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Jeff D. Kelley, Petrophysicist, HighMount E&P Explaining Techniques for Determining Brittleness That Have Proven Successful In The Permian Basin To Accurately Predict How Rocks Might Fail Under Stimulation
•  Petrophysical Calculations for Brittleness •  Core Data Comparison •  Brittleness Best Practice •  Permian Wolfcamp Frac Lookback TOPICS:
Geomechanical Calculations
0.00E+00 2.00E+06 4.00E+06 6.00E+06 8.00E+06 1.00E+07 1.20E+07 1.40E+07 0.00E+00 4.00E+06 8.00E+06 DynamicYME Static YME Young's Modulus Dynamic vs. Static Glasscock_1 Upton_1 Irion_1 Crockett_1 Irion_2 Reagan_1 Crockett_2 Reagan_2 0.00E+00 2.00E+06 4.00E+06 6.00E+06 8.00E+06 1.00E+07 1.20E+07 1.40E+07 0.00E+00 4.00E+06 8.00E+06 DynamicYME Static YME Young's Modulus Corrected Glasscock_1 Upton_1 Irion_1 Crockett_1 Irion_2 Reagan_1 Crockett_2 Reagan_2 Geomechanical Calculation YME Correction
Wolfcamp Core Porosity Data
Geomechanical Interpretation •  Anisotropic model (3D) is essential to quantify stress in shale (difference in psi shown) •  3D stress analysis only possible with SLB sonic scanner •  High anisotropy often indicates fractures correlative to isotropic model results Brittleness Anisotropic Isotropic 220 psi 412 psi 440 psi 365 psi 827 psi 813 psi 525 psi 448 psi 385 psi 29 psi -54 psi 64 psi34 psi Waters, et al 2011
Geomechanical Implications
Geomechanical Effect of Anisotropy Rich, et al 2010 Stage 1 & 2 Stage 3 & 4
HighMount Sonora Acreage Ozona Arch CentralBasin Platform Midland BasinDelaware Basin Eastern Shelf Northwest Shelf Diablo Platform Marathon Thrust Belt
University South Drilling
University South Drilling University South 8-3 University South 8-2University South 9-1 University South 9-2
University South Vertical Well Data
University South 8-3H
University South Frac Modeling
University South Frac Modeling US_9.1H (SP8.1) MG / 4_60_DVN03.0_S01 Fracture Penetration (ft) 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200 1250 1300 1350 1400 1450 171.43 min TVD ft 5350 5375 5400 5425 5450 5475 5500 5525 5550 5575 5600 5625 5650 5675 5700 5725 5750 5775 5800 5825 5850 5875 5900 5925 5950 5975 6000 6025 6050 6075 6100 6125 6150 6175 6200 6225 6250 6275 Stress (psi) 3100 3300 3500 3700 3900 4100 4300 4500 4700 4900 0.000 25.227 50.454 75.681 100.908 126.135 151.363 176.590 201.817 227.044 252.271 Conductivitymd-ft US_9.1H (SP8.1) MG / 4_60_DVN03.0_S01 Fracture Penetration (ft) 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200 1250 1300 1350 1400 1450 171.43 min TVD ft 5350 5375 5400 5425 5450 5475 5500 5525 5550 5575 5600 5625 5650 5675 5700 5725 5750 5775 5800 5825 5850 5875 5900 5925 5950 5975 6000 6025 6050 6075 6100 6125 6150 6175 6200 6225 6250 6275 Stress (psi) 3100 3300 3500 3700 3900 4100 4300 4500 4700 4900 0.000 16.915 33.830 50.745 67.661 84.576 101.491 118.406 135.321 152.236 169.152 Conductivitymd-ft US_9.1H (SP8.1) MG / 4_60_DVN03.0_S01 Fracture Penetration (ft) 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200 1250 1300 1350 1400 1450 171.43 min TVD ft 5350 5375 5400 5425 5450 5475 5500 5525 5550 5575 5600 5625 5650 5675 5700 5725 5750 5775 5800 5825 5850 5875 5900 5925 5950 5975 6000 6025 6050 6075 6100 6125 6150 6175 6200 6225 6250 6275 Stress (psi) 3100 3300 3500 3700 3900 4100 4300 4500 4700 4900 0.000 16.192 32.384 48.576 64.768 80.960 97.152 113.344 129.536 145.728 161.920 Conductivitymd-ft US_9.1H (SP8.1) MG / 4_60_DVN03.0_S01 Fracture Penetration (ft) 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200 1250 1300 1350 1400 1450 171.43 min TVD ft 5350 5375 5400 5425 5450 5475 5500 5525 5550 5575 5600 5625 5650 5675 5700 5725 5750 5775 5800 5825 5850 5875 5900 5925 5950 5975 6000 6025 6050 6075 6100 6125 6150 6175 6200 6225 6250 6275 Stress (psi) 3100 3300 3500 3700 3900 4100 4300 4500 4700 4900 0.000 9.289 18.579 27.868 37.157 46.447 55.736 65.026 74.315 83.604 92.894 Conductivitymd-ft FlUSH 12.340 12.340 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 3.265 116.034 Slick Water StimFt Loading plgTOplg SOBtm gun1 space1gun2 space2 gun3 space3 gun4 space4gun5 space5gun6 SOTop plgTOplg loading for 4@60 0 252.0 30.0 3.0 60.0 3.0 60.0 3.0 60.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30.0 252.0 loading for 4@100 0 262.0 50.0 3.0 50.0 3.0 50.0 3.0 50.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50.0 262.0 17.8% % Pad 0 2040 12.34 hole volume mgal to top perf 0 3050 52 total pad mgal 69 4070 1.3 HOURS 42 conversion 95 100 60 conversion 293 total slurry mgal 164 80.384 80 mgal mgal bpm klbs min min STAGESLURRY CLEAN PPG STARTPPG END RATE FINES PROP STG PUMPTIME CUMTIME FLUID PROPTYPE 1 1.300 1.300 0.00 0.00 10 0 0.000 3.095 3.100 Slick Water Pad1 2 3.400 3.400 0.00 0.00 30 0 0.000 2.698 5.800 Slick Water Acid 3 35.000 35.000 0.00 0.00 30 0 0.000 10.952 16.700 Slick Water Pad2 4 6.978 6.900 0.25 0.25 90 0 1.700 1.846 18.600 Slick Water mesh 80-100 5 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 20.400 Slick Water Sweep 6 14.113 13.800 0.50 0.50 90 0 6.900 3.733 24.100 Slick Water mesh 80-100 7 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 26.000 Slick Water Sweep 8 14.269 13.800 0.75 0.75 90 0 10.400 3.775 29.700 Slick Water mesh 80-100 9 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 31.600 Slick Water Sweep 10 14.425 13.800 1.00 1.00 90 0 13.800 3.816 35.400 Slick Water mesh 80-100 11 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 37.200 Slick Water Sweep 12 14.581 13.800 1.25 1.25 90 0 17.300 3.858 41.100 Slick Water mesh 80-100 13 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 42.900 Slick Water Sweep 14 14.738 13.800 1.50 1.50 90 0 20.700 3.899 46.800 Slick Water mesh 80-100 15 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 48.600 Slick Water Sweep 16 14.894 13.800 1.75 1.75 90 0 24.200 3.940 52.600 Slick Water mesh 80-100 17 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 54.400 Slick Water Sweep 18 14.113 13.800 0.50 0.50 90 0 6.900 3.733 58.100 Slick Water mesh 40-70 19 14.269 13.800 0.75 0.75 90 0 10.400 3.775 61.900 Slick Water mesh 40-70 20 14.425 13.800 1.00 1.00 90 0 13.800 3.816 65.700 Slick Water mesh 40-70 21 14.581 13.800 1.25 1.25 90 0 17.300 3.858 69.600 Slick Water mesh 40-70 22 13.800 13.800 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 3.651 73.200 Slick Water mesh 40-70 23 14.738 13.800 1.50 1.50 90 0 20.700 3.899 77.100 Slick Water mesh 40-70 US_9.1H (SP8.1) MG / 4_060_MAR 7.2.1_S01 Fracture Penetration (ft) 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200 1250 1300 1350 1400 1450 273.24 min TVD ft 5350 5375 5400 5425 5450 5475 5500 5525 5550 5575 5600 5625 5650 5675 5700 5725 5750 5775 5800 5825 5850 5875 5900 5925 5950 5975 6000 6025 6050 6075 6100 6125 6150 6175 6200 6225 6250 6275 Stress (psi) 3100 3300 3500 3700 3900 4100 4300 4500 4700 4900 0.000 35.729 71.458 107.187 142.916 178.645 214.373 250.102 285.831 321.560 357.289 Conductivitymd-ft US_9.1H (SP8.1) MG / 4_060_MAR 7.2.1_S01 Fracture Penetration (ft) 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200 1250 1300 1350 1400 1450 273.24 min TVD ft 5350 5375 5400 5425 5450 5475 5500 5525 5550 5575 5600 5625 5650 5675 5700 5725 5750 5775 5800 5825 5850 5875 5900 5925 5950 5975 6000 6025 6050 6075 6100 6125 6150 6175 6200 6225 6250 6275 Stress (psi) 3100 3300 3500 3700 3900 4100 4300 4500 4700 4900 0.000 38.186 76.373 114.559 152.746 190.932 229.119 267.305 305.492 343.678 381.865 Conductivitymd-ft US_9.1H (SP8.1) MG / 4_060_MAR 7.2.1_S01 Fracture Penetration (ft) 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200 1250 1300 1350 1400 1450 273.24 min TVD ft 5350 5375 5400 5425 5450 5475 5500 5525 5550 5575 5600 5625 5650 5675 5700 5725 5750 5775 5800 5825 5850 5875 5900 5925 5950 5975 6000 6025 6050 6075 6100 6125 6150 6175 6200 6225 6250 6275 Stress (psi) 3100 3300 3500 3700 3900 4100 4300 4500 4700 4900 0.000 37.106 74.212 111.318 148.424 185.530 222.637 259.743 296.849 333.955 371.061 Conductivitymd-ft US_9.1H (SP8.1) MG / 4_060_MAR 7.2.1_S01 Fracture Penetration (ft) 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200 1250 1300 1350 1400 1450 273.24 min TVD ft 5350 5375 5400 5425 5450 5475 5500 5525 5550 5575 5600 5625 5650 5675 5700 5725 5750 5775 5800 5825 5850 5875 5900 5925 5950 5975 6000 6025 6050 6075 6100 6125 6150 6175 6200 6225 6250 6275 Stress (psi) 3100 3300 3500 3700 3900 4100 4300 4500 4700 4900 0.000 31.652 63.305 94.957 126.610 158.262 189.915 221.567 253.220 284.872 316.525 Conductivitymd-ft US_9.1H (SP8.1) MG / 4_060_SW9.0_S01 Fracture Penetration (ft) 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 514.27 min TVD ft 5275 5300 5325 5350 5375 5400 5425 5450 5475 5500 5525 5550 5575 5600 5625 5650 5675 5700 5725 5750 5775 5800 5825 5850 5875 5900 5925 5950 5975 6000 6025 6050 6075 6100 6125 6150 6175 6200 6225 6250 6275 6300 6325 6350 6375 Stress (psi) 2200 2800 3400 4000 4600 5200 5800 WFCP_04 0.000 169.616 339.232 508.848 678.464 848.080 1017.696 1187.312 1356.928 1526.544 1696.160 Conductivitymd-ft US_9.1H (SP8.1) MG / 4_060_SW9.0_S01 Fracture Penetration (ft) 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 514.27 min TVD ft 5275 5300 5325 5350 5375 5400 5425 5450 5475 5500 5525 5550 5575 5600 5625 5650 5675 5700 5725 5750 5775 5800 5825 5850 5875 5900 5925 5950 5975 6000 6025 6050 6075 6100 6125 6150 6175 6200 6225 6250 6275 6300 6325 6350 6375 Stress (psi) 2200 2800 3400 4000 4600 5200 5800 WFCP_04 0.000 53.341 106.682 160.022 213.363 266.704 320.045 373.385 426.726 480.067 533.408 Conductivitymd-ft US_9.1H (SP8.1) MG / 4_060_SW9.0_S01 Fracture Penetration (ft) 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 514.27 min TVD ft 5275 5300 5325 5350 5375 5400 5425 5450 5475 5500 5525 5550 5575 5600 5625 5650 5675 5700 5725 5750 5775 5800 5825 5850 5875 5900 5925 5950 5975 6000 6025 6050 6075 6100 6125 6150 6175 6200 6225 6250 6275 6300 6325 6350 6375 Stress (psi) 2200 2800 3400 4000 4600 5200 5800 WFCP_04 0.000 37.399 74.797 112.196 149.595 186.993 224.392 261.790 299.189 336.588 373.986 Conductivitymd-ft US_9.1H (SP8.1) MG / 4_060_SW9.0_S01 Fracture Penetration (ft) 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 514.27 min TVD ft 5275 5300 5325 5350 5375 5400 5425 5450 5475 5500 5525 5550 5575 5600 5625 5650 5675 5700 5725 5750 5775 5800 5825 5850 5875 5900 5925 5950 5975 6000 6025 6050 6075 6100 6125 6150 6175 6200 6225 6250 6275 6300 6325 6350 6375 Stress (psi) 2200 2800 3400 4000 4600 5200 5800 WFCP_04 0.000 74.880 149.760 224.641 299.521 374.401 449.281 524.162 599.042 673.922 748.802 Conductivitymd-ft FlUSH 12.220 12.220 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 3.265 116.034 Slick Water StimFt Loading plgTOplg SOBtm gun1 space1gun2 space2 gun3 space3 gun4 space4gun5 space5gun6 SOTop plgTOplg loading for 4@60 10,127 252.0 30.0 3.0 60.0 3.0 60.0 3.0 60.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30.0 252.0 loading for 4@100 9,740 262.0 50.0 3.0 50.0 3.0 50.0 3.0 50.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50.0 262.0 1.4% % Pad 0 2040 12.22 hole volume mgal to top perf 0 3050 26 total pad mgal 2420 4070 8.3 HOURS 42 conversion 102 100 60 conversion 1854 total slurry mgal 2552 495.177 495 mgal mgal bpm klbs min min STAGESLURRY CLEAN PPG STARTPPG END RATE FINES PROP STG PUMPTIME CUMTIME FLUID PROPTYPE 1 0.400 0.400 0.00 0.00 10 0 0.000 0.952 1.000 Slick Water 100 80-100 2 3.400 3.400 0.00 0.00 30 0 0.000 2.698 3.600 Slick Water 100 80-100 3 10.000 10.000 0.00 0.00 30 0 0.000 7.937 11.600 Slick Water 100 80-100 4 130.000 130.000 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 34.392 46.000 Slick Water 100 80-100 5 130.000 130.000 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 34.392 80.400 Slick Water 100 80-100 6 40.906 40.000 0.50 0.50 90 0 20.000 10.822 91.200 Slick Water 100 80-100 7 10.000 10.000 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 2.646 93.800 Slick Water 100 80-100 8 41.450 40.000 0.80 0.80 90 0 32.000 10.966 104.800 Slick Water 100 80-100 9 10.000 10.000 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 2.646 107.500 Slick Water 100 80-100 10 52.265 50.000 1.00 1.00 90 0 50.000 13.827 121.300 Slick Water 100 80-100 11 10.000 10.000 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 2.646 123.900 Slick Water 100 80-100 12 10.227 10.000 0.50 0.50 90 0 5.000 2.705 126.600 Slick Water mesh 40-70 13 5.000 5.000 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.323 128.000 Slick Water mesh 40-70 14 10.453 10.000 1.00 1.00 90 0 10.000 2.765 130.700 Slick Water mesh 40-70 15 5.000 5.000 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.323 132.000 Slick Water mesh 40-70 16 10.680 10.000 1.50 1.50 90 0 15.000 2.825 134.900 Slick Water mesh 40-70 17 5.000 5.000 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.323 136.200 Slick Water mesh 40-70 18 10.906 10.000 2.00 2.00 90 0 20.000 2.885 139.100 Slick Water mesh 40-70 19 5.000 5.000 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.323 140.400 Slick Water mesh 40-70 20 436.241 400.000 2.00 2.00 90 0 800.000 115.408 255.800 Slick Water mesh 40-70 21 10.000 10.000 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 2.646 258.400 Slick Water mesh 40-70 22 436.241 400.000 2.00 2.00 90 0 800.000 115.408 373.900 Slick Water mesh 40-70 23 10.000 10.000 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 2.646 376.500 Slick Water mesh 40-70 24 436.241 400.000 2.00 2.00 90 0 800.000 115.408 491.900 Slick Water mesh 40-70 FlUSH 12.220 12.220 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 3.233 Slick Water StimFt Loading plgTOplg SOBtm gun1 space1gun2 space2 gun3 space3 gun4 space4gun5 space5gun6 SOTop plgTOplg loading for 4@60 0 252.0 30.0 3.0 60.0 3.0 60.0 3.0 60.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30.0 252.0 loading for 4@100 0 262.0 50.0 3.0 50.0 3.0 50.0 3.0 50.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50.0 262.0 17.1% % Pad 0 2040 12.22 hole volume mgal to top perf 0 3050 52 total pad mgal 73 4070 1.7 HOURS 42 conversion 136 100 60 conversion 304 total slurry mgal 209 102.159 102 mgal mgal bpm klbs min min STAGESLURRY CLEAN PPG STARTPPG END RATE FINES PROP STG PUMPTIME CUMTIME FLUID PROPTYPE 1 1.300 1.300 0.00 0.00 10 0 0.000 3.095 3.100 Slick Water Pad 2 3.400 3.400 0.00 0.00 30 0 0.000 2.698 5.800 Slick Water Acid 3 35.000 35.000 0.00 0.00 30 0 0.000 27.778 33.600 Slick Water Pad 4 6.978 6.900 0.25 0.25 90 0 1.700 1.846 35.400 Slick Water mesh 80-100 5 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 37.200 Slick Water Sweep 6 14.113 13.800 0.50 0.50 90 0 6.900 3.733 41.000 Slick Water mesh 80-100 7 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 42.800 Slick Water Sweep 8 14.269 13.800 0.75 0.75 90 0 10.400 3.775 46.600 Slick Water mesh 80-100 9 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 48.400 Slick Water Sweep 10 14.425 13.800 1.00 1.00 90 0 13.800 3.816 52.200 Slick Water mesh 80-100 11 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 54.000 Slick Water Sweep 12 14.581 13.800 1.25 1.25 90 0 17.300 3.858 57.900 Slick Water mesh 80-100 13 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 59.700 Slick Water Sweep 14 14.738 13.800 1.50 1.50 90 0 20.700 3.899 63.600 Slick Water mesh 80-100 15 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 65.400 Slick Water Sweep 16 14.894 13.800 1.75 1.75 90 0 24.200 3.940 69.400 Slick Water mesh 80-100 17 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 71.200 Slick Water Pad 18 15.675 13.800 3.00 3.00 90 0 41.400 4.147 75.400 Slick Water mesh 80-100 19 15.000 15.000 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 3.968 79.300 30# X-Link Diverting Pill 20 15.000 15.000 0.00 0.00 60 0 0.000 5.952 85.300 30# X-Link Diverting Pill 21 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 87.100 Slick Water Pad 22 14.581 13.800 1.25 1.25 90 0 17.300 3.858 91.000 Slick Water mesh white 40-70 23 14.894 13.800 1.75 1.75 90 0 24.200 3.940 94.900 Slick Water mesh white 40-70 24 15.207 13.800 2.25 2.25 90 0 31.100 4.023 98.900 Slick Water mesh white 40-70
University South 9-2H
University South 8-3H
University South 8-3H
Depth! Lithology! Isotropic! Anisotropic! Measured!Iso Diff! aniso Diff!iso/aniso Diff! aniso/meas Diff! 4,680!Marble Falls Shale! 0.801! 0.848! 0.88! -0.079! -0.032! 220! 150! 4,683!Marble Falls Lime! 0.799! 0.887! 0.895! -0.096! -0.008! 412! 37! 4,732.40!Siliceous Barnett! 0.737! 0.83! 0.702! 0.035! 0.128! 440! -606! 4,745!Siliceous Barnett! 0.732! 0.809! 0.83! -0.098! -0.021! 365! 100! 4,806!Argillaceous Barnett! 0.749! 0.921! 0.954! -0.205! -0.033! 827! 159! 4,811!Argillaceous Barnett! 0.756! 0.925! 0.83! -0.074! 0.095! 813! -457! 4,865!Argillaceous Barnett! 0.767! 0.875! 0.912! -0.145! -0.037! 525! 180! 4,869.30!Siliceous Barnett! 0.758! 0.85! 0.83! -0.072! 0.02! 448! -97! 4,874.50!Ellenberger Dolomite! 0.758! 0.837! 0.83! -0.072! 0.007! 385! -34! 4,878.50!Ellenberger Dolomite! 0.803! 0.809! 0.83! -0.027! -0.021! 29! 102! 4,895!Ellenberger Dolomite! 0.843! 0.832! 0.853! -0.01! -0.021! -54! 103! 4,905!Ellenberger Lime! 0.839! 0.852! 0.85! -0.011! 0.002! 64! -10! 4,908!Ellenberger Lime! 0.829! 0.836! 0.82! 0.009! 0.016! 34! -79!
University South 8-2H
University South 9-1H

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45-1430-jeff-kelley-geological-petrophysicist-highmount-eandp

  • 1. Jeff D. Kelley, Petrophysicist, HighMount E&P Explaining Techniques for Determining Brittleness That Have Proven Successful In The Permian Basin To Accurately Predict How Rocks Might Fail Under Stimulation
  • 2. •  Petrophysical Calculations for Brittleness •  Core Data Comparison •  Brittleness Best Practice •  Permian Wolfcamp Frac Lookback TOPICS:
  • 4. 0.00E+00 2.00E+06 4.00E+06 6.00E+06 8.00E+06 1.00E+07 1.20E+07 1.40E+07 0.00E+00 4.00E+06 8.00E+06 DynamicYME Static YME Young's Modulus Dynamic vs. Static Glasscock_1 Upton_1 Irion_1 Crockett_1 Irion_2 Reagan_1 Crockett_2 Reagan_2 0.00E+00 2.00E+06 4.00E+06 6.00E+06 8.00E+06 1.00E+07 1.20E+07 1.40E+07 0.00E+00 4.00E+06 8.00E+06 DynamicYME Static YME Young's Modulus Corrected Glasscock_1 Upton_1 Irion_1 Crockett_1 Irion_2 Reagan_1 Crockett_2 Reagan_2 Geomechanical Calculation YME Correction
  • 6. Geomechanical Interpretation •  Anisotropic model (3D) is essential to quantify stress in shale (difference in psi shown) •  3D stress analysis only possible with SLB sonic scanner •  High anisotropy often indicates fractures correlative to isotropic model results Brittleness Anisotropic Isotropic 220 psi 412 psi 440 psi 365 psi 827 psi 813 psi 525 psi 448 psi 385 psi 29 psi -54 psi 64 psi34 psi Waters, et al 2011
  • 8. Geomechanical Effect of Anisotropy Rich, et al 2010 Stage 1 & 2 Stage 3 & 4
  • 11. University South Drilling University South 8-3 University South 8-2University South 9-1 University South 9-2
  • 15. University South Frac Modeling US_9.1H (SP8.1) MG / 4_60_DVN03.0_S01 Fracture Penetration (ft) 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200 1250 1300 1350 1400 1450 171.43 min TVD ft 5350 5375 5400 5425 5450 5475 5500 5525 5550 5575 5600 5625 5650 5675 5700 5725 5750 5775 5800 5825 5850 5875 5900 5925 5950 5975 6000 6025 6050 6075 6100 6125 6150 6175 6200 6225 6250 6275 Stress (psi) 3100 3300 3500 3700 3900 4100 4300 4500 4700 4900 0.000 25.227 50.454 75.681 100.908 126.135 151.363 176.590 201.817 227.044 252.271 Conductivitymd-ft US_9.1H (SP8.1) MG / 4_60_DVN03.0_S01 Fracture Penetration (ft) 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200 1250 1300 1350 1400 1450 171.43 min TVD ft 5350 5375 5400 5425 5450 5475 5500 5525 5550 5575 5600 5625 5650 5675 5700 5725 5750 5775 5800 5825 5850 5875 5900 5925 5950 5975 6000 6025 6050 6075 6100 6125 6150 6175 6200 6225 6250 6275 Stress (psi) 3100 3300 3500 3700 3900 4100 4300 4500 4700 4900 0.000 16.915 33.830 50.745 67.661 84.576 101.491 118.406 135.321 152.236 169.152 Conductivitymd-ft US_9.1H (SP8.1) MG / 4_60_DVN03.0_S01 Fracture Penetration (ft) 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200 1250 1300 1350 1400 1450 171.43 min TVD ft 5350 5375 5400 5425 5450 5475 5500 5525 5550 5575 5600 5625 5650 5675 5700 5725 5750 5775 5800 5825 5850 5875 5900 5925 5950 5975 6000 6025 6050 6075 6100 6125 6150 6175 6200 6225 6250 6275 Stress (psi) 3100 3300 3500 3700 3900 4100 4300 4500 4700 4900 0.000 16.192 32.384 48.576 64.768 80.960 97.152 113.344 129.536 145.728 161.920 Conductivitymd-ft US_9.1H (SP8.1) MG / 4_60_DVN03.0_S01 Fracture Penetration (ft) 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200 1250 1300 1350 1400 1450 171.43 min TVD ft 5350 5375 5400 5425 5450 5475 5500 5525 5550 5575 5600 5625 5650 5675 5700 5725 5750 5775 5800 5825 5850 5875 5900 5925 5950 5975 6000 6025 6050 6075 6100 6125 6150 6175 6200 6225 6250 6275 Stress (psi) 3100 3300 3500 3700 3900 4100 4300 4500 4700 4900 0.000 9.289 18.579 27.868 37.157 46.447 55.736 65.026 74.315 83.604 92.894 Conductivitymd-ft FlUSH 12.340 12.340 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 3.265 116.034 Slick Water StimFt Loading plgTOplg SOBtm gun1 space1gun2 space2 gun3 space3 gun4 space4gun5 space5gun6 SOTop plgTOplg loading for 4@60 0 252.0 30.0 3.0 60.0 3.0 60.0 3.0 60.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30.0 252.0 loading for 4@100 0 262.0 50.0 3.0 50.0 3.0 50.0 3.0 50.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50.0 262.0 17.8% % Pad 0 2040 12.34 hole volume mgal to top perf 0 3050 52 total pad mgal 69 4070 1.3 HOURS 42 conversion 95 100 60 conversion 293 total slurry mgal 164 80.384 80 mgal mgal bpm klbs min min STAGESLURRY CLEAN PPG STARTPPG END RATE FINES PROP STG PUMPTIME CUMTIME FLUID PROPTYPE 1 1.300 1.300 0.00 0.00 10 0 0.000 3.095 3.100 Slick Water Pad1 2 3.400 3.400 0.00 0.00 30 0 0.000 2.698 5.800 Slick Water Acid 3 35.000 35.000 0.00 0.00 30 0 0.000 10.952 16.700 Slick Water Pad2 4 6.978 6.900 0.25 0.25 90 0 1.700 1.846 18.600 Slick Water mesh 80-100 5 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 20.400 Slick Water Sweep 6 14.113 13.800 0.50 0.50 90 0 6.900 3.733 24.100 Slick Water mesh 80-100 7 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 26.000 Slick Water Sweep 8 14.269 13.800 0.75 0.75 90 0 10.400 3.775 29.700 Slick Water mesh 80-100 9 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 31.600 Slick Water Sweep 10 14.425 13.800 1.00 1.00 90 0 13.800 3.816 35.400 Slick Water mesh 80-100 11 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 37.200 Slick Water Sweep 12 14.581 13.800 1.25 1.25 90 0 17.300 3.858 41.100 Slick Water mesh 80-100 13 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 42.900 Slick Water Sweep 14 14.738 13.800 1.50 1.50 90 0 20.700 3.899 46.800 Slick Water mesh 80-100 15 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 48.600 Slick Water Sweep 16 14.894 13.800 1.75 1.75 90 0 24.200 3.940 52.600 Slick Water mesh 80-100 17 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 54.400 Slick Water Sweep 18 14.113 13.800 0.50 0.50 90 0 6.900 3.733 58.100 Slick Water mesh 40-70 19 14.269 13.800 0.75 0.75 90 0 10.400 3.775 61.900 Slick Water mesh 40-70 20 14.425 13.800 1.00 1.00 90 0 13.800 3.816 65.700 Slick Water mesh 40-70 21 14.581 13.800 1.25 1.25 90 0 17.300 3.858 69.600 Slick Water mesh 40-70 22 13.800 13.800 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 3.651 73.200 Slick Water mesh 40-70 23 14.738 13.800 1.50 1.50 90 0 20.700 3.899 77.100 Slick Water mesh 40-70 US_9.1H (SP8.1) MG / 4_060_MAR 7.2.1_S01 Fracture Penetration (ft) 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200 1250 1300 1350 1400 1450 273.24 min TVD ft 5350 5375 5400 5425 5450 5475 5500 5525 5550 5575 5600 5625 5650 5675 5700 5725 5750 5775 5800 5825 5850 5875 5900 5925 5950 5975 6000 6025 6050 6075 6100 6125 6150 6175 6200 6225 6250 6275 Stress (psi) 3100 3300 3500 3700 3900 4100 4300 4500 4700 4900 0.000 35.729 71.458 107.187 142.916 178.645 214.373 250.102 285.831 321.560 357.289 Conductivitymd-ft US_9.1H (SP8.1) MG / 4_060_MAR 7.2.1_S01 Fracture Penetration (ft) 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200 1250 1300 1350 1400 1450 273.24 min TVD ft 5350 5375 5400 5425 5450 5475 5500 5525 5550 5575 5600 5625 5650 5675 5700 5725 5750 5775 5800 5825 5850 5875 5900 5925 5950 5975 6000 6025 6050 6075 6100 6125 6150 6175 6200 6225 6250 6275 Stress (psi) 3100 3300 3500 3700 3900 4100 4300 4500 4700 4900 0.000 38.186 76.373 114.559 152.746 190.932 229.119 267.305 305.492 343.678 381.865 Conductivitymd-ft US_9.1H (SP8.1) MG / 4_060_MAR 7.2.1_S01 Fracture Penetration (ft) 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200 1250 1300 1350 1400 1450 273.24 min TVD ft 5350 5375 5400 5425 5450 5475 5500 5525 5550 5575 5600 5625 5650 5675 5700 5725 5750 5775 5800 5825 5850 5875 5900 5925 5950 5975 6000 6025 6050 6075 6100 6125 6150 6175 6200 6225 6250 6275 Stress (psi) 3100 3300 3500 3700 3900 4100 4300 4500 4700 4900 0.000 37.106 74.212 111.318 148.424 185.530 222.637 259.743 296.849 333.955 371.061 Conductivitymd-ft US_9.1H (SP8.1) MG / 4_060_MAR 7.2.1_S01 Fracture Penetration (ft) 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200 1250 1300 1350 1400 1450 273.24 min TVD ft 5350 5375 5400 5425 5450 5475 5500 5525 5550 5575 5600 5625 5650 5675 5700 5725 5750 5775 5800 5825 5850 5875 5900 5925 5950 5975 6000 6025 6050 6075 6100 6125 6150 6175 6200 6225 6250 6275 Stress (psi) 3100 3300 3500 3700 3900 4100 4300 4500 4700 4900 0.000 31.652 63.305 94.957 126.610 158.262 189.915 221.567 253.220 284.872 316.525 Conductivitymd-ft US_9.1H (SP8.1) MG / 4_060_SW9.0_S01 Fracture Penetration (ft) 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 514.27 min TVD ft 5275 5300 5325 5350 5375 5400 5425 5450 5475 5500 5525 5550 5575 5600 5625 5650 5675 5700 5725 5750 5775 5800 5825 5850 5875 5900 5925 5950 5975 6000 6025 6050 6075 6100 6125 6150 6175 6200 6225 6250 6275 6300 6325 6350 6375 Stress (psi) 2200 2800 3400 4000 4600 5200 5800 WFCP_04 0.000 169.616 339.232 508.848 678.464 848.080 1017.696 1187.312 1356.928 1526.544 1696.160 Conductivitymd-ft US_9.1H (SP8.1) MG / 4_060_SW9.0_S01 Fracture Penetration (ft) 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 514.27 min TVD ft 5275 5300 5325 5350 5375 5400 5425 5450 5475 5500 5525 5550 5575 5600 5625 5650 5675 5700 5725 5750 5775 5800 5825 5850 5875 5900 5925 5950 5975 6000 6025 6050 6075 6100 6125 6150 6175 6200 6225 6250 6275 6300 6325 6350 6375 Stress (psi) 2200 2800 3400 4000 4600 5200 5800 WFCP_04 0.000 53.341 106.682 160.022 213.363 266.704 320.045 373.385 426.726 480.067 533.408 Conductivitymd-ft US_9.1H (SP8.1) MG / 4_060_SW9.0_S01 Fracture Penetration (ft) 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 514.27 min TVD ft 5275 5300 5325 5350 5375 5400 5425 5450 5475 5500 5525 5550 5575 5600 5625 5650 5675 5700 5725 5750 5775 5800 5825 5850 5875 5900 5925 5950 5975 6000 6025 6050 6075 6100 6125 6150 6175 6200 6225 6250 6275 6300 6325 6350 6375 Stress (psi) 2200 2800 3400 4000 4600 5200 5800 WFCP_04 0.000 37.399 74.797 112.196 149.595 186.993 224.392 261.790 299.189 336.588 373.986 Conductivitymd-ft US_9.1H (SP8.1) MG / 4_060_SW9.0_S01 Fracture Penetration (ft) 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 514.27 min TVD ft 5275 5300 5325 5350 5375 5400 5425 5450 5475 5500 5525 5550 5575 5600 5625 5650 5675 5700 5725 5750 5775 5800 5825 5850 5875 5900 5925 5950 5975 6000 6025 6050 6075 6100 6125 6150 6175 6200 6225 6250 6275 6300 6325 6350 6375 Stress (psi) 2200 2800 3400 4000 4600 5200 5800 WFCP_04 0.000 74.880 149.760 224.641 299.521 374.401 449.281 524.162 599.042 673.922 748.802 Conductivitymd-ft FlUSH 12.220 12.220 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 3.265 116.034 Slick Water StimFt Loading plgTOplg SOBtm gun1 space1gun2 space2 gun3 space3 gun4 space4gun5 space5gun6 SOTop plgTOplg loading for 4@60 10,127 252.0 30.0 3.0 60.0 3.0 60.0 3.0 60.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30.0 252.0 loading for 4@100 9,740 262.0 50.0 3.0 50.0 3.0 50.0 3.0 50.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50.0 262.0 1.4% % Pad 0 2040 12.22 hole volume mgal to top perf 0 3050 26 total pad mgal 2420 4070 8.3 HOURS 42 conversion 102 100 60 conversion 1854 total slurry mgal 2552 495.177 495 mgal mgal bpm klbs min min STAGESLURRY CLEAN PPG STARTPPG END RATE FINES PROP STG PUMPTIME CUMTIME FLUID PROPTYPE 1 0.400 0.400 0.00 0.00 10 0 0.000 0.952 1.000 Slick Water 100 80-100 2 3.400 3.400 0.00 0.00 30 0 0.000 2.698 3.600 Slick Water 100 80-100 3 10.000 10.000 0.00 0.00 30 0 0.000 7.937 11.600 Slick Water 100 80-100 4 130.000 130.000 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 34.392 46.000 Slick Water 100 80-100 5 130.000 130.000 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 34.392 80.400 Slick Water 100 80-100 6 40.906 40.000 0.50 0.50 90 0 20.000 10.822 91.200 Slick Water 100 80-100 7 10.000 10.000 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 2.646 93.800 Slick Water 100 80-100 8 41.450 40.000 0.80 0.80 90 0 32.000 10.966 104.800 Slick Water 100 80-100 9 10.000 10.000 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 2.646 107.500 Slick Water 100 80-100 10 52.265 50.000 1.00 1.00 90 0 50.000 13.827 121.300 Slick Water 100 80-100 11 10.000 10.000 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 2.646 123.900 Slick Water 100 80-100 12 10.227 10.000 0.50 0.50 90 0 5.000 2.705 126.600 Slick Water mesh 40-70 13 5.000 5.000 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.323 128.000 Slick Water mesh 40-70 14 10.453 10.000 1.00 1.00 90 0 10.000 2.765 130.700 Slick Water mesh 40-70 15 5.000 5.000 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.323 132.000 Slick Water mesh 40-70 16 10.680 10.000 1.50 1.50 90 0 15.000 2.825 134.900 Slick Water mesh 40-70 17 5.000 5.000 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.323 136.200 Slick Water mesh 40-70 18 10.906 10.000 2.00 2.00 90 0 20.000 2.885 139.100 Slick Water mesh 40-70 19 5.000 5.000 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.323 140.400 Slick Water mesh 40-70 20 436.241 400.000 2.00 2.00 90 0 800.000 115.408 255.800 Slick Water mesh 40-70 21 10.000 10.000 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 2.646 258.400 Slick Water mesh 40-70 22 436.241 400.000 2.00 2.00 90 0 800.000 115.408 373.900 Slick Water mesh 40-70 23 10.000 10.000 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 2.646 376.500 Slick Water mesh 40-70 24 436.241 400.000 2.00 2.00 90 0 800.000 115.408 491.900 Slick Water mesh 40-70 FlUSH 12.220 12.220 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 3.233 Slick Water StimFt Loading plgTOplg SOBtm gun1 space1gun2 space2 gun3 space3 gun4 space4gun5 space5gun6 SOTop plgTOplg loading for 4@60 0 252.0 30.0 3.0 60.0 3.0 60.0 3.0 60.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30.0 252.0 loading for 4@100 0 262.0 50.0 3.0 50.0 3.0 50.0 3.0 50.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50.0 262.0 17.1% % Pad 0 2040 12.22 hole volume mgal to top perf 0 3050 52 total pad mgal 73 4070 1.7 HOURS 42 conversion 136 100 60 conversion 304 total slurry mgal 209 102.159 102 mgal mgal bpm klbs min min STAGESLURRY CLEAN PPG STARTPPG END RATE FINES PROP STG PUMPTIME CUMTIME FLUID PROPTYPE 1 1.300 1.300 0.00 0.00 10 0 0.000 3.095 3.100 Slick Water Pad 2 3.400 3.400 0.00 0.00 30 0 0.000 2.698 5.800 Slick Water Acid 3 35.000 35.000 0.00 0.00 30 0 0.000 27.778 33.600 Slick Water Pad 4 6.978 6.900 0.25 0.25 90 0 1.700 1.846 35.400 Slick Water mesh 80-100 5 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 37.200 Slick Water Sweep 6 14.113 13.800 0.50 0.50 90 0 6.900 3.733 41.000 Slick Water mesh 80-100 7 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 42.800 Slick Water Sweep 8 14.269 13.800 0.75 0.75 90 0 10.400 3.775 46.600 Slick Water mesh 80-100 9 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 48.400 Slick Water Sweep 10 14.425 13.800 1.00 1.00 90 0 13.800 3.816 52.200 Slick Water mesh 80-100 11 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 54.000 Slick Water Sweep 12 14.581 13.800 1.25 1.25 90 0 17.300 3.858 57.900 Slick Water mesh 80-100 13 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 59.700 Slick Water Sweep 14 14.738 13.800 1.50 1.50 90 0 20.700 3.899 63.600 Slick Water mesh 80-100 15 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 65.400 Slick Water Sweep 16 14.894 13.800 1.75 1.75 90 0 24.200 3.940 69.400 Slick Water mesh 80-100 17 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 71.200 Slick Water Pad 18 15.675 13.800 3.00 3.00 90 0 41.400 4.147 75.400 Slick Water mesh 80-100 19 15.000 15.000 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 3.968 79.300 30# X-Link Diverting Pill 20 15.000 15.000 0.00 0.00 60 0 0.000 5.952 85.300 30# X-Link Diverting Pill 21 6.900 6.900 0.00 0.00 90 0 0.000 1.825 87.100 Slick Water Pad 22 14.581 13.800 1.25 1.25 90 0 17.300 3.858 91.000 Slick Water mesh white 40-70 23 14.894 13.800 1.75 1.75 90 0 24.200 3.940 94.900 Slick Water mesh white 40-70 24 15.207 13.800 2.25 2.25 90 0 31.100 4.023 98.900 Slick Water mesh white 40-70
  • 19. Depth! Lithology! Isotropic! Anisotropic! Measured!Iso Diff! aniso Diff!iso/aniso Diff! aniso/meas Diff! 4,680!Marble Falls Shale! 0.801! 0.848! 0.88! -0.079! -0.032! 220! 150! 4,683!Marble Falls Lime! 0.799! 0.887! 0.895! -0.096! -0.008! 412! 37! 4,732.40!Siliceous Barnett! 0.737! 0.83! 0.702! 0.035! 0.128! 440! -606! 4,745!Siliceous Barnett! 0.732! 0.809! 0.83! -0.098! -0.021! 365! 100! 4,806!Argillaceous Barnett! 0.749! 0.921! 0.954! -0.205! -0.033! 827! 159! 4,811!Argillaceous Barnett! 0.756! 0.925! 0.83! -0.074! 0.095! 813! -457! 4,865!Argillaceous Barnett! 0.767! 0.875! 0.912! -0.145! -0.037! 525! 180! 4,869.30!Siliceous Barnett! 0.758! 0.85! 0.83! -0.072! 0.02! 448! -97! 4,874.50!Ellenberger Dolomite! 0.758! 0.837! 0.83! -0.072! 0.007! 385! -34! 4,878.50!Ellenberger Dolomite! 0.803! 0.809! 0.83! -0.027! -0.021! 29! 102! 4,895!Ellenberger Dolomite! 0.843! 0.832! 0.853! -0.01! -0.021! -54! 103! 4,905!Ellenberger Lime! 0.839! 0.852! 0.85! -0.011! 0.002! 64! -10! 4,908!Ellenberger Lime! 0.829! 0.836! 0.82! 0.009! 0.016! 34! -79!