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- 1. Black Holes are Outta Sight Peter Watson, Dept. of Physics
- 2. Peter Watson
- 3. Peter Watson
- 4. Peter Watson
- 5. Black Holes Peter Watson
- 6. Black Holes • Invented by .....? Peter Watson
- 7. Black Holes • Invented by .....? • Einstein Peter Watson
- 8. Black Holes • Invented by .....? • Einstein • Hawking? Peter Watson
- 9. Black Holes • Invented by .....? • Einstein • Hawking? • Well, actually, John Michell, rector of Thornhill Church in Yorkshire Peter Watson
- 10. Black Holes • Invented by .....? • Einstein • Hawking? • Well, actually, John Michell, rector of Thornhill Church in Yorkshire • geologist?philosopher? astronomer? Seismologist? Peter Watson
- 11. Black Holes • Invented by .....? • Einstein • Hawking? • Well, actually, John Michell, rector of Thornhill Church in Yorkshire • geologist?philosopher? astronomer? Seismologist? • Polymath. Peter Watson
- 12. Black Holes • Invented by .....? • Einstein • Hawking? • Well, actually, John Michell, rector of Thornhill Church in Yorkshire • geologist?philosopher? astronomer? Seismologist? • Polymath. • presented his ideas to the Royal Society in London in 1783. Peter Watson
- 13. Peter Watson
- 14. • If we throw something up from the earth, it will fall back Peter Watson
- 15. • If we throw something up from the earth, it will fall back • Throw it at 11 km/s and it escapes Peter Watson
- 16. • If we throw something up from the earth, it will fall back • Throw it at 11 km/s and it escapes • But if the escape velocity is the speed of light c, nothing can escape. Peter Watson
- 17. • If we throw something up from the earth, it will fall back • Throw it at 11 km/s and it escapes • But if the escape velocity is the speed of light c, nothing can escape. • If the earth was 4 mm in radius, it would be a Black hole Peter Watson
- 18. • If we throw something up from the earth, it will fall back • Throw it at 11 km/s and it escapes • But if the escape velocity is the speed of light c, nothing can escape. • If the earth was 4 mm in radius, it would be a Black hole Peter Watson
- 19. • If we throw something up from the earth, it will fall back • Throw it at 11 km/s and it escapes • But if the escape velocity is the speed of light c, nothing can escape. • If the earth was 4 mm in radius, it would be a Black hole Peter Watson
- 20. • One way to see a black hole: it’s black! • If we are really lucky....(or unlucky) as a gap in the sky Too Close to a Black Hole Credit & Copyright: Robert Nemiroff (MTU)< Peter Watson
- 21. Peter Watson
- 22. • Stuff falling in will become very hot and produce X-rays • Cygnus X-1: visible star ~20 mass of sun • Invisible object M~9Mo • Power output in X-rays is 10,000 x total power output by sun! Peter Watson
- 23. • Stuff falling in will become very hot and produce X-rays • Cygnus X-1: visible star ~20 mass of sun • Invisible object M~9Mo • Power output in X-rays is 10,000 x total power output by sun! Peter Watson
- 24. But there are much bigger black holes around Peter Watson
- 25. But there are much bigger black holes around • This is the Milky way, showing the whole sky Peter Watson
- 26. But there are much bigger black holes around • This is the Milky way, showing the whole sky Peter Watson
- 27. • If we look at it with radio waves, see very intense source at centre Peter Watson
- 28. • which gets brighter as we zoom in Peter Watson
- 29. • The stars there are swirling round something 10 million times as heavy as the sun Peter Watson
- 30. • The stars there are swirling round something 10 million times as heavy as the sun Peter Watson
- 31. • All galaxies seem to have a huge black hole at the centre Peter Watson
- 32. • And this is maybe where it is happening now: • Two galaxies have collided and the black holes seem to be coalescing Peter Watson
- 33. • And this is maybe where it is happening now: • Two galaxies have collided and the black holes seem to be coalescing 3C75 X-rays from Chandra Peter Watson
- 34. • So what do huge things like galaxies have to do with tiny things like protons? • We don’t understand gravity • e.g take two electrons Peter Watson
- 35. • So what do huge things like galaxies have to do with tiny things like protons? • We don’t understand gravity • e.g take two electrons Peter Watson
- 36. • So what do huge things like galaxies have to do with tiny things like protons? • We don’t understand gravity • e.g take two electrons There are attracted gravitationally Peter Watson
- 37. • So what do huge things like galaxies have to do with tiny things like protons? • We don’t understand gravity • e.g take two electrons There are attracted They are repelled gravitationally electrostatically Peter Watson
- 38. • So what do huge things like galaxies have to do with tiny things like protons? • We don’t understand gravity • e.g take two electrons There are attracted They are repelled gravitationally electrostatically However the electric force is 4000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 larger Peter Watson
- 39. • So what do huge things like galaxies have to do with tiny things like protons? • We don’t understand gravity • e.g take two electrons There are attracted They are repelled gravitationally electrostatically However the electric force is 4000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 larger Actually 4.2x1042 times larger: Hitchhiker’s Guide fans note! Peter Watson
- 40. • One way out: • Maybe space has more dimensions than 3: • This would make gravity much stronger at short distances: Peter Watson
- 41. If Peter Watson
- 42. If Peter Watson
- 43. • This is true, then we will get a new kind of black holes If • Very small • Very short-lived • This is what it might look like at in ATLAS Peter Watson
- 44. • This is true, then we will get a new kind of black holes If • Very small • Very short-lived • This is what it might look like at in ATLAS Peter Watson
- 45. Peter Watson
- 46. • How do we know they won’t grow and escape and consume the world? Peter Watson
- 47. • How do we know they won’t grow and escape and consume the world? • The theory that predicts them predicts they will decay (easy come, easy go!) Peter Watson
- 48. • How do we know they won’t grow and escape and consume the world? • The theory that predicts them predicts they will decay (easy come, easy go!) • but better: nature has been doing this experiment for 14 billion years with cosmic rays • and we are still here! Peter Watson
- 49. Peter Watson
- 50. • SO if they exist, the world has 3..4 or 5 or 6 dimensions Peter Watson
- 51. • SO if they exist, the world has 3..4 or 5 or 6 dimensions • Thanks to Don Monet, John Flynn for the invitation Peter Watson
- 52. • SO if they exist, the world has 3..4 or 5 or 6 dimensions • Thanks to Don Monet, John Flynn for the invitation Peter Watson
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