September 2013 CONTENT: - Andean Context - BSM: a way to improve water management and reduce water related conflicts - Opportunities for collaboration

1. Benefit Sharing Mechanisms:
improving the water management in
the Andes
September 2013

2. Content
Andean Context
BSM: a way to improve water management
and reduce water related conflicts
Opportunities for collaboration
2

3. Andean
Context
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4. 4

5. Source: Copyright 2006 SASI Group (University of Sheffield) and Mark Newman (University of Michigan)
Percentage of total
global water resources
5

6. Source: Copyright 2006 SASI Group (University of Sheffield) and Mark Newman (University of Michigan)
Percentage of use of
available water per
country
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7. Water use
Access (rural areas):
Potable water: 75%
Drain: 50%
Water use efficiency:
Potable: 60% (40% loss)
Agriculture: 35% (65% loss)
Contamination:
sewage treatment: 13%
Agrochemicals, mining, industry…
Conflicts related with water:
Only in Peru is recorded so far this
year more than 400 conflicts
(ANA).
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8. Urbanization: drastic increase in urban population, rural
population more or less stable. Causes geographical
concentration of water demand
Source: Presentation “Water Management and Climate
Change”, by Axel Dourojeanni, Lima 2010.
Source: Estrategia Andina para GIRH, CAN 2010.8

9. Free trade agreements boost agroindustry for export, but
large differences between countries
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10. Land degradation: loss of regulation capacity in mountain
catchments
Source: Wouter Buytaert, 2010.
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11. Important drivers in Andes (3)
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12. Climate change: vertical altitudinal moves certain,
everything else very uncertain
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13. For Andean peoples, water is much more than a hydric
resource:
•
Water is a living being
•
Water is a divine being
•
Water is the basis of reciprocity and complementarity
•
Water is a universal and community right
•
Water is an expression of flexibility and adaptability
•
Water is a creator and transformer
•
Water is social recreation
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14. BSM: a way to
improve water
management
and reduce
water related
conflicts
14

15. •
CPWF-Andes programme aim:
•
to increase water productivity and reduce water-related
conflict in selected basins through the development of more
equitable benefit-sharing mechanisms (BSM)
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16. BSM?
•
While a more precise definition is part of our ongoing
research, preliminary approaches from the CPWF-Andes
projects define BSM as :
•
A processes of collective action that seek to guarantee the
satisfaction of collective and individual interests without
prejudicing the basic resources, the quality of life and the well-
being of the population and the actors involved in the watershed.
•
A mechanism negotiated between the actors that benefits from ES
and those whose decisions determine the provision of ES, in order
to share among them the benefits provided by ES; or the cost of
improving the ES delivery
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17. How can we make the people who benefit from
hydrological services (for example, those who
consume water in the city or those who use
irrigation water for agricultural production)
contribute to the well-being of those who
guarantee its generation and conservation (such
as communities whose territories include Andean
forests, paramos and puna)?
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18. Preservation and / or restoration of watershed
services: water regulation, groundwater
recharge and conservation of water quality
Consensus building process
Incentives
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Better information
Capacity building
Better information
Capacity building
Benefit Sharing Mechanisms in the Andes are helping to create a
virtuous circle between the welfare of people and the ecosystems they
live in.

19. One of the keys to a successful BSM is to ensure it is
designed within the local social and hydrological context,
and, is continually revised to respond to the ever-changing
environment and community needs.
BSMs work best where there is a high downstream demand
and limited seasonal water supply upstream - however in
these circumstances there is often a large power difference
between stakeholders. The poorest having the least access
to information and negotiating power. To ensure the
agreements reached are equitable and help fight poverty it
is essential that all stakeholders are provided with all
necessary information to make informed decisions.
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20. One of the most well known forms of Benefit Sharing
Mechanisms are market driven Payment for Ecosystem
Services, or PES.
However these are just one type of benefit sharing
mechanism and in many circumstances a market driven
approach is simply not able deliver a fair or environmentally
sustainable solution.
In fact today, the majority of successful BSMs in the Andes
are not market driven PES solutions, rather they are BSMs
that have been created through consultative process and
driven by communities themselves.
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21. Opportunities for collaboration
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22. 21
• Research and Capacity building
We need more reliable and timely information to
understand the hydrology of the Andean watersheds, its
hydrological environmental services, the land degradation
and the connection between these issues and the poverty
at the basins.
At the same time, we have a clear demand to improve the
capacity of local and subnational water governance
structures to become the force to transform the way the
water resources is managed and to influence the national
structures.

23. • Improving Andean communities livelihoods
There are long-term land and water management's
processes already happening in our basins that eager to
engage with research organizations to find better answer
to their current water management challenges. Therefore,
Andean basins offer a unique opportunity to quickly
transform research into impact, improving people's
livelihoods with sound science.
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24. • Global dialogue on global issues
Andes offer an opportunity to extract lessons for other
regions in the world because the diversity of ecosystems
and stakeholders interacting at different basins. This
particularity offer a reach diversity of water management
scenarios.
In the same line, current research in the Andes is
connecting water management with global issues: food
security, biodiversity, risk management and climate
change.
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25. ConstruyendoConstruyendo
solucionessoluciones juntosjuntos,,
desde nuestradesde nuestra
diversidaddiversidad,,
desde nuestrodesde nuestro sabersaber,,
en armonía con elen armonía con el ambienteambiente..
miguel.saravia@condesan.org
http://www.condesan.org
http://www.infoandina.org
GRACIAS