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1. Singapore

2. Location

3. What type of government does the
country have?
 Parliamentary representative democratic republic
 Chief of state= President of Singapore
 Head of government= Prime Minister of Singapore
 Representative democratic=Element of both the parliamentary
system and the presidential system
 Presidential system= President as chief of state and head of
government and the executive branch is separate from the
legislative branch
 Parliamentary system= Minister gets legal rights from legislature
so executive branch and legislative branch are connected
 So Parliamentary representative democratic republic= A
government using a parliamentary system but the executive
branch of the government ask the Parliament for support so the
branches will be separated.

4. Executive
 President + Cabinet (Led by Minister)
 Chief of state= President Tony Tan Keng since Sept
1, 2011
 Head of government= Prime Minister Lee Hsien
Loong since Aug 12, 2004
 President has certain powers, decisions of the
executive based on Internal Security Act.
 Approves changes to civil services such as Chief Justice
or Chief of Defense

5. President of Singapore
 Current president= Tony Tan Keng Yam
 First president of Singapore=Yusof Bin Ishak (Chosen by
Parliament)
 First president of Singapore by popular votes= Ong Teng
Cheong
 The parliament had Yeoh Ghim Seng (Speaker of
Parliament) as acting president 3 times.
 Mainly ceremonial
 Can on his own judgment on withholding the assent to
any bill in Parliament, Supply bill, and the borrowing of
money, or loan to the Central Provident Fund Board if the
president thinks the company will have draw on reserves.

6. List of Presidents
President Start Term End Term Notes
1st Yusof Bin Ishak August 9, 1965 November 23, 1970 Intervals, Yeoh Ghim
Seng was president
for 40 days
2nd Benjamin Henry January 2, 1971 May 12, 1891 Yeoh Ghim Seng
Sheares was president for
164 days
3rd C. V Devan Nair October 23, 1981 March 29, 1985 Yeoh Ghim Seng
was president for
158 days
4th Wee Kim Wee September 2, 1985 September 1, 1993 Till now voted by
Parliament
5th Ong Teng Cheong September 1, 1993 September 1, 1999 Start to get voted
by popular votes
6th S.R. Nathan September 1, 1999 September 1, 2011 Elected 2 times
7th Tony Tan Keng September 1, 2011 September 1, 2017
Yam

7. The President of
Singapore
Tony Tan Keng Yam
The First President
of Singapore
Yusof Bin Ishak

8. Prime Minister of Singapore
 Dates back to 1959
 Before independence= Chosen by Governor of Singapore
at first  Yang di-Pertuan Negara (Head of state)
 Deputy Prime Minister= 2nd highest post and senior
Cabinet Minister
 Deputy Prime Minister (Assume the role of acting prime
minister when the actual prime minister is temporarily
away.)= In Singapore, it’s is THE Prime Minister.
 Singapore usually have 2 Prime Minster at a time.
 3 PM = Lee Hsien Long (Currently) , Gok Chong
Tong, Lee Kuan Yew

9. List of Prime Ministers
Prime Minister Start Term End Term
1st Toh Chin Chye June 5, 1959 August 2, 1968
2nd Goh Keng Swee March 1, 1973 December 3, 1984
3rd S. Rajaratnam June 1, 1980 January 2, 1985
4th A Goh Chok Tong January 2, 1985 November 28, 1990
4th B Ong Teng Cheong January 2, 1985 September 1, 1993
5th A Lee Hsien Loong November 28, 1990 August 12, 2004
5th B Tony Tan Keng Yam August 1, 1995 September 1, 2005
6th A S. Jayakumar August 12, 2004 April 1, 2009
6th B Wong Kan Seng September 1, 2005 May 21, 2011
7th A Teo Chee Hean April 1, 2009 Currently in place.
7th B Tharman May 21, 2011 Currently in place.

10. Current Prime
Minister
Lee Hsieng Loong
The 2 Current Deputy
Prime Minister
Teo Chee Han on the
Right
Tharman
Shanmuguratnam on
the left

11. How are the leaders of the country
selected? What title(s) are they
given?
= Chosen by
 Chief of state=President  Popular Votes and Legislative
 President was chosen by parliament until the Constitution
of the Republic of Singapore amended for popular votes in
1991, and starting from 1993, president was chosen by
popular votes
 Head of government= Prime Minister  President
 Other ministers, such as deputy prime minister
President + Advises from the Prime Minister
 Judiciary= Chief Justice  President + Advises from Prime
Minister
 Judges=  President + Advises from Chief Justice

12. Legislative
 Legislative= Parliament + President
 Unicameral parliament (87 members by popular votes to
serve five-year terms)
 Most parliaments are usually made up of 2 houses/chambers
which would be known as bicameral.
 Unicameral= Parliament made up of 1 house/chamber
 That 1 house/chamber= President of Singapore
 General Election 2006= PAP (People’s Action party) won 82
of the 84 seats, led by Lee Hsien Loong

13. Legislative Law-Making
 Before laws are passed, it is introduced as bill in the parliaments.
 A bill is usually introduced by the minister on behalf of the cabinet but
anybody in the parliament can introduce a bill known as Private Member’s
Bill
 The bills goes through a several stage before it becomes a law.
 The first stage is when it is introduced, there is no debates which is known
as first reading.
 The second stage is when members of the parliament debates on the
general principles of the bill.
 If the bill is against the parliament, it can vote to reject it.
 If the bill goes through second stage, it is sent to a Select Committee where
every clause of the bill is examined. Amendments may be proposed by
members of the parliament supports the bills but does not agree with it in
general.
 When the reports goes back to the parliament, only some of the minor
amendments can be passed.
 The last stage is when the president grants it before the bill officially
becomes a law.

14. Judicial (Jurisdiction)
 Article 93 of the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore
(Supreme Law of Singapore) = Supreme Court and Subordinate
Court  Judicial Power of Singapore
 Head of the judiciary= Chief Justice
 Supreme Court
 President chooses the chief justice with the advice of the prime minister.
 Other judges are chosen by the president with the advices of the chief justice
 Court of Appeal (Upper Division of the Supreme Court)= Can’t deal with
trials of matters coming before the court for the first time, can change the
decisions or out comes of the high court
 High Court (Lower Division of the Supreme Court)= Can deal with trials
of matter coming before the court for the first time, hears both criminal
and civil cases as a court of first instance
 Subordinate Courts
 Includes the District and Magistrate courts

15. Is consent of the governed an important
principle in the country? How do you know?
 Yes, an important principle in the country.
Because
1. After gaining independence from British, Singapore is
a self-governing country.
2. From the representative in the
parliaments, presidential election arrived.
Representative = People
3. Amendments made presidential voting changed from
being voted by parliament into popular votes

16. Is there a peaceful way to change
the government?
 Yes, because the People’s Action Party has the most
seat in the parliament so if there is going to be a big
change, it will be their decision.
 Every president and prime minister is from the
People’s Action Party.

17. What is corruption?
 “Abuse of public power, office, or resources elected government
officials for personal gains.”= Use government, office, or
resources for personal benefits.
 By E.g. =
 Offering bribes (Offering money in exchange or trade)
 Extortion (Blackmailing, threatening)
 Soliciting (Act of goods and services for exchange)
 Remaining in office, buying votes, then takes money income
 Types of corruption
 Systemic corruption= Subversion of economic or political system
 Governmental corruption= Budget is controlled by the executive

18. Do government leaders follow the
rule of law? Explain.
 Yes.
 Singapore is considered to be the least-corrupted
country in the world.
 There is only one record of corruption in Singapore but
it could be considered as minor corruption compared to
other countries.
 In 1996, the Senior Minister and the Prime Minister admitted
that they received discounts on purchases for luxury
apartments from a publicly listed company where the Senior
Minster younger brother was one of the directors. The
collectively amounted to more than S$1,000,000.

19. Bibliography
 President of Singapore. (27 April 2012) In Wikipedia Retrieved April 29, 2012 from
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_Singapore
 Politics of Singapore. (7 April 2012) In Wikipedia Retrieved April 29, 2012 from
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics_of_Singapore
 Cabinet of Singapore. (24 March 2012) In Wikipedia Retrieved April 29, 2012 from
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabinet_of_Singapore
 Chambers of Parliaments. (8 March 2012) In Wikipedia Retrieved April 29, 2012 from
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliamentary_elections_in_Singapore
 Parliamentary Elections in Singapore. (24 March 2012) In Wikipedia Retrieved April
29, 2012 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliamentary_elections_in_Singapore
 Presidential Election in Singapore. (24 March 2012) In Wikipedia Retrieved April
29, 2012 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidential_elections_in_Singapore
 Parliament of Singapore. (31 March 2012) In Wikipedia Retrieved April 29, 2012
from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliament_of_Singapore
 Elections in Singapore. (19 November 2011) In Wikipedia Retrieved April 29, 2012
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elections_in_Singapore
 Judicial System of Singapore. (24 January 2012) In Wikipedia Retrieved April
29, 2012 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judicial_system_of_Singapore
 Subordinate Court of Singapore. (7 December 2011) In Wikipedia Retrieved April
29, 2012 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subordinate_Courts_of_Singapore

20.  Supreme Court of Singapore. (24 March 2012) In Wikipedia Retrieved April 29, 2012
from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Singapore
 Singapore Executive Branch (9 January 2012) Retrieved April 29, 2012 from Index
Mundi website: http://www.indexmundi.com/singapore/executive_branch.html
 Singapore Legislative Branch (9 January 2012) Retrieved April 29, 2012 from Index
Mundi website: http://www.indexmundi.com/singapore/legislative_branch.html
 Singapore Judicial Branch (9 January 2012) Retrieved April 29, 2012 from Index
Mundi website: http://www.indexmundi.com/singapore/judicial_branch.html
 Presidential Elections (1 February 2012) Retrieved April 29, 2012 from Singapore
Elections Department: http://www.eld.gov.sg/elections_presidential.html
 Electoral Divisions (25 January, 2012) Retrieved April 29, 2012 from Singapore
Elections Department: http://www.eld.gov.sg/elections_type_electoral.html
 Parliamentary Elections (18 April 2012) Retrieved April 29, 2012 from Singapore
Elections Department: http://www.eld.gov.sg/elections_parliamentary.html
 Kevin Brown (2011 May, 9) Political Change in Singapore, Retrieved April 29, 2012
from: http://www2.liu.edu/cwis/cwp/library/workshop/citapa.htm
 Corruption in Singapore (February 13, 2006) Retrieved April 29, 2012 from Singapore
Elections: http://www2.liu.edu/cwis/cwp/library/workshop/citapa.htm