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Taariikhda iyo Dhaqanka
Soomaalida




  ¡ 




              Presented by: Marian Hassan
                    February 22, 2013 1
Aqoon La aan waa Iftiin La aan
          Ignorance is darkness




2/27/13                                    2
2/27/13   3
2/27/13   4
Objectives:

          §    Provide Historical Overview of the
                Somali Culture
          §    Share Insights about the Heart of
                the Somali Culture
          §    Understand the Somali Experience
                in Minnesota
          §    Offer culturally sensitive strategies
                to working with English language
                learners in your classrooms.
2/27/13                                                 5
Somalia
l  Pop: Approx. 10 million
l  Located in Horn of Africa
l  Government: Newly
    formed Central
    government
l  Regional and local
    governing bodies exist
    and control various
    regions of the country.
      –  Republic of Somaliland
      –  State of Puntland
Historical Overview:
          ¡    The Development of the Somali people dates back
                to the 6th Century
          ¡    Intermix of indigenous Cushitic people and Arab/
                Persians.
          ¡    Somali Culture is based on Pastoral Nomadism
          ¡    1880s-1960 Colonial Presence in Somalia
          ¡    1960 Somalia became independent Republic
          ¡    1969-1991 Military Government
          ¡    1991-Present—No Central Government




2/27/13                                                        7
Colonial History 1869-1960




2/27/13                                8
1960 Somalia Gained
          Independency-




2/27/13                         9
Somalia before the war..




2/27/13                              10
2/27/13   11
2/27/13   12
2/27/13   13
At the moment…
1.4 Million IDPs in Somalia
570,000 Somalis live as refugees in
   neighboring countries




2/27/13                                  15
Waiting in-line for food ration




2/27/13                                     16
Hager deer refugee camp
          Newly Arrived Somali Refugees waiting inline for
          settlement office to open for registration



2/27/13                                                      17
2/27/13   18
2/27/13   19
2/27/13   20
½ A million Somalis live the Diaspora
The Heart of the Somali Culture:
          1.    Religion
          2.    Family
          3.    Oral Language




2/27/13                                      22
Religion




2/27/13              23
Family Structure

          ¡  Historian
                     Charles Gesheter notes
           when Somalis meet they don t ask
            where are you from? —but rather
            tol maad tahay (What is your
           Lineage?) .
          So genealogy is to Somalis what an
           address is to Americans!



2/27/13                                        24
Oral Language

          ¡  Somali  people speak one language.
          ¡  Nation of poets----

          ¡  Oral language until 1972 when the
              Somali language was first written




2/27/13                                            25
The Somali Experience in Minnesota

          ¡    Displacement- forced leave, long
                separations, post war trauma and culture
                shock
          ¡    Mental Illness
          ¡    Language Barrier
          ¡    Role Changes -parent/child, male/
                female, etc.
          ¡    Race/Ethnicity issues
          ¡    Post 9/11 backlash and concern for
                personal safety


2/27/13                                                26
Trauma and PTSD

¡  Refugee  children often suffer from
    severe post-trauma and stress
    disorders, unlikely to learn well in
    traditional school environment
¡  Trauma Exposure

¡  Post-settlement

¡  Discrimination
Different kind of education…

          q    Religious school (Koran or Dugsi)
          q    Formal schooling
          q    Informal learning and role modeling
                (waano, wax sheeg, gabay, geeraar, iyo
                sheeko)




2/27/13                                                  28
Who is responsible for educating the
          young?

            q  Mothers    are caretakers and educators
                of the children.
            q  Fathers are breadwinners and
                navigators of the outside realm, schools
                included.
            q  Extended family members such as
                aunts, uncles, grandparents, older
                siblings, neighbors, and clan members.


2/27/13                                                29
Culturally Responsive Teaching
Strategies
1. Involving the Parents
2. Communicating High Expectations
3. Involving and Valuing the First
  Language and Culture
4. Examining The Effects of Cultural
  Differences
5. Are Student-centred and
  Constructivist
Adapted from: (Principles for Culturally Responsive Teaching, 2006)
Questions?



           Contact:
           Marian Hassan
           Educational Consultant
           (651) 214-2603
           mhassan1@yahoo.com


2/27/13                             31

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Overview of somali history and culture 2.22.13

  • 1. Taariikhda iyo Dhaqanka Soomaalida ¡  Presented by: Marian Hassan February 22, 2013 1
  • 2. Aqoon La aan waa Iftiin La aan Ignorance is darkness 2/27/13 2
  • 5. Objectives: §  Provide Historical Overview of the Somali Culture §  Share Insights about the Heart of the Somali Culture §  Understand the Somali Experience in Minnesota §  Offer culturally sensitive strategies to working with English language learners in your classrooms. 2/27/13 5
  • 6. Somalia l  Pop: Approx. 10 million l  Located in Horn of Africa l  Government: Newly formed Central government l  Regional and local governing bodies exist and control various regions of the country. –  Republic of Somaliland –  State of Puntland
  • 7. Historical Overview: ¡  The Development of the Somali people dates back to the 6th Century ¡  Intermix of indigenous Cushitic people and Arab/ Persians. ¡  Somali Culture is based on Pastoral Nomadism ¡  1880s-1960 Colonial Presence in Somalia ¡  1960 Somalia became independent Republic ¡  1969-1991 Military Government ¡  1991-Present—No Central Government 2/27/13 7
  • 9. 1960 Somalia Gained Independency- 2/27/13 9
  • 10. Somalia before the war.. 2/27/13 10
  • 11. 2/27/13 11
  • 12. 2/27/13 12
  • 13. 2/27/13 13
  • 14. At the moment… 1.4 Million IDPs in Somalia
  • 15. 570,000 Somalis live as refugees in neighboring countries 2/27/13 15
  • 16. Waiting in-line for food ration 2/27/13 16
  • 17. Hager deer refugee camp Newly Arrived Somali Refugees waiting inline for settlement office to open for registration 2/27/13 17
  • 18. 2/27/13 18
  • 19. 2/27/13 19
  • 20. 2/27/13 20
  • 21. ½ A million Somalis live the Diaspora
  • 22. The Heart of the Somali Culture: 1.  Religion 2.  Family 3.  Oral Language 2/27/13 22
  • 24. Family Structure ¡  Historian Charles Gesheter notes when Somalis meet they don t ask where are you from? —but rather tol maad tahay (What is your Lineage?) . So genealogy is to Somalis what an address is to Americans! 2/27/13 24
  • 25. Oral Language ¡  Somali people speak one language. ¡  Nation of poets---- ¡  Oral language until 1972 when the Somali language was first written 2/27/13 25
  • 26. The Somali Experience in Minnesota ¡  Displacement- forced leave, long separations, post war trauma and culture shock ¡  Mental Illness ¡  Language Barrier ¡  Role Changes -parent/child, male/ female, etc. ¡  Race/Ethnicity issues ¡  Post 9/11 backlash and concern for personal safety 2/27/13 26
  • 27. Trauma and PTSD ¡  Refugee children often suffer from severe post-trauma and stress disorders, unlikely to learn well in traditional school environment ¡  Trauma Exposure ¡  Post-settlement ¡  Discrimination
  • 28. Different kind of education… q  Religious school (Koran or Dugsi) q  Formal schooling q  Informal learning and role modeling (waano, wax sheeg, gabay, geeraar, iyo sheeko) 2/27/13 28
  • 29. Who is responsible for educating the young? q  Mothers are caretakers and educators of the children. q  Fathers are breadwinners and navigators of the outside realm, schools included. q  Extended family members such as aunts, uncles, grandparents, older siblings, neighbors, and clan members. 2/27/13 29
  • 30. Culturally Responsive Teaching Strategies 1. Involving the Parents 2. Communicating High Expectations 3. Involving and Valuing the First Language and Culture 4. Examining The Effects of Cultural Differences 5. Are Student-centred and Constructivist Adapted from: (Principles for Culturally Responsive Teaching, 2006)
  • 31. Questions? Contact: Marian Hassan Educational Consultant (651) 214-2603 mhassan1@yahoo.com 2/27/13 31