This document discusses smart and electronic textiles. It describes how smart textiles can sense, react to, and process data from their environment using integrated electronics. Common functions of smart textiles include sensing, actuation, data processing, communication and energy storage. The document outlines several applications of smart textiles like monitoring body signals and temperature, providing electrotherapy, and regulating heating and cooling. It also discusses various technical challenges in developing textile-based sensors, actuators, power sources, displays and communication systems.
7. The textile can absorb, reflect, shield,
measure or generate …
Temperature Electric properties
Heat flux Movement
Electromagnetic fields Forces
Humidity Mechanical strength
Chemicals Odour
Gases Acoustic
Radiation Biological
17. Phase change materials
•Developed by NASA in 90’s
•Cope with large temperature variations
•More than 500 substances
•Uses melting heat: about 200 times higher than
caloric value
•Paraffin waxes in micro capsules
19. Mechanical actuators
Mechanisms Status
Thermal/hygral expansion Limited flexibility
Shape memory materials One way, expensive, control
Gel based systems Based on diffusion: slow
Electro active polymers Slow, low voltage
Electrostrictive systems Fast, high voltage
20. Shape memory alloys: Nitinol
Goes to a predifined
shape above transition
temperature
Grado Zero
Self ironing shirt
21. Smart interface: active dyes
Skin pH-variation
after burn wound
skin pH
days
L. Van der Schueren, K. De Clerck
27. Energy
Optimise consumption and distribution
Balance between storage and “generation”
Storage:
• Flexible chemical batteries
• Capacity based fibre batteries
Generation from:
• Heat
• Motion
• Light
28. Energy from heat: Seebeck
Uses:
Areas of cooling
•P semiconductor
•N semiconductor
Areas of heating •Conductive materials
Infineon demonstrator
29. Energy from motion: piezo electrics
Deformation leads to E field
Needs large surface, no
thickness
PVDF
Challenges:
•Materials
•Concepts
Electrode
Piezo electric layer
•Production (poling)
Electrode
38. A smart textile can …
Monitor man, the environment and itself
Detect unusual conditions
Detect when things risk to get out of hand
Prevent things from happening
Protect against accidents
Monitor the impact of events
Provide early assistance
Support and follow up rehabilitation
39. Coordination action for enhancing the
breakthrough of intelligent textile systems
(e-textiles and wearable Microsystems)
www. .org
COLAE: Commercialisation Clusters of OLAE
www. .eu