfall
1.
Obstacle Driven Development ODD
is not Agile or Waterfall ©odd.enterprises 16/03/2015
2.
Obstacle Driven Development 16/03/2015
©odd.enterprises 2
3.
ODD Circle Model 16/03/2015
©odd.enterprises 3
4.
ODD Process 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises
4
5.
ODD Combined Model 16/03/2015
©odd.enterprises 5
6.
ODD Process Flowchart 16/03/2015
©odd.enterprises 6
7.
ODD Process Flowchart
with Feedback 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 7
8.
What is ODD?
v. What do you want ODD to be? 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 8
9.
Background Ideas of Obstacle
Driven Development (ODD) are based on numerous development processes including: • ISO V-model • Test Driven Development • ISO specifications • Requirements analysis spiral • Agile principles 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 9
10.
Obstacle Driven Development
1 Tests used to verify and validate code in TDD are extended and adapted to create a new development model. • Applications to hardware, software and embedded • Links stages with tests used for verification and validation 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 10 Verify Solution Solution for Obstacle Validate Solution Obstacle
11.
Obstacle Driven Development
2 Obstacle Driven Development finds solutions to obstacles. An obstacle is solved and product created through four stages of development. • Analysis • Specification • Solution • Production 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 11 Verify Solution Solution for Obstacle Validate Solution Obstacle
12.
Obstacle Driven Development
3 An ODD Process is expressed using four stages in sequence. The diagram is simplified to demonstrate a basic ODD process. • Analysis • Specification • Solution • Production 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 12 Specification Solution Production Analysis
13.
Obstacle Driven Development
4 Verification and validation are applied to link stages and provide feedback. • Verification is ensuring a product is built in the right way • Validation is ensuring a product is built right • Creating and solving tests give verification and validation 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 13
14.
ODD Flow Chart Flow
chart to demonstrate a generic ODD process implemented with appropriate testing. • Flow chart is adapted to give testing required for each stage • Select Obstacle refers to an element from a previous stage • Create Test and Create Solution are adapted for verification and validation of each element 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 14
15.
ODD M-model 1 M-models
demonstrate how development is divided into stages and testing processes. Each stage also has a checkpoint. • Requirements • Documents • Prototype • Product 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 15
16.
ODD M-model 2 Testing
processes are to the left of each stage. • Analysis – Utilisation and elicitation • Specification – Verification and validation • Solution – Testing and design • Production – Quality assurance and control 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 16
17.
Waterfall Development Waterfall development
is considered a traditional method of software development. • Each stage is “fixed” before moving to the next • Flexibility is an issue with fixed stages • Testing is late in the development 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 17
18.
ODD is not
Waterfall ODD is different to Waterfall in a number of ways. • Development stages are not fixed • Testing is implicit throughout with unit tests • Testing implemented between each stage 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 18
19.
Agile Development Agile is
a relatively recent approach to product development designed to be efficient and adaptable. • 12 principles to guide development teams in implementing Agile projects • Various methodologies including SCRUM and Feature Driven Development 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 19
20.
ODD is not
Agile ODD is different to Agile in a number of ways. • Specification implemented • Tests are created first • ODD is suitable for hardware, software and embedded • Four stages to product development 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 20
21.
Agile Manifesto The Agile
manifesto describes what is important for an Agile project. • Invented by Kent Beck, James Grenning et al. • While both are important Agile values the left over the right • ODD uses a modified version • Individuals and interactions over processes and tools • Working software over comprehensive documentation • Customer collaboration over contract negotiation • Responding to change over following a plan © Kent Beck, James Grenning et al. 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 21
22.
ODD Manifesto The manifesto
used for ODD is a reworking of the Agile manifesto. • Over is replaced by terms illustrating how one can help with others • Emphasis on linking and encouraging ODD processes • Processes and tools which encourage individuals and interactions • Working software through comprehensive documentation • Contract negotiation through customer collaboration • Following a plan which responds to change 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 22
23.
Success from Failure Obstacle
Driven Development can be described as an attempt to: Achieve success by identifying, correcting and preventing failures as early, effectively and efficiently as possible. 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 23
24.
Learning from Failure ODD
is different to traditional and achieves success by identifying, correcting and preventing failures. • Success is a lack of failure • Failure is easy to prove and understand • Tests give definitive answers for success or failure 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 24
25.
The Tests Are
Out There If you don’t test your product then your customers will. • Tests are out there and waiting for your product • Product utilisation has wider scope than testing • Single failure has potential to cause failure of a product 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 25
26.
Fail Early, Fail
Often Achieving success with ODD is through identifying, correcting and preventing failure. • Undiscovered errors can cost 10x more to fix in the next development phase • Errors become expensive to solve • 2 stages missed ≈ 100x • 3 stages missed ≈ 1000x 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 26
27.
ODD Specification Importance A
specification can improve development of a product. • Product cost is reduced with an improved specification process • Using a full specification can prevent errors from propagating • Creating and editing a specification is low cost 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 27
28.
SCRUM 1 SCRUM is
a developmental method for Agile developments. SCRUM was first defined in 1986 as • a flexible, holistic product development strategy where a development team works as a unit to reach a common goal • Teams organised to achieve required result 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 28
29.
SCRUM 2 SCRUM is
used to plan and manage sprints which facilitate development. • Sprints can be between a week and a month (30 days shown) • Meetings to demonstrate progress and discuss problems • Sprints allow consistent and sustained progress 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 29
30.
SCRUM Master Scrum Master
is responsible for ensuring a team works to values and practices of Scrum. • Facilitates Scrum events • Process owner for team • Ensures Scrum is understood and followed • Removes impediments to progress 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 30
31.
Sprints Sprints ensure a
smooth flow of work for the duration of a development. • Developments are divided into sprints • Each sprint has discovery, design, development and testing • Each sprint is required to be integrated 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 31
32.
Burndown Chart 1 Burndown
charts help measure and plan development through tasks completed and remaining. • Green line is expected development schedule • Effort is measured using time • If remaining tasks and effort are above ideal then development is behind schedule 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 32
33.
Burndown Chart 2 Simple
burndown chart where the blue line is an ideal or expected burndown. • Easy to see if a project is expected to overrun • If actual tasks line is above ideal tasks then a project is behind schedule 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 33
34.
Tests as Sprints ODD
Sprints are creating, solving and passing tests for various stages. • Creating a test ensures an obstacle to be solved is known • Passing a test ensures an obstacle is solved • Measurable progress achieved 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 34
35.
ODD Elements 1 •
Elements are generic and describe all parts of development 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 35 • Elements of each stage are situations, behaviours, solutions and production
36.
ODD Elements 2 •
Elements are practical levels of a product and integrated or decomposed 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 36 • Elements are solutions of tests generated by a previous stage
37.
Linking Elements 1 Elements
ensure development links throughout the stages. • Each stage has different and separate elements • Height of elements indicates level from material to product • Unit testing links each stage 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 37
38.
Linking Elements 2 Elements
are used to create a test and link elements in the next stage. • Unit testing implemented through traffic lights • Levels should link to related elements of next stage • Short distance between stages indicates a close link 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 38
39.
Linking Elements 3 Production
stage allows elements to link up for continuous development. • Product analysis for identification of remaining errors • Informs future developments • Solution is created many times with quality assured and controlled 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 39
40.
Linking Tests 1 Tests
link behaviours with solutions through testing and design. • Solutions are designed according to tests created from behaviours • Each solution is a single element of a product • Unit testing is applied • Test suite created and ran when changes occur 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 40
41.
Linking Tests 2 Testing
and design concerns solutions created from behaviours in a specification. • Customers are involved for utilisation and elicitation • Each solution implements 1 or more behaviours • Tests suite ran for any changes or additions 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 41
42.
Creating Tests 1 Creation
of solutions from a specification is inspired by Behaviour Driven Development. • Often tests can be created by simply rewriting a behaviour • Designing a solution according to tests reduces debugging • Creation of tests and designs may continue until all behaviours are implemented 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 42
43.
Creating Tests 2 Full
test suite created using each behaviour contained in a specification. • Creating a test first ensures an objective is understood • Design according to passing tests reduces ambiguity • Passing a test ensures behaviour is implemented 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 43
44.
ODD Process 1 ODD
uses a traffic light model with each stage linked through creating, solving and passing tests. • Demonstrates links to elements from a previous stage • Process uses unit tests to ensure all obstacles are solved • Easy to understand and view progress 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 44
45.
ODD Process 2 Feedforward
and feedback processes are used to ensure stages are linked. • Feedforward is creating tests to link next stage • Feedback is solving and passing tests from previous stage • Allows full linkage of stages 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 45
46.
Verification and Validation Testing
processes are used for verification and validation and to link stages of development. • Stages given appropriate verification and validation • Each stage used to verify next through creating tests • Previous stage used for validation by solving and passing tests 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 46
47.
ODD Combined Model An
ODD process and an M-model give a combined model. • Demonstrates how each stage is linked to next • Each traffic light set models a unit testing process • Linking of a stage is achieved when all green lights 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 47
48.
ODD Organisation Four stages
structure a developments organisation. • Overview of all stages and verification and validation • Each stage and linking is observed and managed • Partnerships between colleagues are managed and maintained 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 48
49.
ODD Master An ODD
master is given a title and responsibilities similar to a SCRUM master. • Attention paid to linking stages through verification and validation • Has management control over development stages • Interacts and supervises each and all stages 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 49
50.
ODD Sprints ODD Sprints
are creating, solving and passing a test. • Measurable and testable progress in a sprint • Tests completed and remaining give estimate of progress • Tests completed are an accurate way of measuring progress 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 50
51.
ODD Burndown Chart An
ODD burndown chart simply replaces tasks to be completed with tests to be passed. • Tests to pass used as an estimate for time remaining • Tasks not tested may result in errors leading to overrun 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 51
52.
ODD Generic Flow
Chart Each stage of ODD has an adaption of this generic flow chart. Flow chart is adapted to provide: • Analysis - Utilisation and Elicitation • Specification – Verification and Validation • Solution - Testing and Design • Production – Quality Assurance and Control 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 52
53.
ODD Analysis Utilisation and
elicitation verify and validate product features. • Once product features are utilised then elicitation can proceed as validation • Process links stages and allows continuous improvement and adaption 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 53 Customer Utilisation Situation Analysis Elicit Customers Feature
54.
ODD Analysis Flowchart Flow
chart designed to explain creation of ODD Analysis stage. 1. Product feature selected to be analysed in situations 2. Elicitation test is created 3. Product is utilised 4. If fail repeat Stage 3 5. Repeat Stages 1 – 4 until elicitation is complete 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 54
55.
ODD Specification Specification describes
behaviours which cover expected situations and requirements. • Tests verify and validate whether behaviours cover requirement • Once expected situations are covered and tests verified a specification is complete 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 55 Verify Specification Specify Behaviour Validate Specification Requirement
56.
ODD Specification Flowchart Flow
chart designed to explain creation of ODD Specification stage. 1. Requirement selected to be covered by a behaviour 2. Verification test is created 3. Behaviour is specified 4. If fail repeat Stage 3 5. Repeat Stages 1 – 4 until all behaviours are specified 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 56
57.
ODD Solution Specification allows
creation of tests and solutions based on described behaviours. • Solution describes individual and integrated designs • If a solution is designed to pass tests then testing becomes easier • Unit testing and test suites used 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 57 Create Test Design Solution Pass Test Behaviour
58.
ODD Solution Flowchart Flow
chart designed to explain creation of ODD Solution stage. 1. Behaviour selected to be covered by a solution 2. Unit test is created 3. Solution is designed 4. If fail repeat Stage 3 5. Repeat Stages 1 – 4 until all behaviours are specified 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 58
59.
ODD Production Production organised
directly from a solution to give assured and controlled quality. • Solution ensures continuous and predictable quality • Quality assurance tests are created • Number of passes a measure for quality control 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 59 Assure Product Quality Produce Product Control Product Quality Solution
60.
ODD Production Flowchart Flow
chart designed to explain creation of ODD Production stage. 1. Solution selected to be produced 2. Quality assurance test created 3. Production process 4. If fail repeat Stage 3 5. Repeat Stages 1 – 4 until all production is assured 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 60
61.
ODD Agile Flowchart
1 Combining flowcharts without checkpoints gives a process similar to Agile development. • Begins by selecting a situation from analysis to specify behaviours • Each ODD flowchart is combined to produce flowchart for entire process 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 61
62.
ODD Agile Flowchart
2 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 62
63.
ODD Waterfall Flowchart
1 Combining flowcharts gives a process which can be presented similarly to Waterfall development. • Begins with selecting a feature to process requirements • Each ODD flowchart has been combined with checkpoints 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 63
64.
ODD Waterfall Flowchart
2 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 64
65.
ODD Waterfall with
Feedback 1 Full flowchart model of an ODD development. • Decisions added to give options when tests are not passing • Branch in lighter colour is a repetition of analysis stage • Indicates how development can be continued or adapted 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 65
66.
ODD Waterfall with
Feedback 2 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 66
67.
Further Information and
Questions • Website • Presentations • Facebook • Twitter • Email 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 67
68.
Legal Stuff References Test Driven
Development for Embedded C James Grenning, 2011 Digging into “Fail fast, fail often.” http://agile.dzone.com/articles/digging-fail-fast-fail-often Agile vs. Waterfall: How to Approach your Web Development Project http://www.commonplaces.com/blog/agile-vs-waterfall-how-approach- your-web-development-project The Scrum Master Performance Review http://illustratedagile.com/2011/12/13/the-scrum-master- performance-review-preparation/ ScrumMaster http://www.mountaingoatsoftware.com/agile/scrum/scrummaster Disclaimer The ODD M-model and associated processes are provided by odd.enterprises and may be used for any purpose whatsoever. The names odd.enterprises and associated logos should not be used in any representation, advertising, publicity or other manner whatsoever to endorse or promote any entity that adopts or uses the model and/or associated processes. odd.enterprises does not guarantee to provide support, consulting, training or assistance of any kind with regards to the use of the model and/or processes including any updates. You agree to indemnify odd.enterprises and its affiliates, officers, agents and employees against any claim or demand including reasonable solicitors fees, related to your use, reliance or adoption of the model and/or processes for any purpose whatsoever. The model is provided by odd.enterprises “as is” and any express or implied warranties, included but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose are expressly disclaimed. In no event shall odd.enterprises be liable for any damages whatsoever, including but not limited to claims associated with the loss of data or profits, which may result from any action in contract, negligence or other tortious claim that arises out of or in connection with the use or performance of the model. 16/03/2015 ©odd.enterprises 68
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