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Time to prepare !
…for lease accounting changes
Erik Lange
Partner
Accounting Advisory
Services
KPMG
Mindy Berman
Managing Director
Capital Markets
Jones Lang LaSalle
Vivian Mumaw
International Director
Global Lease Administration
Jones Lang LaSalle
Today’s guests
2
Proposed changes
3
Goal
• Recognize off-balance sheet obligations
• Create economic transparency
* Estimate according to the 2005 SEC report on off-balance sheet activities
$1.25 trillion of off-balance sheet operating lease commitments for SEC registrants*
$1,250,000,000,000
44
Greater transparency
about leverage, assets
used in operations,
and cash flows
Greater transparency
about residual values
Overview
Most lease assets and
liabilities are off-
balance sheet
Lessee
Lessee
Lessor
Existing
accounting issues
The
proposal
How the proposal
is an improvement
Recognition of lease
assets and liabilities
for all leases of more
than 12 months
Insufficient
disclosure about
operating leases
Enhanced disclosure
requirements
Lack of transparency
about residual values of
equipment and vehicles
Separately account for
residual asset
Enhanced disclosures
about residual asset’s
exposure to risk
55
Anticipated timeline
2013 2015 2016
Final standard
expected to be
issued in 2014
Two year
look-back
period
Revised exposure
draft published
May 16, 2013
Comment
letters due
Sept 13, 2013
1 2 3 4 5
Effective date of
new standard:
2017 / 2018
2014 2017
66
Proposed right-of-use model
77
A lease contract conveys
the right to use an
underlying asset for
a period of time in exchange
for consideration
Lessor
Lessee
Scope
• All existing leases – no grandfathering
- Operating leases and capital leases
• All enterprises – public, private, not-for-profit
• All leases – real estate, equipment, leases embedded in service
contracts
- Regardless of underlying asset location
• Short-term leases exempted
- 12 months or less, including renewal/extension options
88
Lease classification
99
LeaseTerm:
PV of Fixed Lease Payments
Amortization and Interest expense
Accelerated expense profile
Lease expense
Straight-lined over term
Type A
Non-property
Type B
Property
Low High
High
EconomicLifeofAsset
Fair Value of Asset:
• Definition looks to consumption
of underlying asset
• Test performed at lease
commencement or modification
Summary of changes – lessee accounting
Current Operating Lease Model Proposed Lease Model
Balance Sheet Off balance sheet Recognize right-of-use asset and liability
Income
Statement
Rent expense • Type A: Non-property leases
– Interest and amortization expense
• Type B: Property leases
– Straight line lease expense
Lease Term Non-cancellable term unless significant
economic penalties for failure to renew
• Options to extend & terminate included if lessee
has significant economic incentive to exercise
• Reassessment required
Variable
Lease
Payments
No contingent rent included • Contingent rent based on an index or rate (i.e.
CPI) using spot rate – no forward or forecasted
rates used
• Performance or usage based rents excluded
Purchase
Options
Bargain purchase option prohibited Included if lessee has significant economic incentive
to exercise
Short Term
Leases
• No liability / asset recognized
• Rent expense
• No liability / asset recognized
• Rent expense
Impairment No testing required Testing and recognition required
1010
Lease term
1111
• The existence of a
termination option
• Contingent amounts due
under residual value
guarantees
= Re-assessed periodically
*Significant
Economic
Incentive
• The importance of
the leased asset to
the lessee’s
operations
• Economic penalties
such as significant
customization,
installation costs or
relocation costs
• The existence of a
purchase option or
lease renewal
option and the
related pricing
Contract Asset
Entity Market
Non-cancelable
lease period
+
Lease extension options
(w/ SEI* to exercise)
+
Lease termination options
(w/ SEI* NOT to exercise)
= Lease Term
Discount or
Incremental
Borrowing Rate
Right of Use
Asset / Liability
@ inception
Initial measurement of expected lease payments
Present Value:Apply:
Contingent Rent
Based on Rate or Index
Rent Payments
Non-cancellable term
FV of Residual
Value Guarantees
Term Penalties
SEI to Exercise
Initial Indirect
Costs
Renewal Period
SEI to Exercise
Decommissioning
Costs
Include: Exclude:
Lease
Incentives
Performance /
Usage Rent
Operating
Expense
Capitalized lease obligations
+ – × =
1212
1313
Effect on accounting
300,000
350,000
400,000
450,000
500,000
550,000
600,000
650,000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
AnnualExpense($)
Year
* The above graph represents a 7 year office space lease with an option to renew for 3 years. The annual base rent is $500,000 escalating at 3%
annually. The tenant does not have a significant economic incentive to exercise the renewal option.
Cash Rents Lease Payments
Type B Income Statement:
Straight-lined lease
expense
Type A Income Statement:
Interest and amortization
expense
Receivable and Residual Model
• Lease is the sale of a more than
insignificant portion of the underlying asset
• Recognize profit upfront on receivable
portion, if any
Type A – Non-property Leases Type B – Property Leases
Financing Receivable Residual Interest
No receivable or
residual recognized
PP&E
Operating Lease ModelReceivable and Residual Model
Operating Lease Model
• Lease is the service of providing access
to an underlying asset for a stated period
of time
• Income recognition similar to current U.S.
GAAP
• No fair value accounting for property
companies
Lessor accounting
1414
Other lease arrangements
New Approach
Subleases • Recognize primary lease obligation
• Account for sublease arrangement separately
• Present on net basis
Sale-leasebacks • Determine if financing or sale
• Immediate gain recognition for sale
• Purchase options at market acceptable
Build-to-suits • Accounting based on lease classification
• Principles-based tests
1515
Disclosure requirements
The new standard is expected to require the accumulation of additional data points
and assumptions, which include but are not limited to:
• Payment amount considering lease term, including the significant economic
incentive to exercise:
- Renewal options
- Purchase options
- Termination options
• Discount rate
• Commencement date
• Residual value guarantee
• Embedded operating costs (e.g., service, CAM, utilities, taxes, insurance, etc.)
• Maximum possible term (including renewal options) less than 12 months
• Determination of individual lease classification between the straight line lease
expense and interest and amortization expense methods
1616
Business impact
17
Organizational impact
18
1919
Increase in P&L burden,
accelerated expense for
certain leases
Different accounting of
similar leases
Change in lease vs. own
decision-making
Change in expense
allocation to business
units
Potential violation of
financial covenants
Increase in financial
reporting burden
Substantial increase in
liabilities on the balance
sheet
Change in desired lease
terms and structure
No expected change in
credit ratings
Implications for corporate occupiers
Industry specific impact
2020
Financial
Services
Healthcare
Government
Contractors
Telecom
Retail
Transaction strategies – myths and realities
Own vs. lease decision-making
Own instead of lease • Use of corporate capital
• Ability to control or own certain property
• Operating flexibility
• Economic vs. accounting-based decisions
Minimize or avoid capitalization
Use shorter lease terms • Commercial feasibility and economic terms
• Short-term lease exemption – principles-based standard
• Termination options – principles-based standard
Limit / eliminate renewal options • Evaluated through lens of significant economic incentive
• Commercial feasibility
Creative rent structures • Usage or percentage of sales-based rents
Creative lease structures • Use of purchase options and residual value guarantees
2121
Get prepared
22
Key Steps
Strategy
Modify lease terms l
Financing arrangements
Operations
Define roles l Develop processes l
Modify BU metrics l Align resources
Technology / Data
Collect data for D1 impact l Review / modify technology l
Assess impact l Design reporting
2017+
Maintain
2014
Implement
Now
Plan
23
Technology and data
Data Tracking Reporting Accounting
Current • Lease terms, options,
rent schedule
• Deposits, allowances
• Conditions re. RVG,
option penalties,
decommissioning, BPO
• Fixed term lease
obligation
• Rent roll / income
• Future critical dates
• Abstract summaries
• Rent expense,
income
• Cash receipts
• Budget
• Straight-line rents
Additional
Requirements
• Direct costs
• IBR / Discount Rate
• Value estimates
(economic life, asset
value, exit costs, RV)
• Economic incentive
factors
• Assets and obligations
• Amortization schedules
• Reassessment support
• Expanded portfolio data
• Asset and obligations
for balance sheet
• Amortization using
estimated life
• Financing costs
• Reassessment impact
2424
Calculate/anticipate impact of changes
Establish cross-functional teams/processes
Facilitate strategic/tactical decision support
Lease Portfolio (real estate and equipment)
Action Plan
Staffing Levels
Change Management
Communications, Training
Governance Framework
Business Assumptions,
Work Routines and Processes
Information Systems
Data Collection/Management,
Reporting
Identify data/resource gaps
Information Systems
Human Resources
Lease Information
Organization
Positioning your lease portfolio
2525
What should I do now?
• Get educated and stay informed!
- Visit www.leaseaccountingchanges.com to
gain access to educational materials and
stay abreast of on-going developments
• Get vocal!
- Submit comments by September 13, 2013 via
FASB/IASB website
2626
• Get prepared!
- Understand the impact of the changes on your organization
- Advise your internal stakeholders
- Plan for change
For more information
2727
Michael Billing
Executive Vice President
Strategic Consulting
Jones Lang LaSalle
michael.billing@am.jll.com
+1 312 228 2638
Erik Lange
Partner
Accounting Advisory
Services
KPMG
elange@kpmg.com
+1 212 872 6654
Mindy Berman
Managing Director
Capital Markets
Jones Lang LaSalle
mindy.berman@am.jll.com
+1 617 316 6539
Vivian Mumaw
International Director
Global Lease
Administration
Jones Lang LaSalle
vivian.mumaw@am.jll.com
+1 312 228 2878

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[Podcast] Time to prepare... for lease accounting changes

  • 1. Time to prepare ! …for lease accounting changes
  • 2. Erik Lange Partner Accounting Advisory Services KPMG Mindy Berman Managing Director Capital Markets Jones Lang LaSalle Vivian Mumaw International Director Global Lease Administration Jones Lang LaSalle Today’s guests 2
  • 4. Goal • Recognize off-balance sheet obligations • Create economic transparency * Estimate according to the 2005 SEC report on off-balance sheet activities $1.25 trillion of off-balance sheet operating lease commitments for SEC registrants* $1,250,000,000,000 44
  • 5. Greater transparency about leverage, assets used in operations, and cash flows Greater transparency about residual values Overview Most lease assets and liabilities are off- balance sheet Lessee Lessee Lessor Existing accounting issues The proposal How the proposal is an improvement Recognition of lease assets and liabilities for all leases of more than 12 months Insufficient disclosure about operating leases Enhanced disclosure requirements Lack of transparency about residual values of equipment and vehicles Separately account for residual asset Enhanced disclosures about residual asset’s exposure to risk 55
  • 6. Anticipated timeline 2013 2015 2016 Final standard expected to be issued in 2014 Two year look-back period Revised exposure draft published May 16, 2013 Comment letters due Sept 13, 2013 1 2 3 4 5 Effective date of new standard: 2017 / 2018 2014 2017 66
  • 7. Proposed right-of-use model 77 A lease contract conveys the right to use an underlying asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration Lessor Lessee
  • 8. Scope • All existing leases – no grandfathering - Operating leases and capital leases • All enterprises – public, private, not-for-profit • All leases – real estate, equipment, leases embedded in service contracts - Regardless of underlying asset location • Short-term leases exempted - 12 months or less, including renewal/extension options 88
  • 9. Lease classification 99 LeaseTerm: PV of Fixed Lease Payments Amortization and Interest expense Accelerated expense profile Lease expense Straight-lined over term Type A Non-property Type B Property Low High High EconomicLifeofAsset Fair Value of Asset: • Definition looks to consumption of underlying asset • Test performed at lease commencement or modification
  • 10. Summary of changes – lessee accounting Current Operating Lease Model Proposed Lease Model Balance Sheet Off balance sheet Recognize right-of-use asset and liability Income Statement Rent expense • Type A: Non-property leases – Interest and amortization expense • Type B: Property leases – Straight line lease expense Lease Term Non-cancellable term unless significant economic penalties for failure to renew • Options to extend & terminate included if lessee has significant economic incentive to exercise • Reassessment required Variable Lease Payments No contingent rent included • Contingent rent based on an index or rate (i.e. CPI) using spot rate – no forward or forecasted rates used • Performance or usage based rents excluded Purchase Options Bargain purchase option prohibited Included if lessee has significant economic incentive to exercise Short Term Leases • No liability / asset recognized • Rent expense • No liability / asset recognized • Rent expense Impairment No testing required Testing and recognition required 1010
  • 11. Lease term 1111 • The existence of a termination option • Contingent amounts due under residual value guarantees = Re-assessed periodically *Significant Economic Incentive • The importance of the leased asset to the lessee’s operations • Economic penalties such as significant customization, installation costs or relocation costs • The existence of a purchase option or lease renewal option and the related pricing Contract Asset Entity Market Non-cancelable lease period + Lease extension options (w/ SEI* to exercise) + Lease termination options (w/ SEI* NOT to exercise) = Lease Term
  • 12. Discount or Incremental Borrowing Rate Right of Use Asset / Liability @ inception Initial measurement of expected lease payments Present Value:Apply: Contingent Rent Based on Rate or Index Rent Payments Non-cancellable term FV of Residual Value Guarantees Term Penalties SEI to Exercise Initial Indirect Costs Renewal Period SEI to Exercise Decommissioning Costs Include: Exclude: Lease Incentives Performance / Usage Rent Operating Expense Capitalized lease obligations + – × = 1212
  • 13. 1313 Effect on accounting 300,000 350,000 400,000 450,000 500,000 550,000 600,000 650,000 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 AnnualExpense($) Year * The above graph represents a 7 year office space lease with an option to renew for 3 years. The annual base rent is $500,000 escalating at 3% annually. The tenant does not have a significant economic incentive to exercise the renewal option. Cash Rents Lease Payments Type B Income Statement: Straight-lined lease expense Type A Income Statement: Interest and amortization expense
  • 14. Receivable and Residual Model • Lease is the sale of a more than insignificant portion of the underlying asset • Recognize profit upfront on receivable portion, if any Type A – Non-property Leases Type B – Property Leases Financing Receivable Residual Interest No receivable or residual recognized PP&E Operating Lease ModelReceivable and Residual Model Operating Lease Model • Lease is the service of providing access to an underlying asset for a stated period of time • Income recognition similar to current U.S. GAAP • No fair value accounting for property companies Lessor accounting 1414
  • 15. Other lease arrangements New Approach Subleases • Recognize primary lease obligation • Account for sublease arrangement separately • Present on net basis Sale-leasebacks • Determine if financing or sale • Immediate gain recognition for sale • Purchase options at market acceptable Build-to-suits • Accounting based on lease classification • Principles-based tests 1515
  • 16. Disclosure requirements The new standard is expected to require the accumulation of additional data points and assumptions, which include but are not limited to: • Payment amount considering lease term, including the significant economic incentive to exercise: - Renewal options - Purchase options - Termination options • Discount rate • Commencement date • Residual value guarantee • Embedded operating costs (e.g., service, CAM, utilities, taxes, insurance, etc.) • Maximum possible term (including renewal options) less than 12 months • Determination of individual lease classification between the straight line lease expense and interest and amortization expense methods 1616
  • 19. 1919 Increase in P&L burden, accelerated expense for certain leases Different accounting of similar leases Change in lease vs. own decision-making Change in expense allocation to business units Potential violation of financial covenants Increase in financial reporting burden Substantial increase in liabilities on the balance sheet Change in desired lease terms and structure No expected change in credit ratings Implications for corporate occupiers
  • 21. Transaction strategies – myths and realities Own vs. lease decision-making Own instead of lease • Use of corporate capital • Ability to control or own certain property • Operating flexibility • Economic vs. accounting-based decisions Minimize or avoid capitalization Use shorter lease terms • Commercial feasibility and economic terms • Short-term lease exemption – principles-based standard • Termination options – principles-based standard Limit / eliminate renewal options • Evaluated through lens of significant economic incentive • Commercial feasibility Creative rent structures • Usage or percentage of sales-based rents Creative lease structures • Use of purchase options and residual value guarantees 2121
  • 23. Key Steps Strategy Modify lease terms l Financing arrangements Operations Define roles l Develop processes l Modify BU metrics l Align resources Technology / Data Collect data for D1 impact l Review / modify technology l Assess impact l Design reporting 2017+ Maintain 2014 Implement Now Plan 23
  • 24. Technology and data Data Tracking Reporting Accounting Current • Lease terms, options, rent schedule • Deposits, allowances • Conditions re. RVG, option penalties, decommissioning, BPO • Fixed term lease obligation • Rent roll / income • Future critical dates • Abstract summaries • Rent expense, income • Cash receipts • Budget • Straight-line rents Additional Requirements • Direct costs • IBR / Discount Rate • Value estimates (economic life, asset value, exit costs, RV) • Economic incentive factors • Assets and obligations • Amortization schedules • Reassessment support • Expanded portfolio data • Asset and obligations for balance sheet • Amortization using estimated life • Financing costs • Reassessment impact 2424
  • 25. Calculate/anticipate impact of changes Establish cross-functional teams/processes Facilitate strategic/tactical decision support Lease Portfolio (real estate and equipment) Action Plan Staffing Levels Change Management Communications, Training Governance Framework Business Assumptions, Work Routines and Processes Information Systems Data Collection/Management, Reporting Identify data/resource gaps Information Systems Human Resources Lease Information Organization Positioning your lease portfolio 2525
  • 26. What should I do now? • Get educated and stay informed! - Visit www.leaseaccountingchanges.com to gain access to educational materials and stay abreast of on-going developments • Get vocal! - Submit comments by September 13, 2013 via FASB/IASB website 2626 • Get prepared! - Understand the impact of the changes on your organization - Advise your internal stakeholders - Plan for change
  • 27. For more information 2727 Michael Billing Executive Vice President Strategic Consulting Jones Lang LaSalle michael.billing@am.jll.com +1 312 228 2638 Erik Lange Partner Accounting Advisory Services KPMG elange@kpmg.com +1 212 872 6654 Mindy Berman Managing Director Capital Markets Jones Lang LaSalle mindy.berman@am.jll.com +1 617 316 6539 Vivian Mumaw International Director Global Lease Administration Jones Lang LaSalle vivian.mumaw@am.jll.com +1 312 228 2878