COPD is a chronic lung disease that makes it hard to breathe. It involves damage to the lungs and airways that gets worse over time. The two main types are emphysema, which destroys lung tissue, and chronic bronchitis, which involves long-term inflammation of the airways. Symptoms include wheezing, a chronic cough, excess mucus, and shortness of breath. Treatments include bronchodilators, anti-inflammatory drugs, and oxygen therapy to help manage symptoms. More research is still needed to fully understand all factors that contribute to COPD.

1. What is COPD? Jenn Santana

2. What you need to know… COPD is an acronym for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary disease Progressive disease Chronic (long time) and obstructive (blocks airways) being the main terms Not necessarily a smokers disease but is very high in smokers Also, exposure to other lung irritants, such as air pollution, chemical fumes, or dust, also may contribute to COPD

3. Lung Cycle...

4. Lung Overview Air intake in windpipe down to tubes in lungs Within the lungs, bronchial tubes branch off The oxygen in the air passes through the air sac walls into the blood in the capillaries. Carbon dioxide moves from the capillaries Air sac fills up with air like a small balloon In COPD, less air flows in and out of the airways

5. *The above picture (left) is that of a normal lung *The one on the right is a lung with COPD. Note the arrows

6. Different types of COPD Emphysema -Enlargement of air sacs -Reduction of surface area -Reduced elasticity -Collapsed lungs - Causes “Pink puffers” Chronic bronchitis -Inflamed neutrophils (cells) -Excessive mucus -Results into destruction of cilia -Cilia unable to function leads to infections

7. Lungs Lung with Emphysema Healthy Lung

8. Chronic Bronchitis

9. Do I have COPD? The body's attempt to compensate for a damaged respiratory system. Some signs and symptoms are: 1.Wheezing - high-pitched sound of air passing through narrowed airways 2. Barrel Chest - the chest wall is enlarged, making breathing muscles (muscles in the neck, upper chest, and between the ribs) less efficient as well 3.Chronic Cough - a morning cough and slowly progresses to an all-day cough. - cough usually produces small amounts of sputum and is clear or whitish but may be discolored

10. The Differences…

11. Treatments COPD treatments include: - Bronchodilators (medication that treat constricted bronchi) - Anti-Inflammatory Agents - Mucolytics - Antibiotics -Oxygen treatments

12. Research Most factors are not fully understood Additional studies are focused on other studies such as biochemical markers, lung inflammation, heredity and other factors in the disease process