This is what we covered in today's class. Prepare slides (7) and (8) for next time. Moreover, bring to class examples in which those grammatical rules apply to.

1. Newspaper Headlines
Headlines are the short titles above
newspaper reports.
King opens key projects in Aqaba Port
Key: vital, very
important.

2. Grammar of headlines
• Headlines are not always complete sentences.
Many headlines consist of noun phrases
without verbs.
More wage cuts
Wage (n): a fixed regular
payment earned for work
or services
Cut (n): reduction
Holiday hotel death
Exeter man’s double marriage bid
Bid: attempt

3. • In headlines, simple tenses are often used instead
of continuous or perfect forms. The simple
present is used for both present and past events.
Thousands of Islamists rally for Al Aqsa
Mosque
Rally (v): to meet in
massive groups for
support of a cause.
Some Saudi women defy driving ban in day of
protest
Defy (v): to challenge or
resist something.

4. • Many headline words are used both as nouns
and verbs. It is not always easy to understand
the structure of a sentence.
US cuts aid to third world
Aid cuts row
Cuts (v): reduces
Aid (n): military or
financial help / Aid (v): to
help
Cuts aid rebels
Row (n): noisy disagreement
Cut (n): reduction

5. • Headlines often leave out articles (a, an, the).
Woman walks on moon
King to visit Aqaba Port
*** Note: Often, in standard everyday English, we
normally would say A WOMAN, THE KING.

6. • Headlines often use infinitives to refer to the future.
Al Arabiya to air two-part interview with Queen
Rania
To air (v): to circulate or make public
Jordan to participate in regional health meeting
Hospitals to take fewer patients

7. • A colon (:) is often used to separate the
subject of a headline from what is said
about it.
Motorway crash: death toll rises
Strikes: PM to react
PM: Prime minister
Death toll:
number of
those who
were killed

8. Quotation marks (‘…’) are used to show that
words were said by someone else, and that the
newspaper does not necessarily claim that they
are true.
Exercise 'boosts academic performance' of
teenagers
Boosts (v): increases
Slow metabolism 'obesity excuse' true