It takes all kinds to make the world

Learning circles (September – December 2012)
ppm1
Slonim gymnasium 1
Belarus

• red ant Earthworm frog European bison lynx beetle beaver birch poplar

panther crocodile willow seaweed eucalyptus lion snail perch
Cactus camel fir-tree pine daffodil passenger pigeon

tiger hawk elephant oak narwhal spider lobster stork rose aluminum plant


The European Bison

Description:
 The European bison is similar in
appearance to its North American
relative. Although smaller in size, it has
the characteristic thickset body shape
with a short neck and a pronounced
shoulder hump. There is a longer mane of
hair underneath the neck and also on the
forehead. The dense coat is dark to
golden brown in colour.
Size:
 A typical European bison is about 2.1 to
3.5 m (7 to 10 ft) long, not counting a
tail of 30 to 60 cm (12 to 24 in)
long, and 1.6 to 2 m (5 to 7 ft) tall.
Weight:
 Weight typically can range from 300 to
920 kg (660 to 2,000 lb), with an
occasional big bull to 1,000 kg (2,200 lb)
or more




Habitat
 The European bison
inhabits mixed and
deciduous
forests, with
undergrowth and open
spaces
Food
 European bison feed
predominantly on
grasses although they
will also browse on
shoots and leaves.
European bison need
to drink every day
and in winter can be
seen breaking ice with
their heavy hooves



Interesting facts
 The European bison is the heaviest
surviving wild land animal in Europe.
 Extremely large ones may weigh as
much as 1,400 kilograms.
 The bison is active throughout the
day, though the distribution of
activity is affected by food supply.
Over a 24 hour period, an average
of 30% of the time is spent
feeding, 60% resting, and 10%
moving and/or playing. Although
movements are generally slow, short
gallops are rarely observed.
Despite their size, they can jump
across 3 m / 10 feet wide streams
and 2 m / 6 foot tall fences from a
standing position.



The Beaver

Description
 The beaver is a
primarily
nocturnal, large, semi
-aquatic rodent. They
are the second-
largest rodent in the
world (after the
capybara).
Size:
 Head and
body, 23 to 39 in (60
to 100 cm);
tail, 7.75 to 12 in
(20 to 30.5 cm)
Weight:
 60 lbs (27 kg)



Food
 Beavers are herbivores, and
prefer the wood of quaking
aspen, cottonwood, willow, alder,
birch, maple and cherry trees.
They also eat
sedges, pondweed, and water
lilies.
Average life span in the wild:
 Up to 24 years
Habitat
 Beavers burrow in the banks of
rivers and lakes. But they also
transform less suitable habitats
by building dams. Domelike beaver
homes, called lodges, are also
constructed of branches and mud.
They are often strategically
located in the middle of ponds and
can only be reached by
underwater entrances.


Interesting facts

 Beavers are famously busy, and they turn
their talents to reengineering the landscape
as few other animals can. They are known for
building dams, canals, and lodges (homes).
Their colonies create one or more dams to
provide still, deep water to protect against
predators, and to float food and building
material.
 They are known for their alarm signal: when
startled or frightened, a swimming beaver will
rapidly dive while forcefully slapping the water
with its broad tail, audible over great
distances above and below water. This serves
as a warning to beavers in the area. Once a
beaver has sounded the alarm, nearby beavers
will dive and may not reemerge for some time.
 Beavers are slow on land, but are good
swimmers, and can stay under water for as
long as 15 minutes.
 They can swim at speeds of up to five miles
(eight kilometers) an hour.




The Roe deer is the smallest and the most
widespread from all European deer. It is The Roe Deer
widespread in Western Europe, from the
Mediterranean to Scandinavia, and from the
British Isles to the Caucasus.
It is relatively small, reddish and grey-
brown, and well-adapted to cold environments.
The weight of a big male is about 27 kg. It has
rather short, erect antlers and a reddish body
with a grey face. Its hide is golden red in
summer, darkening to brown or even black in
winter, with lighter undersides and a white rump
patch; the tail is very short and barely visible.
The Roe Deer is primarily crepuscular, or
primarily active during the twilight, very quick
and graceful, lives in woods although it may
venture into grasslands and sparse forests. It
feeds mainly on grass, leaves, berries and young
shoots. It particularly likes very young, tender
grass with a high moisture content, i.e., grass
that has received rain the day before.



The Grey Crane

Cranes are large, long-legged and long-
necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking
but unrelated herons, cranes fly with
necks outstretched, not pulled back.
Most have elaborate and noisy courting
displays or "dances". There are 15
species worldwide and 1 species which
occurs in Belarus. The grey crane is a
medium-sized crane species. Males are
about 115 cm long, have a wing span of
180-200 cm and weigh about 5-6 kg.
Females are slightly smaller.
The plumage is mainly grey with a cloak
of loose feathers falling over tail. The
head is darker grey with a red cap on
top, the upper neck marked by a white
band from the eye to the upper back.
The flight feathers are black.




The Woodpecker
Woodpeckers live in forests or
woodland habitats. They possess
predominantly white,black and
brown, green and red plumage and
exhibit patches of red and yellow
on their heads and bellies. They
have strong bills for drilling and
drumming on trees and long sticky
tongues for extracting food. They
eat mainly insects and their grubs
taken from living and dead
trees, and other arthropods, along
with fruit from live trees, nuts and
sap both from live trees. Their role
ecologically is thereby keeping trees
healthy by keeping them from
suffering mass infestations.


The Oak
The oak is any of a large variety of trees or

shrubs that bear acorns. There are more than
600 species of oaks. Nearly all of them grow
naturally in the Northern Hemisphere only.
Oaks vary in size and the way they
grow. Some oaks never become taller than
shrubs. Other reach height of more than 30
metres.
Oaks grow slowly and usually do not bear
acorns until they are about 20 years old. But
these trees live a long time. Most oaks live
for 200 to 400 years.
Oaks are an important source of
timber. Oak wood is heavy, hard and strong
and it has a beautiful grain. Manufactures use
it for furniture, barrels, boats, and railway
sleepers. Acorns are an important source of
food for wildlife. In some countries pigs and
poultry are fed on acorns. Cortex Quercus is
used as medicine for diarrhoea, pulmonary
tuberculosis, women’ s diseases, and
eczema, for strengthening teeth and gaggling a
throat.


Birch is the name of a group of about 40
The Birch

slender trees and shrubs that grow in parts of
Europe, northern Asia and North America.
They have a thin bark that peels in horizontal
layers. Some birches have bark that
separates into sheets almost like paper.
Birches produce long catkins,which contain
tiny flowers.
Their leaves grow alternately on the
twig, and are generally bright green, turning
yellow in autumn. The birch is a tall, graceful
tree with delicate branches. The slender
trunk of the birch has thin peeling bark.
Silver birch grows in the country where I live.
Silver birch is a graceful Old World species.
It is easily recognized by its
papery, peeling, black-and-white bark and the
ragged base to the trunk. The brunches of
the silver birch usually droop at the tips Silver
birch grows mainly on sandy and gravelly soils.
In Belarus the sap from a variety of silver
birch called weeping birch is used in spring to
make syrup.


Cranberry

Cranberries are low, creeping shrubs or vines up
to 2 metres (7 ft) long and 5 to 20 centimetres
(2 to 8 in) high; they have slender, wiry stems
that are not thickly woody and have small
evergreen leaves. The flowers are dark
pink, with very distinct reflexed petals, leaving
the style and stamens fully exposed and pointing
forward. They are pollinated by bees. The fruit
is a berry that is larger than the leaves of the
plant; it is initially white, but turns a deep red
when fully ripe. It is edible, with an acidic taste
that can overwhelm its sweetness.
They can be found in acidic bogs throughout the
cooler regions of the northern hemisphere.
Most cranberries are processed into products
such as juice, sauce, jam, and sweetened dried
cranberries
Since the early 21st century within the global
functional food industry, raw cranberries have
been marketed as a "superfruit" due to their
nutrient content and antioxidant qualities.


Rhododendron Yellow or Rhododendron luteum

Rhododendron luteum is a
bushy fully hardy perennial It grows in bog mires of
deciduous shrub with yellow Belarusian Polesya in Gomel and
flowers in late Spring and Brest regions.
early Summer. It grows well
in semi-shade and direct
sun, and prefers medium
levels of water. The flowers
are rotate shaped. It looks
best in Spring and Summer.
This rounded shrub has an
ultimate height of 3m / 9.8ft
and spread of 3m / 9.8ft. It
can take 16-20 years to
reach its ultimate height. A
strong pleasant scent is
emitted from the flower.




Sleep- grass or Pulsatilla patens

This flower is
widely spread
in Belarus but
its area is
reducing
because of
deforestation.




The Lynx
Prepared by
Natasha Matveeva
10th grade student
Gymnasia #1
Starye Dorogi
Lynx is a typical cat, but in Belarus
size about a large dog. It
is orange with dark stains
on a back and a white
belly. The length of a body
of males is 76 - 106
centimetres and of females
on some (3 - 6)
centimetres less. A tail is
from 10 to 20 centimetres.
The weight of adult animals
is from 16 - to 20 kgs .




Basis of its food are hares, various birds, rodents and also
young wild boars and elks. Hunting on deep snow and an ice
crust, the lynx overcomes large adult animals. It also
catches martens. It always kills foxes even when there is
no special necessity but it tries to avoid the sites mastered
by wolves: a wolf for a lynx is the same dangerous enemy
as a lynx for a fox.
The lynx conducts
mainly settled way of
life, but during hard
frosts with deep snow
when becomes not only
cold, but also very
hungry, it is started
up in long trips. And a
day it passes to
30kms. The lynx does
not afraid of people.




At a meeting lynx execute greeting ritual. They sniff each other at
noses, they rise opposite and start to butt foreheads so strongly
that the bone sound is distributed.
Lynx has a solitary lifestyle. A pet lynx attacks rarely. Relation to
the person is rather strange. In the forest, it always avoids
people, but at the same time it sometimes carelessly, even brazenly
comes into populated areas, breaks into the fold, in the
barnyard, hunts dogs.



Elk Island

We live near the most beautiful forest in the Moscow region, which is
called Elk Island. Elk Island National Park is one of the oldest national
parks in Russia.
The National park is the natural habitat for
hedgehogs, moles, shrews, storks, woodpeckers, muskrats, ducks, foxes
, wolves, wild boars, deer, beavers, swans, and owls, snakes and
squirrels.


ELKS

Near our city there is National
park Elk Island. It is not hard to
guess why it has that name.
There are real elks! They are so
big, about 3m long and 2m tall.
Most of them live near rivers for
water and eat water plant or
grass.
Elks have nice horns about 1,8m
long!
They are in danger. Wolves and
bears are strongest animals
hunting elks and 50% elks ‘cubs
die on the first year of life.
In our National park there are no
wolves and bears and there elks
are not in danger.




We can come and feed our Elks!




Green Woodpecker
1) It’s about 9-56 cm. There are
about 210 species but in our woods
they almost died out. They weigh
about 90-170 g.
2) They eat ants, larvae from the
ground and trees, and they eat
berries.
3) It flies, eats, and builds nest like
other birds.
4) It lives in its nest in woods.
5) It is olive-green color. On its head
it has a red stripe. Its feathers
around the eyes are black.
6) They are endangered.
We are very proud that in our
National park Elk Island this bird is
preserved.



We are very proud that in our National park

Elk Island this bird is preserved.




Blue Ribbon
It's a very nice
butterfly. It's not
very big like all
butterflies. Is eats
honeydew. It lives
in forests. There
are some of them in
our national park
Elk island. But they
endangered. They
are very nice and
people kill they for
herbarium. But I
think if this
butterfly lives, it is
better than one
herbarium, isn't it?



Next to our Lily of the valley
city there is a
national park
Elk Island. In
Elk Island
there are many
different
plants, but
many plants are
in danger. Such
as lily of the
valley.



Lady's slipper

This plant is
very
beautiful and
it has
delicious
smell. This is
great!
The flower
lady's slipper
is in danger
too.



Ferns

This plant must be
protected. In Elk island
there are very popular
ferns. Ferns is a plant
like a bush. This fern’s
black and white color
but basically ferns are
green.




About the small white lady slipper

The small
 The small white lady slipper grows naturally in
Manitoba.
 It is perennial/surviving from one year to
another to as an underground stem.
 In May the petals usually open.
white Lady
Slipper
Habitat
 They grow in calcium rich places or alkyne
prairie openings in wooded grasslands. The
small white lady slipper can grow in damp or
shady places.
Facts
 The lady slipper is also known as the moccasin
flower because of the shape of the bloom.
 Its part of the orchard family.
 It can grow up to 10 to 35 cm.
What we’re going to do to help
 Grow them in a park where your not allowed to
pick them.
 Plant more of them.
 Fence them off.



Endangered plants in
Manitoba

Western Prairie Fringed Orchid



Growth
 The Prairie Fringed Orchid
need butterflies and moths
for pollination so that it can
grow.
Facts about the Western
Prairie Fringed Orchid
 One flower can hold up 4-
40 white creamy feathers
 Approximately 50 percent of
all known plants occur in
Manitoba, in a 48 km2.
Why is the western prairie
fringed orchid endangered?
 The western prairie fringed
orchid is endangered
because of habitat loss
caused by cattle grazing and
the stopping of wildfires.



What can we do to help western prairie

fringed orchid

To help the western
prairie fringed orchid we
could build a provincial
park around it so that
people will have no
choice but to leave it
alone. We could also
have a rule that people
are not allowed to pick
them, but if they do
they will be punished.



The Burrowing Owls

By. Sean, Haley, Vinny
Room 22
Food
Burrowing Owls eat
insects, scorpions, small
mammals, birds, amphibians and reptiles.
Size/Weight
The Burrowing Owl weight is 5.3 Oz 55
cm
The length is 7.5-9.8 in




Habitat
 Burrowing Owls like grasslands
dry open areas with no trees
and short grass and live in
burrows that other animals
made.

Facts!
 When the young owls are scared
they will make a hissing call
that sounds like a rattlesnake.
 Burrowing owls were common in
summer residents in the
southern regions of the prairie
provinces.



Endangered
 The Burrowing owls
lost their habitat to
farm land and this
gave them no food to
survive and the
predators killed the
Burrowing Owls.

How We Can Help
 When they are found
they are sent to a zoo
and bred and set
free.



Polar Bears

Weight:
 Male: Over 1400 pounds!
 Female: 500-600 pounds!
 When a cub is born they weigh
about 1 kg.
Size:
 Polar bears can get up to 10 feet
tall.
 They can up to 3 meters long.

Habitat:
 Polar bears usually live in the
tundra or the Arctic. But when
they’re in Manitoba their natural
habitat is Churchill, Manitoba. The
most polar bears in the world live
in Churchill.




Color:
 Polar bears change color
according to their environment.
Their fur is actually
translucent. The sun reflects
against the snow and because
the snow is white the polar
bears fur turns the color of its
surroundings.
Food:
 Polar bears eat
fish, seal, beluga
whales, walruses, narwhals, bo
whead whales, caribou and sea
birds.
 Larger males will eat smaller
polar bears.




Habits:
 Polar bears enjoy swimming in the water
and hunting. While they are not
swimming and hunting they are usually
sleeping and resting.
 They have webbed feet to help them
swim and a long neck longer than most
bears making them streamlined for
swimming. Their fur is water repellent
so they don’t get too wet.
Interesting facts:
 Only humans hunt Polar bears.
 Polar bears tend to overheat more than
being cold.
 They can swim up to 6 miles per hour.
 They can swim up to 100 miles.
 Largest living land carnivores.
 Polar bears can live up to 30 years old.




Why are they endangered?
 Because of pollution the Earth is going
through global warming which the polar
bears cannot live in. They will overheat
and die and the ice is melting which
causes the polar bears to drown.
 There are only 935 left in Manitoba.

How can we help save the polar bears?
 We can take care of the Earth instead of
polluting it.
 We can protest against pollution.
 At the Assiniboine Zoo in
Winnipeg, Manitoba, they are making a
habitat for the polar bears that is based
on Churchill, Manitoba. This will make a
new habitat for the polar bears so they
don’t become extinct.



Coyotes

By Liam and Alexis
Weight and Length
 The coyote weighs 10 to16 kg. They
have a body measuring 1.5
meters, including the tail. They are
about 60cm high at the shoulders. The
male is larger the female.
Fur
 Their fur is red, gray, and orange.
They have three fur coats.




Food
 The coyotes eat
rats, mice, rabbits, fruit, gras
s, plants, and fish. They also
hunt in packs to get food.

Habits
 They take care of the babies
and find food
 They hunt at night.
 They stalk their prey



Habitat

 The coyotes habitat is
forest, parkland, and grass meadows.
 The coyote’s habitat is moving farther
north due to an increase in human
population.
 In Manitoba, coyotes range from the
U.S. border to Thompson, Manitoba
but they are most common in southern
farming areas.
 Coyotes are also now seen more
frequently near cities and towns.
Interesting facts
 There are 19 kinds of coyotes.
 Coyotes have excellent hearing.
 The coyote’s lonely voice can carry
across a great distance.
 The coyote’s territory has moved
farther north due to increase in the
human population.

Forests Of Pakistan

Presentation made by:
Attia Shuaib
Mehar-un-Nisa
Mehreen Shabbir

Contents:

• Plants in our forests.
• Animals in our forests.
• Insects in our forests.

Plants in our forests

• Yew

• Ash

YEW
Scientific name : Taxus baccata
Local name : Barmi
Yew is a small to medium sized evergreen tree
with an average height of 10-20 meters and with
an astounding maximum age ,estimated to be
2000-4000 years . It is now on the verge of
extinction because of the fact that it has very
delicate seeds , which often can’t survive in harsh
climatic conditions prevailing in the high
northern mountains of Pakistan ,which is their
land of growth . Secondly due to heavy rainfall
, the tree top usually breaks , causing the water
to penetrate through and cause decay . Lastly the
overgrazing by local herds of goat is also causing
a great harm.
USES : 1)Used in medicines for cancer
treatment.
2)A wide range of musical instruments.

ASH
Scientific name: Fraxinus excelsior
Local name : Sum
Ash is a large deciduous tree with an
average height of 20 -35 meters and a
maximum age of 250 years . It is a very
valuable hardwood but is endangered
due to overharvesting for commercial
and industrial uses.
Uses: 1) High value furniture
2) Timber for fuel
3) Bows and commonly used
tools like hammers , axes etc.
4) Sports items .

Animals in our forests

• Markhor

• Snow Tiger

Fauna : MARKHOR(Capra falconeri)
SIZE:
65 to 115cm at the shoulders,132 to 186 cm in length and weigh from 32 to 110 Kg.
APPEARANCE:
light brown to black grizzled coat which is smooth and short in summer and long and thick in
winter.
horns of males can grow upto 160cm and 25cm in females.
FOOD:
their diets shift seasonally ,in spring and summer periods the graze and turn to browsing in
winter, sometimes stand on their hind legs to reach branches.
HABITAT:
Found in Central and South-Eastern Asia.
adapted to mountainous terrain, and can be found between 600 to 3600metres in elevation.
inhabit scrub forests made up of oaks, pines and junipers.
HABITS:
live in flocks of nine usually consisting adult females and their youngs,adult males are largely
solitary.
FACTS:
Markhor is the national animal of Pakistan.
They can kill snakes.
Killed for game and for their horns which are considered to have medicinal properties.

SIZE:
Fauna: SNOW LEOPARD(Panthera unica)
75 to 130 cm from head to tail, tail is 80 to 100 com long, weight is 27 to 55 Kg.
APPEARANCE:
have long , thick fur and their base colour varies from smoky grey to yellowish tan with whitish
underpants.
Unusually among cats , their eyes are pale green or gray in colour.
FOOD:
eat whatever meat they can find.
can kill animals more than 3 to 4 times their weight.
also eat a significant amount of vegetation including grass and twigs.
HABITAT:
Found in Central and South Asia.
live above tree lines(2700 to 6,000 m) in summer and come down to forests(1,200 to 2,000m) in
winter.
HABITS:
leads a largely solitary life although mothers may rear cubs in dens for extended periods.
FACTS:
Known for being extremely well secretive and camouflaged.
The Snow Leopard cannot roar.
Hunted for their skin and bones which have a high commercial value and are used for
medicinal purposes.

Insects in our Forests

• Attacus atlas

• Pararge menava

Attacus Atlas
• Size:
These are considered the largest moths in the world. Their wingspans are also
amongst the largest, reaching over 25 cm . Females are appreciably larger and
heavier.
• Appearance:
Mostly tawny to maroon in colour with roughly triangular, thin "eyes" on both
forewing and hind wing, bordered in black.
• Life Cycle:
Eggs Catterpillar Pupa Imago Fully grown

Pararge menava
• Size:
Adults vary in size from small to large. Wing shape is also highly variable.
• Appearance:
Browns, oranges, yellows, and blacks are frequent colors, while iridescent
colors such as purples and blues are rare.
• Lifespan:
Adults of some groups are the longest-lived butterflies, surviving 6-11
months.


Special thanks to the students

Created by and their teachers
Kate Dyatlova, from
Kate Sinitsa,  school 7, Korolyov, Russia;
Kate Risunova,  Gymnasia №1,Starye
Kseniya Sosnovskaya,
Dorogi,Belarus;
Dasha Belevich,
Artem Golubets,  Army Burn Hall School and
Denis Vorotynets, College, Abbottabad,Pakistan;
Maxim Moroz,  General Vanier school,
Slava Tsydik Winnipeg,Canada

Teacher – Irina Volynets
Slonim gymnasium 1
Belarus


It takes all kinds to make the world

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